Umuyaga, n'izuba ni byo bintu bibiri by'ingenzi bitanga ingufu zishobora kuvugururwa, ibyo bikaba byarahindutse uburyo bushya bwo gukoresha neza izi ngufu zombi. Muri iyi nkuru, turagaragaza imiterere y'ubu buryo n'ihame ryabwo ryo gukora amashanyarazi mu buryo burambuye.
Imiterere y'urusobe rw'ingufu zikomoka ku mirasire y'izuba:
Mu buryo bwinshi bw'ingufu z'amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba, igizwe n'ibi bice by'ibanze nk'ibi bikurikira:
1. Ingufu zikoresha imirasire y'izuba;
2. Inverteri;
3. Bateri yo kubika ingufu;
4. Imitwaro;
Ihame ry'imikorere y'urusobe rw'ingufu zikomoka ku mirasire y'izuba
Ubwa mbere, urumuri rw'izuba ruzakoresha imirasire y'izuba, mu gihe utunyangingo turi muri iyo mirasire y'izuba tuzafata urumuri rw'izuba kugira ngo rukore amashanyarazi yitwa amashanyarazi ya DC. Hanyuma amashanyarazi ya DC azahindurwamo amashanyarazi ya AC hakoreshejwe inverter kugira ngo akoreshwe mu muyoboro. Mu gihe habayeho imbaraga nyinshi, azabikwa muri batiri yo kubikamo kugira ngo akoreshwe mu muyoboro nijoro cyangwa mu gihe habayeho ikibazo cy'amashanyarazi.
Ni ubwoko bungahe bwa turbine z'umuyaga nkuko bisanzwe?
Ku isoko, Hari ubwoko bubiri bwa turbine z'umuyaga, umurongo utambitse n'umurongo ugororotse, igiciro cya imwe iri ku ruhande ni gito, ifite ubushobozi bwo gutanga ingufu nyinshi, mu gihe igiciro cya axis ihagaze mu mbaraga zimwe kiri hejuru, ariko ifite akarusho ko kuba ntoya n'ubwiza.
Nubwo ingufu z'umuyaga zidahindagurika cyane ugereranije n'ingufu zikomoka ku mirasire y'izuba, ariko ikiguzi cyo kubaka turbine y'umuyaga ntabwo kiri hejuru. Mu duce tumwe na tumwe tw'ibicu ni amahitamo meza gushora imari mu gice gito cy'umurwa mukuru kugira ngo bagabanye ikiguzi cy'ingufu.
Nkuko bisanzwe, ingufu za turbine ntoya y'umuyaga ni 300W 400W 500W, nibindi, ingano iciriritse ni 1kw 2kw 3kw, nibindi, umuvuduko wazo ukunze kuba muri 2-3m/s. Dukurikije ubwoko butandukanye bw'icyuma, ibikoresho bishobora kuba nylon cyangwa fiberglass.
Imiterere yaingufu z'izuba n'umuyaga sisitemu:
Hari aho usanga hari ibura ry'izuba, bakoresha turbine y'umuyaga kugira ngo bakore amashanyarazi nk'inyongeramusaruro.
1. Ibyuma bikoresha imirasire y'izuba;
2. Inverters zidafite amashanyarazi;
3. Bateri yo kubika ingufu;
4. Turbine y'umuyaga;
5. Umugenzuzi w'umuyaga;
6. Imitwaro;
Uretse imirasire y'izuba ikora amashanyarazi, turbine z'umuyaga zishobora no gukora amashanyarazi hifashishijwe umuyaga, kandi icyuma gipima umuyaga kizakoreshwa kugira ngo gibike amashanyarazi muri batiri kugira ngo gikoreshwe mu buryo bwa UPS.
Ikintu kimwe kigomba kuvugwa muri sisitemu ni uko amashanyarazi aturuka kuri turbine y'umuyaga ari umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi utaziguye (DC), ntabwo anyura muri inverter mu gikorwa cyo gutanga amashanyarazi, kandi ahujwe neza na charge controller na bateri, bityo kugira ngo ibashe gukorana, voltage ya turbine y'umuyaga igomba kuba imwe n'voltage ya bateri yo kubikamo. Urugero, bateri yo kubikamo ingufu ni 48V 100Ah, hanyuma voltage ya turbine y'umuyaga igomba kuba 48V, bitabaye ibyo voltage ntihuye, bityo bizatuma sisitemu idakora.
Kugira ngo umenye byinshi ku bijyanye n'ingufu z'umuyaga n'ingufu zikomoka ku mirasire y'izuba, murakaza neza kutwandikira kuri imeri no kuvugana natwe byinshi.
