Hiki i kēlā me kēia o kākou i ke ola ke ʻike i ka manawa o ka lā i ka makahiki i ka loli ʻana, ua lōʻihi ka manawa o ka lā i ke kauwela, ua pōkole ka manawa o ka lā i ka hoʻoilo, ʻo kēia ma kahi ʻāpana o ka lōʻihi o ka lā e loli mau ana ma muli o ka hoʻohuli ʻana o ka Honua a puni ka lā i hana ʻia. No ka ʻĀkau o ka Hemisphere, kahi a mākou e noho nei, ʻo ka lā ka lōʻihi loa ma ka solstice kauwela (ma kahi o Iune 22) a ʻo ka pōkole loa ma ka solstice hoʻoilo (ma kahi o Dekemaba 22). Mai ka solstice kauwela a i ka solstice hoʻoilo, e pōkole nā lā, a mai ka solstice hoʻoilo a i ka solstice kauwela, e lōʻihi nā lā. No ka poʻe i loaʻa nā nīnau e pili ana i kēia ʻano, hiki iā ʻoe ke nānā hou i ka "Shift of the Sun's Direct Sunspot" a Giorgio Graffi i ʻōlelo ai ma mua.
ʻO ka mea i luna aʻe e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka loli ʻana o ka lōʻihi o ka lā ma kahi ʻāina i hoʻokahi makahiki, a laila inā makemake mākou e hoʻohālikelike i ka awelika o ka manawa o ka lā ma nā wahi like ʻole i hoʻokahi makahiki, e hoʻopilikia ʻia kēia hōʻailona e nā mea hea?
ʻO ka mea mua, pono mākou e hoʻokaʻawale ma waena o nā manaʻo ʻelua o ka lōʻihi o ke ao a me ka manawa o ka lā, ʻo ka lōʻihi o ke ao e pili ana i ka lōʻihi o ka lā ma kahi ʻāpana, pono e like me ka manawa o ka napoʻo ʻana o ka lā me ka ʻole o ka manawa o ka puka ʻana o ka lā, e hoʻolauna pū ʻia ka helu kikoʻī o ke kua o ka GioGraffi me nā kikoʻī, he hoʻāʻo alapine kiʻekiʻe ia, akā ʻaʻole hiki i ka nui o nā haumāna ke lanakila i nā pilikia. ʻO ka manawa o ka lā e pili ana i ka lā ma kahi o ka helu maoli o nā hola, i hoʻohana nui ʻia e wehewehe i nā kūlana lewa a i ʻole nā ʻano aniau o kahi ʻāpana, no laila ʻo nā mea e hoʻopilikia ana i ka manawa o ka lā ʻo ke aniau, ma mua o ka latitu, pono mākou e hoʻolohe i kēia!
E nānā kākou i ka awelika o nā hola lā makahiki ma Kina, mai ka pakuhi ma lalo nei hiki iā ʻoe ke hōʻuluʻulu i ke kānāwai hea? A e ʻike i nā kūlana kūikawā hea?
Mai ka pakuhi ma luna, a hiki i ka makahiki 2018, hiki ke ʻike ʻia ka awelika o nā hola o ka hoʻolaha ʻana o ka lā, ma ke ʻano holoʻokoʻa, ʻo ka awelika o ka helu makahiki o Kina o nā hola o ka lā i hōʻike ʻia e ka hikina hema a i ke komohana ʻākau e piʻi nui ana, ʻo ia hoʻi ma muli o nā wahi kahakai hikina hema i hoʻopilikia ʻia e ka monsoon, ʻoi aku ka ua o ka ua e pili ana i ka nui o nā hola o ka lā, a ma uka komohana ʻākau o ke aniau maloʻo, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka ua, ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ka helu o nā hola o ka lā. Eia kekahi, hiki i nā hoaaloha akahele ke ʻike he 3,000 mau hola o ka lā makahiki o ka Tibetan Plateau, ka ʻaoʻao komohana o ka Inner Mongolian Plateau a me nā wahi ʻē aʻe, ma muli o ke kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe, ka ea lahilahi, a me ke aniau lā. ʻO ka Sichuan Basin, ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o 1,000 mau hola o ka lā i kēlā me kēia makahiki, ʻo ia hoʻi ma muli o ka palena o ke ʻano o ka ʻāina, ka nui o ka mahu wai, nā ao a me nā hola lā liʻiliʻi.
A laila, e nānā kākou i ka helu honua o nā hola awelika o ka lā makahiki. ʻO wai nā kūlanakauhale e loaʻa ana ka lā? A ʻo wai nā kūlanakauhale ʻaʻole i ʻike i ka lā a puni ka makahiki?
ʻO 10 mau hola lā awelika o ka makahiki
01.Yuma, USA, 4015.3h ka awelika o nā hola lā makahiki
Aia ʻo Yuma ma ka ʻaoʻao hema hema o ka mokuʻāina ʻo ʻAlikona o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, e pili ana iā Kaleponi, me ke aniau maloʻo a me ka ua makahiki ma lalo o 100mm, ʻo ia wale nō ke kūlanakauhale me nā hola o ka lā ma mua o 4,000 i kēlā me kēia makahiki, ʻo ia hoʻi ka awelika o 10.96 hola o ka lā i kēlā me kēia lā. Loaʻa iā Yuma kekahi o nā kumuwaiwai lā waiwai loa ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa.
02.Massa Alam, ʻAigupita, 3,958 hola o ka lā i kēlā me kēia makahiki
He awa ʻo Massa Alam ma ke kahakai o ke Kai ʻUlaʻula, nona ke aniau wao nahele wela, wela a maloʻo i ka makahiki āpau, me nā ao liʻiliʻi a me ka lā ʻālohilohi. Mai ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kahua mokulele honua kūloko i ka makahiki 2001, ua lilo ʻo Marsa Alam i punahele hou no nā mea luʻu ma ka ʻāina ʻo Kai ʻUlaʻula.
03.Calama, Chile, 3926.2 hola o ka lā i kēlā me kēia makahiki
He kūlanakauhale ʻo Calama ma ka ʻākau o Chile aia ma nā puʻu komohana o Andes, he 21 kilomita wale nō mai ka lua keleawe hāmama ʻo Chuquicamata, ma ke kiʻekiʻe o 2,266 mika ma luna o ka ʻilikai, me ke aniau maloʻo loa.
04. ʻO ka ʻĀina o Dakhla, ʻAigupita, 3,943.4 hola o ka lā i kēlā me kēia makahiki
Aia ma ke Kiaʻāina ʻo New Valley ma ʻAigupita, ʻo ka Dakhla Oasis kekahi o nā ʻehiku oase ma ka Wao nahele Komohana o ʻAigupita. ʻOi aku ma mua o 500 mau pūnāwai wela, nā māla huaʻai momona, nā kūlanakauhale a me nā kauhale medieval i koe, nā hale pā pōhaku lepo nani a me nā kia hoʻomanaʻo like ʻole ma ia wahi ua lilo i wahi mākaʻikaʻi nui no nā mākaʻikaʻi mai nā wahi a puni o ka honua.
05. Phoenix, USA, 3871.6h ka awelika o nā hola lā makahiki
Aia ʻo Phoenix a me Yuma i kūlana kiʻekiʻe loa ma Arizona, ʻo Phoenix kekahi kapikala. Ua unuhi ʻia ʻo Phoenix ʻo Phoenix, i ʻike ʻia ʻo Hoozdo ma ka ʻōlelo Navajo, ʻo ia hoʻi kahi wela. He maloʻo ke aniau o Phoenix me ka awelika kiʻekiʻe o ka mahana makahiki ma mua o nā kūlanakauhale nui ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa. Ma ka awelika, ʻoi aku ka mahana ma mua o 38 degere Fahrenheit 89 mau lā i kēlā me kēia makahiki, kokoke i nā manawa āpau mai Iune a Kepakemapa. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka inoa o ka hui NBA ma Phoenix ʻo "Phoenix Suns", ʻo ia hoʻi he lā ia i ka makahiki āpau.
06. Kitmanshoop, Namibia, ʻawelika o nā hola lā makahiki he 3870h
He kūlanakauhale ʻo Kitmanshoop ma ka hema o Namibia a ʻo ke kapikala o ka ʻĀpana ʻo Karas. Aia ma ka lihi o ka Namib Desert, he ʻano maloʻo kona me ka ua kakaikahi a me nā hola lōʻihi o ka lā.
07. Las Vegas, USA, ʻawelika hola lā makahiki 3825.3h
ʻO Las Vegas ke kūlanakauhale nui loa ma ka mokuʻāina ʻo Nevada o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa a ʻo ke kūlanakauhale piliwaiwai kaulana o ka honua. Aia ʻo Las Vegas ma ka lihi o ka wao nahele ʻo Nevada ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa a ua hoʻopuni ʻia e nā mauna kiʻekiʻe o 1000-3000 mika. He ʻano wao nahele maʻamau ko Las Vegas i ke kauwela, me ka mahana o ke awakea e hiki pinepine ana ma kahi o 38°C a hiki i 45°C a ʻoi aku paha.
08. Tucson, USA, awelika o nā hola lā makahiki 3806h
ʻO Tucson ke kolu o ke kūlanakauhale ma ka papa inoa mai ka mokuʻāina hema o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa ʻo Arizona, aia ma kahi awāwa neoneo i hoʻopuni ʻia e nā mauna ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻekolu. ʻO ka maloʻo o ka makahiki a me ka nui o ka lā ua hoʻokipa lōʻihi i nā mākaʻikaʻi he nui, ʻoiai ka ulu wikiwiki ʻana o ka ʻoihana hoʻomaha i hōʻike ʻia e ke kikowaena hoʻōla, a ua kūʻai aku nā poʻe ʻelemakule he nui mai ka ʻākau hikina o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa i nā waiwai ma Tucson. Eia kekahi, aia ke kahua mokulele ʻo Davis-Monthan ma ka ʻāina o ke kūlanakauhale.
09. Harij, ʻAigupita, ʻawelika hola lā makahiki 3790.8
ʻO Harij ka oasis nui loa ma ka wao nahele Komohana o ʻAigupita, me nā wahi neoneo luakini mai ke kenekulia ʻelima BC He wahi mākaʻikaʻi kaulana ia ma ʻAigupita. ʻO ke aniau maloʻo i ka makahiki a puni, i mea e hoʻomohala ai i ka mahiʻai, kūkulu ʻia nā ʻōnaehana hoʻoinu wai, hoʻomaikaʻi i ka lepo, a me ka mahiʻai i hoʻomohala ʻia.
10. El Paso, USA, ʻawelika o nā hola lā makahiki he 3762.5h
Aia ʻo El Paso ma ka ʻaoʻao komohana o ka mokuʻāina ʻo Texas o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa. ʻO ka inoa o ke kūlanakauhale, ʻo El paso, he ʻōlelo Sepania no "The Pass", ʻo ia hoʻi nā kapa i holoi ʻia e ka Rio Grande. Maloʻo ke aniau, me ka liʻiliʻi o ka mahu wai a me ka uhi ao lahilahi.
ʻO ka mea aʻe: ʻo ka Top 10 o ka ʻike ʻole ʻana i ka lā
01. Totoro, Colombia, awelika o nā hola lā makahiki 637h
Aia ʻo Totoro ma ke komohana hema o Colombia, ma lalo o ka mana o ka 'Oihana ʻo Cauca, kahi i wela a pulu ai ke aniau i ka makahiki āpau, me ka ua makahiki ma mua o 1,500 millimeters.
02. Tórshavn, Nā Mokupuni ʻo Faroe, ʻawelika hola lā makahiki 840h
ʻO Tórshavn ke kapikala o nā mokupuni ʻo Faroe, a hiki ke unuhi ʻia ka inoa o ke kūlanakauhale ʻo "Thor's Harbor", ka inoa o ke akua o ka hekili ma ka moʻolelo Norse. Nui ka ua a me ke ao ʻino ma nā mokupuni ʻo Faroe i ka makahiki ma muli o nā makani komohana a me ka hui ʻana o nā au mahana a me ke anu, e hoʻolilo ana i ka lā i mea hoʻonanea iki no nā mokupuni ʻo Faroe.
03. Chongqing, Kina, ʻawelika hola lā makahiki 954.8
ʻO Chongqing, ke kaona ʻōpiopio loa o Kina, ua kapa ʻia ʻo "City of Mountains" a me "City of Mist". He mauna ʻo Chongqing, me nā mauna e helu ana ma mua o ʻelua hapakolu o kona ʻāina holoʻokoʻa, a he ʻano monsoon subtropical me ka ua nui. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka muliwai ʻo Jialing ma Chongqing Chaotianmen e pae ana i loko o ka muliwai ʻo Yangtze, me ka nui o ka mahu wai. ʻO ka hui pū ʻana o nā kumu e hoʻolilo ai iā Chongqing i noe, a ʻo ka nui o nā hola o ka lā he haʻahaʻa ia.
04. Dixon, Rusia, 1164.3h ka awelika o nā hola lā makahiki
Aia ma kahi kokoke i ka nuku o ka muliwai ʻo Yenisei ma 73°N, ua hoʻopilikia ʻia ʻo Dixon e ke aniau ʻĀtika, me 10 mau mahina o ka hoʻoilo i kēlā me kēia makahiki. ʻAʻole wale ka lā i nele no 2 mau mahina, akā ma muli hoʻi o ke aniau anuanu, pulu a me ke ao nui, ʻaʻole ʻike mau ʻia ka lā i kona wā e kū mai ana.
05. Malabo, Equatorial Guinea, ka awelika o ka lā makahiki 1176.7h
ʻO Malabo ke kapikala o Equatorial Guinea a aia ma kahi mokupuni pele i hoʻopuni ʻia e ke kai a ma ka ʻāina equatorial, kahi ea kai wela, no laila he nui ka ua ma Malabo a he haʻahaʻa loa ka awelika o nā hola lā makahiki.
06. Buenaventura, Colombia, awelika o ka lā makahiki 1178h
ʻO Buenaventura ke awa nui loa ma Colombia a ʻo ke kūlanakauhale koʻikoʻi loa ma ke kahakai Pākīpika o ka ʻāina. Aia ma ka mokupuni ʻo Cascajal ma ke Kai Kūʻono ʻo Buenaventura, ua pili ke kūlanakauhale i ka ʻāina nui e kahi alahaka a he kikowaena koʻikoʻi ia no ke kālepa haole o Colombia. Ma muli o kona wahi ma ke kaha kahakai kokoke i ka equator, ua mahana a pulu ke aniau me ka ua nui.
07. Lima, Peru, ʻawelika o ka lā makahiki 1230h
ʻO Lima ke kapikala o Peru a ua māhele ʻia i ʻelua ʻāpana: ke kūlanakauhale kahiko a me ke kūlanakauhale hou. Ua ʻike ʻia ʻo Lima ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa he kūlanakauhale ua ʻole, me ka ʻole o ka hekili, ka uila a i ʻole nā ʻino i loko o ka makahiki, a ʻaʻole i lohe ʻia ka hau a me ka hau. ʻOiai ʻaʻohe ua, he haʻahaʻa loa ka awelika o nā hola lā makahiki o Lima, a ke kuhi nei kekahi poʻe akamai he pili ia i ka haumia o ka ea i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka hoʻomohala nui ʻana o ka ʻoihana ma Lima.
08.Ushuaia, Argentina, awelika o nā hola lā makahiki 1281.2h
Aia ʻo Ushuaia ma ka hema o Argentina, he 3,200 kilomita ka mamao mai Buenos Aires, ke kapikala o ka ʻāina, akā he 800 kilomita wale nō ka mamao mai Antarctica, ke kūlanakauhale hema loa o ka honua, i ʻike ʻia hoʻi ʻo ka hopena o ka honua. He kahua kūpono ʻo Ushuaia no ka holo ʻana a me ka hoʻolako hou ʻana no nā huakaʻi a me nā huakaʻi i Antarctica. Ma muli o kona wahi ma ke Komohana Wind Belt, kahi i pilikia i nā makani komohana a me nā neʻe komohana i ka makahiki a puni, ua anu a ua ʻo Ushuaia i ka makahiki a puni, a he paʻakikī ke loaʻa ʻana o ka lā.
09.Reykjavik, ʻAisilani, 1,326 hola awelika o ka lā makahiki
ʻO Reykjavik ke kapikala o Iceland, a ʻo ia hoʻi ke kūlanakauhale mua o ka ʻāina a me ke awa mua. Aia ma 64°N, kokoke loa ʻo Reykjavik i ka Arctic Circle, akā ua hoʻohuli ʻia e ke au mahana ʻo ʻAkelanika ʻĀkau a he ʻano mālie ke aniau. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ke kahakai, a me ka nui o nā kumuwaiwai geothermal, e hopena i ka nui o ka mahu wai ma luna o ke kūlanakauhale ʻo Reykjavík, kahi e hoʻopilikia ai i nā hola o ka lā.
10. Bogotá, Colombia, ʻawelika hola lā makahiki 1328h
ʻO Bogotá ke kapikala o Colombia a ʻo ia kekahi o nā kūlanakauhale wikiwiki loa ma ka ʻāina ʻo Latin America. Ua kaulana ka ʻōnaehana Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) o Bogotá ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa a ua hoʻohālike ʻia e nā wahi he nui. Aia ʻo Bogotá kokoke i ka equator, akā aia ma kahi mauna me ke aniau anuanu. E like me Chongqing, he haʻahaʻa ka awelika o nā hola lā makahiki o Bogotá.
