Zviri pachena kuti denga rechikamu chitsva chesimba rakakwirira kupfuura zvaitarisirwa, nemari ichiri kudirana, zvichiita sekuti vari kutsvaga "Contemporary Amperex Technology" kana kuti "BYD" inotevera.
Pfupiso
Mabhatiri eSodium-ion (anonzi "mabhatiri eSodium") imhando yebhatiri rinochajwazve rinoshanda nekubatanidza maayoni eSodium pakati pecathode neanode panguva yekuchaja nekuburitsa. Musimboti wekushanda kwawo uye chimiro chawo zvakafanana nemabhatiri eLithium-ion anoshandiswa zvakanyanya.
Sodium nelithium zvese zviri muboka rimwe chete rezvinhu uye zvinoratidza maitiro akafanana e "rocking chair" ekuchaja nekubudisa magetsi. Munguva yekuchaja bhatiri re sodium-ion, ma sodium ions anobuda mu cathode opinda mu anode uku maerekitironi achifamba nemudunhu rekunze. Ma sodium ions akawanda ari mu anode, ndiko kuwedzera kwekuchaja. Kusiyana neizvi, panguva yekuburitsa, ma sodium ions anodzoka kubva mu anode kuenda ku cathode, zvichiwedzera kugona kwekuburitsa magetsi sezvo ma sodium ions akawanda achidzokera kumashure.
Nheyo yekushanda
Pfungwa yekushanda kwemabhatiri e sodium-ion yakafanana neye lithium-ion, inosanganisira kuiswa nekuburitswa kwema sodium ions kuti pave nekufambiswa kwechaji. Panguva yekubuda, ma sodium ions anobuda mu anode material opinda mu cathode material, maerekitironi achiyerera kubva mu anode kuenda ku cathode, zvichiburitsa simba.
Panguva yekuchaja, maion e sodium anobuda mu cathode opinda mu anode kuburikidza ne electrolyte, ukuwo maerekitironi achiyerera achipinda mu anode kuburikidza ne external circuit. Zvakanaka kuti, kuiswa nekuburitswa kwemaion panguva yekuchaja nekuburitsa maion hakufanirwe kuchinja chimiro chechinhu kana kukonzera mhedzisiro ne electrolyte. Zvisinei, tekinoroji iripo inosangana nematambudziko nekuda kwe radius yakakura yemaion e sodium, izvo zvinotungamira kuchinjwa kwechimiro chezvinhu panguva yekuiswa kwemaion, zvichikonzera kudzikira kwekushanda kwe cycle uye kugadzikana.
Zvakanakira
Kuwanda kweSimba:Masero emabhatiri eSodium-ion anowanzova nesimba re100-150 Wh/kg, nepo masero emabhatiri eLithium-ion anowanzova pakati pe120-200 Wh/kg, ane masisitimu eTerry ane nickel anodarika 200 Wh/kg. Kunyangwe mabhatiri eSodium-ion parizvino aine simba rakaderera kana tichienzanisa nemabhatiri eTerry lithium, anogona kufukidza zvishoma kana kufukidza simba remabhatiri eLithium Iron phosphate (120-200 Wh/kg) uye mabhatiri eLead-acid (30-50 Wh/kg).
Kushanda Kwekupisa uye Kuchengetedzwa:Mabhatiri eSodium-ion anoshanda pamhando dzakasiyana dzekupisa, kazhinji kubva pa -40°C kusvika 80°C. Kusiyana neizvi, mabhatiri eTenary Lithium-ion anowanzo shanda pakati pe -20°C ne60°C, mashandiro awo achidzikira pasi pe 0°C. Mabhatiri eSodium-ion anogona kuchengetedza pamusoro pe 80% State of Charge (SOC) pa -20°C. Pamusoro pezvo, nekuda kwekudzivirira kwakanyanya kwemukati, mabhatiri eSodium-ion haawanzo kupisa panguva dzema "short circuits", zvichipa kuchengetedzeka kwakanyanya kana tichienzanisa nemabhatiri eLithium-ion.
Kuyera Kushanda:Kushanda kwemabhatiri e sodium-ion pakuchaja nekuburitsa mvura kwakabatana zvakananga nekukwanisa kwe sodium ions kufamba panzvimbo ye electrode-electrolyte interface. Zvinhu zvinokanganisa kumhanya kwekufamba kwema ion zvinokanganisa kushanda kwebhatiri. Pamusoro pezvo, mwero wekupisa mukati wakakosha pakuchengetedza uye hupenyu hwese panguva yekuchaja nekuburitsa mvura nekukurumidza. Nekuda kwechimiro chavo chekristaro, mabhatiri e sodium-ion anoratidza kushanda kwakanaka, zvichiita kuti akwanise kuchengetwa kwesimba uye kushandiswa kwemagetsi akawanda.
Kumhanya kwekuchaja:Mabhatiri eSodium-ion anogona kuchajwa zvizere mumaminitsi angangoita gumi, nepo mabhatiri eTenary Lithium achida maminitsi angangoita makumi mana, uye mabhatiri eLithium Iron phosphate anoda maminitsi angangoita makumi mana nemashanu.
Kupatsanurwa kweMaindasitiri
Mabhatiri eSodium-ion anouya mumhando dzakasiyana-siyana, dzinosanganisira mabhatiri eSodium-Sulfur, mabhatiri eSodium-Salt, mabhatiri eSodium-Air, mabhatiri eAqueous Sodium-Ion, mabhatiri eOrganic Sodium-Ion, uye mabhatiri eSodium-Ion akasimba.
Muchikamu chekuchengetera simba, mabhatiri e sodium anoshandiswa mukutengeserana anosanganisira mabhatiri e sodium-sulfur anodziya zvakanyanya uye mabhatiri e sodium-metal chloride anobva pamasisitimu e electrolyte akasimba. Masisitimu aya anoshandisa sodium yesimbi sechinhu chinoshanda cheanode, chinonzi mabhatiri e sodium. Kazhinji, izwi rekuti sodium-ion battery rinoreva marudzi matatu ekupedzisira.
Mabhatiri eSodium-Sarufa:Izvi zvinoshandisa sodium yakanyungudutswa seanode uye elemental salfa se cathode, ne solid ceramic Al2O3 se electrolyte uye separator. Mabhatiri eSodium-sulfur ane simba rakasiyana-siyana.
Mabhatiri eSodium-Munyu:Izvi zvinoshandisa sodium yemvura seanode uye zvinhu zvesimbi chloride se cathode, pamwe neNa+ conductor Al2O3 ceramic se electrolyte.
Mabhatiri eSodium-Air:Cathode inowanzo shandisa zvinhu zvine maburi, izvo zvinopa nzira dzekupararira kwegasi uye nzvimbo dzekuita maerekitirodhi nekuda kwekuoma kwechinhu chacho.
Mabhatiri eOrganic Sodium-Ion:Izvi zvinoshandisa zvinhu zvakasanganiswa nekabhoni kana sodium pa anode, pamwe nezvinhu zve cathode zvinosanganisira transition metal oxides uye polyanionic compounds.
Mabhatiri eAqueous Sodium-Ion:Zvichienzaniswa nemabhatiri e organic electrolyte, mabhatiri e sodium-ion emvura anoshandisa ma electrolyte akasiyana, zvichipa kushanda kwakachengeteka kwakanyanya.
