Chidule
Chaka chino, Pakistan, dziko la ku South Asia lomwe lili ndi anthu opitilira 200 miliyoni, lakhala msika watsopano wa malo okhala ndi magetsi opangidwa ndi photovoltaic ndi malo osungira magetsi. Mofanana ndi ku South Africa, kukula kwa msika wa magetsi opangidwa ndi photovoltaic ndi malo osungira magetsi ku Pakistan kukugwirizana kwambiri ndi malo ake osalimba a msika wamagetsi.
Gridi yamagetsi ku Pakistan yakhala ikuvutika ndi kutsekedwa kwa magetsi ndi kutsekedwa kwa magetsi, makamaka chifukwa cha kusakwanira kwa mphamvu zopangira magetsi komanso kukalamba kwa netiweki yotumizira ndi kugawa magetsi komanso kutayika kwa mawaya ambiri. Munthawi yomwe magetsi amafunidwa kwambiri, monga chilimwe, gridiyo singathe kuthana ndi katundu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kutsekedwa kwa magetsi kukhale kofala.
Zachuma
Ngakhale kuti kukula kwa GDP ku Pakistan kuli kokwera pang'ono, sikuli bwino poyerekeza ndi misika ina yomwe ikutukuka kumene komanso mayiko omwe akutukuka kumene. Malinga ndi International Monetary Fund (IMF), GDP ya Pakistan idafika pa $338.2 biliyoni mu 2023, yomwe ili pa nambala 43 padziko lonse lapansi, poyerekeza ndi chigawo cha Shanxi ku China.
Kuyambira mu 2000 mpaka 2023, kukula kwa GDP ya Pakistan pachaka kunali pafupifupi 5.5%. Komabe, m'zaka zambiri, kukula kumeneku kunali kotsika poyerekeza ndi misika ina yomwe ikutukuka kumene komanso mayiko omwe akutukuka kumene. Ponena za GDP ya munthu aliyense, kusiyana pakati pa Pakistan ndi India yoyandikana nayo kwakula kwambiri. Isanafike chaka cha 2007, GDP ya munthu aliyense ku Pakistan inali yokwera pang'ono kuposa ya India, koma India yakhala ikukula kwambiri kuposa Pakistan kuyambira pamenepo.
Chiwerengero cha anthu
Ndi anthu opitilira 200 miliyoni, Pakistan ili ndi chiwerengero chachikulu komanso chomwe chikukula. Malinga ndi World Bank, chiwerengero cha anthu ku Pakistan chinafika pafupifupi 236 miliyoni mu 2022. Kalembera wa dziko lonse wa 2023 adawonetsa kuti chiwerengero cha anthu chinakula kufika pa 240 miliyoni, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chikhale chachisanu padziko lonse lapansi. Chiwerengero cha anthu ku Pakistan chakhala chikukwera kuyambira mu 1960, ndi kukula kwa 1.65% pachaka kuyambira 2010.
Anthu ambiri ndi achinyamata komanso azaka zapakati, ndipo mabanja ambiri ndi pafupifupi anthu 6.4, malinga ndi Pakistan Bureau of Statistics mu 2017.
Mphamvu
Pakistan imadalira kwambiri magwero a mphamvu zachikhalidwe ndi magetsi amadzi, ndipo mphamvu zopangira magetsi zikukula pang'onopang'ono. Ngakhale kuti ili ndi gasi wachilengedwe ndi malasha, Pakistan imatumiza mafuta ambiri omwe imagwiritsa ntchito. Pofika mu 2023, mphamvu zopangira mafuta opitilira 50% ku Pakistan zimachokera ku mafuta, gasi wachilengedwe, ndi malasha, pomwe mphamvu zamagetsi zamadzi zimaposa 20%. Mphamvu zongowonjezwdwanso zimakhala zochepa, pomwe mphamvu ya mphepo imapanga pafupifupi 4% ndipo mphamvu ya dzuwa ndi 1% yokha.
Zachilengedwe
Pokhala m'madera otentha komanso otentha, Pakistan ili ndi kufunikira kwakukulu kwa magetsi, ndipo kugwiritsa ntchito magetsi m'nyumba kumafikira pafupifupi 50% ya kufunikira konse. Nyengo ya dzikolo, makamaka m'madera akum'mwera, imayambitsa kugwiritsa ntchito magetsi kwambiri chifukwa cha kutentha kwambiri kwa pafupifupi 27°C (81°F) pachaka, makamaka nthawi yachilimwe.
Mphamvu Yamagetsi
Gawo lamagetsi ku Pakistan likukumana ndi mavuto akulu, kuphatikizapo ngongole yozungulira komanso netiweki yotumizira magetsi yomwe ikukula pang'onopang'ono komanso kutayika kwakukulu kwa ma waya. Boma limathandizira gawoli kudzera mu ndalama ndi ma subsidy, koma makampaniwa akuvutika ndi ngongole yozungulira chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa malipiro a bilu, kutayika kwakukulu kwa magetsi ndi ma distribution, komanso kusakwanira kwa ndalama zothandizira boma. Mavutowa amachititsa kuti bungwe logula magetsi nthawi zambiri lichedwetse kulipira ku malo opangira magetsi ndi grid ya dziko, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti vuto la ngongole liwonjezeke mkati mwa unyolo woperekera magetsi.
Netiweki yakale yotumizira magiya, yomwe idapangidwa makamaka m'ma 1970 ndi 1980, imawonjezera mavutowa chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa kutayika kwa magiya.
Kusintha kwa Mphamvu
Pakistan imayang'ana kwambiri kusintha kwa mphamvu ndipo imathandizira chitukuko cha magwero a mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa monga magetsi amadzi ndi mphamvu ya mphepo. Kupanga magetsi mdziko muno kumadalira kwambiri mafuta ochokera kunja, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale pachiwopsezo cha kusinthasintha kwa mitengo ya mafuta ndi kupezeka kwake. Pofuna kuthana ndi izi, boma lakhazikitsa mfundo monga Ndondomeko Yokonzanso Mphamvu, Kukonzekera Mphamvu Zogwirizana, ndi Ndondomeko Yosintha ndi Mphamvu Zongowonjezwdwa (2020). Ndondomekozi cholinga chake ndi kuwonjezera gawo la mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa ndi zina pamsika wamagetsi ku Pakistan kufika pa 20% pofika chaka cha 2025 ndi 30% pofika chaka cha 2030.
Ponena za mphamvu ya dzuwa, bungwe lolamulira mphamvu ku Pakistan, NEPRA, likulimbikitsa kwambiri mapulojekiti a photovoltaic kudzera mu mpikisano wopikisana, ndikuyambitsa mitundu yamsika kuti ithandize pakukula kwa mapulojekiti a dzuwa.
