Imwe nzira inozivikanwa sekugadzira simba remagetsi e-photovoltaic inoshandura simba rechiedza kuita magetsi zvakananga nekushandisa simba remagetsi e-photovoltaic pa semiconductor interface. Panel yemagetsi ezuva (module), controller, uye inverter ndizvo zvikamu zvitatu zvikuru zvayo. Zvikamu zvemagetsi zvinoumba ruzhinji rwezvikamu zvayo zvakakosha. Module yemagetsi ezuva yakakura inogadzirwa nekubatanidza masero ezuva akatevedzana, kuafukidza kuti adzivirirwe, uye kuwedzera ma controllers emagetsi nezvimwe zvikamu kugadzira mudziyo wekugadzira simba remagetsi e-photovoltaic.
1. Ndeipi nzira yekugadzira simba rezuva?
Kugadzira simba remagetsi rinoshandisa photovoltaic inzira yekushandura simba rezuva kuita magetsi zvakananga.
Simba remagetsi rinoshandisa simba rezuva (photovoltaic) ndiyo nzira inonyanya kushandiswa pakugadzira magetsi ezuva. Nekuda kweizvozvo, simba rezuva rava kunzi simba rinogadzira simba remagetsi (photovoltaic energy).
2. Masero ezuva anogadzira sei magetsi?
Sero re photovoltaic ndiro rinonyanya kushandiswa kugadzira simba re photovoltaic, sezvo riri mudziyo we semiconductor unoshandura chiedza nemagetsi zvakananga kubva kusimba remwaranzi yezuva kuita magetsi akananga.
Kushandisa silicon ine zvinhu zvakasiyana (senge phosphorus, boron, nezvimwewo) kunokonzera kusawirirana kuripo mumagetsi echinhu ichi, zvichikonzera kuti zvinhu zve semiconductor zvive nemagetsi akasiyana izvo zvinoita kuti masero e photovoltaic ave nemagetsi akasiyana.
Kana ikavhenekerwa nezuva, masemiconductor ane hunhu hwakasiyana hwemagetsi anogona kugadzira machaji emahara. Kana magumo akavharwa, machaji emahara anoungana uye anofamba nenzira yakati, zvichiburitsa simba remagetsi.
3. Ndezvipi zvakanakira zvinopihwa nekugadzira simba remagetsi ezuva nezuva?
1). Kufara
Pamusoro penyika pane chiedza chezuva, uye izvi zvinogona kushandiswa uye kushandiswa pasinei nenzvimbo—nyika, gungwa, makomo, kana nyika yakati sandara. Kunyangwe nguva yekupenya uye kusimba kwayo zvichisiyana, yakapararira zvakanyanya uye haizokanganisirwi nemamiriro ekunze kana nzvimbo yacho.
2). Kugara kwenguva refu uye kusingaperi
Zuva rinoburitsa simba renyukireya rakakwana nekukurumidza uku kuti rikwanise kupa simba rekuchengetwa kwehydrogen kwemakore makumi emabhiriyoni. Tichifunga nezvekuparara kwakanyanya kwezvakatipoteredza kwanhasi, simba rezuva isimba rakachena chose, rinogona kuvandudzwa uye rine simba risingaperi.
3). Nzvimbo dzekuisa dzinochinjika
Denga rakavhurika rinopa mukana wekusakanganiswa nekwakananga kwechivako, zvichiita kuti chiedza chisvike mukati kwenguva yakareba uye kuderedza kukanganiswa kwemumvuri. Kuwedzera pakuiswa padenga redzimba, kugadzirwa kwemagetsi ezuva kunogona kuwanikwawo muzvivakwa zvemaindasitiri, uko simba rezuva rinoshandiswa kugadzira simba rinogutsa zvinodiwa nemagetsi zvechivako. Kuvandudzwa kwetekinoroji yemagetsi ezuva inoparadzirwa padenga kunogonawo kugadzirisa nyaya yekushandiswa kwemagetsi mudunhu rese mukugadzirisa kumaruwa.
4). Verdant
Zviri pachena kuti maTV akawanda uye masikirini akajeka anoshandisa magetsi akawanda. Kuderedza kupenya uye vhoriyamu hazvingodziviriri maziso nenzeve chete, asiwo zvinochengetedza magetsi.
5). Kuvandudza kuchengetedzeka kwesimba remagetsi munyika
Vanhu vanogona kuvandudza kuchengetedzeka kwesimba renyika nekuderedza kuvimba kwavo nekugadzira simba remafuta ekare uye kudzivirira matambudziko esimba uye kusagadzikana kwemusika wemafuta. Izvi zvinogona kuitwa kuburikidza nekushandisa simba remagetsi rinobuda nechiedza chezuva.
6). Mari shoma yekutarisira nekushandisa
Kushanda kwekugadzira magetsi emagetsi ezuva nezuva kwakasimba uye kwakavimbika, uye hakuna zvikamu zvemagetsi zvinofambisa magetsi. Kana zvikasanganiswa nekushandiswa kwakapararira kwetekinoroji yekudzora otomatiki, seti yemasisitimu ekugadzira magetsi ezuva anogona kugadzira magetsi chero bedzi paine solar cell module. Izvi zvinoguma nemari shoma yekugadzirisa inogona kuwanikwa pasina kutarisirwa.
4. Ndeapi marudzi emapurojekiti ekugadzira simba rezuva aripo?
Mapurojekiti ePV anogona kurongwa se "akagoverwa" kana "akaiswa pakati" zvichienderana nehurongwa hwawo.
Zvakaparadzirwa: Zvivakwa zvemagetsi zvephotovoltaic zvehukuru hwakati hwakavakirwa panzvimbo yemushandisi kana zvakabatana negrid yemagetsi zvinonzi zvivakwa zvemagetsi zvephotovoltaic zvakagoverwa. Rudzi urwu rwechivakwa chemagetsi runogona kupa simba zvakananga kuvanhu vari pedyo uye runowanzoiswa pasi, pamadziro, kana padenga.
Nzvimbo yepakati: inonyanya kushandiswa munzvimbo dzakakura dzakadai semakomo nemarenje. Nekushandisa mapaneru akawanda emagetsi ezuva kana masisitimu ekutevera simba rezuva, rudzi urwu rwemagetsi runounganidza simba rezuva uye runorishandura kuita magetsi anotumirwa kune vatengi vanogara kure nenzvimbo yekugadzira simba.
Zvivako zvinoshandisa magetsi ezuva: Izvi zvinogadzirwa nekubatanidza tekinoroji yekugadzira simba rezuva nezvivakwa zvechivako, zvichiita kuti solar system ive chikamu chakakosha chechivako. Rudzi urwu rwemagetsi runogona kuiswa pabharukoni rechivako, pamadziro emaketeni, padenga, kana kune dzimwe nzvimbo.
Zvivakwa zvemagetsi zvePV zvinogonawo kupatsanurwa kuita mapoka anotevera zvichienderana nehunyanzvi hwetekinoroji uye mamiriro ekushandisa:
Nzvimbo yemagetsi yePV inoshandiswa pamba: inonyanya kushandiswa muzvivakwa zvekugara, isystem diki inogadzira magetsi ePV yakapararira. Kuti vagutse zvinodiwa nemagetsi avo, varidzi vedzimba vanogona kuisa ma solar panels padenga ravo uye kugadzira simba rinogona kushandiswazve.
Zviteshi zvemagetsi zvePV zvemabhizinesi: zviri pakati pezviteshi zvemagetsi zvePV zvepakati nepekugara maererano nehukuru, uye zvakakodzera kushandiswa muzvivakwa zvemabhizinesi, mapaki emaindasitiri, nedzimwe nzvimbo.
Zvivakwa zvemagetsi zvinoshandisa simba remagetsi kubva kumaruwa: zvinonyanya kushandiswa munzvimbo dzekumaruwa, uko zvinopa varimi simba rakachena uye zvinogadzirisa nyaya yekushaikwa kwemagetsi.
Zvivakwa zvemagetsi zvinoshandisa simba remagetsi kubva kumaruwa: zvinonyanya kushandiswa munzvimbo dzekumaruwa, uko zvinopa varimi simba rakachena uye zvinogadzirisa nyaya yekushaikwa kwemagetsi.
Nzvimbo yemagetsi yePV yezvivakwa zveveruzhinji: inotsanangura kushandiswa kwetekinoroji yekugadzira simba rezuva munzvimbo dzine veruzhinji, dzakadai sezviteshi zvemabhazi, zvikoro, nezvipatara.
Nzvimbo yemagetsi inoyangarara ye photovoltaic: Rudzi urwu rwemagetsi anogadzira magetsi runonyanya kushandiswa mumatangi, mumadhamu, nedzimwe nzvimbo dzemvura uko panels dzinoiswa pamusoro pemvura.
5. Chii chinoita kuti simba remagetsi rinoshandisa kabhoni shoma uye rive simba regirini?
Zvichienderana netsvagurudzo yakawanikwa kubva kuWorld Wide Fund for Nature (WWF), kuisa sisitimu yekugadzira simba remagetsi re1 kW photovoltaic kunogona kugadzira magetsi e1200 kWh pagore, kuderedza kushandiswa kwemarasha (standard coal) neinenge 400 kg, uye kuderedza kuburitswa kwecarbon dioxide neinenge 1 tani. Kugadzirwa kwesimba remagetsi rephotovoltaic kune simba guru, kuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza, uye mabhenefiti ehupfumi. Ndiyo imwe yesimba remhando yepamusoro regirini munyika medu.
Kugadzirwa kwesimba rinogona kushandiswazve, sekugadzira simba remagetsi rinobuda pachiedza chezuva, ndeimwe yenzira dzinoshanda dzekugadzirisa matambudziko ezvakatipoteredza akadai semhute nemvura ine acid. Sekureva kwetsvagurudzo kubva kuWorld Wide Fund for Nature (WWF), kuisa sisitimu yekugadzira simba remagetsi rinobuda pachiedza chezuva ine sikweya mita imwe chete kwakaenzana nekudyara miti inosvika 100 sikweya mita.
