Meelaha qaar, ma jirto meel kale oo nidaamyada photovoltaic (PV) lagu xiri karo shabakadda. Haddaba maxaan u rakibaynaa kuwo kale oo badan? Ma runtii baahi aad u sarreysa ayaa jirta?
Dadku waxay inta badan ku dhaleeceeyaan PV iyo korontada dabaysha inay yihiin "koronto aan la karin," oo la heli karo marka aan loo baahnayn oo aan la heli karin marka loo baahdo, taasoo saameyn weyn ku yeelata shabakadda. Warshadu sidoo kale waa mid aad u tartan badan. Ma u qalantaa in laga shaqeeyo goobtan?
Waxaa jira isfaham la'aan halkan. Sida laga soo xigtay Shirka Falanqaynta Horumarinta Tamarta La Cusboonaysiin Karo ee la qabtay bishii Febraayo, celceliska heerka isticmaalka tamarta dabaysha waa 96.8%, kan awoodda PV-na waa 98.3%. Heerarkan isticmaalka aad bay u sarreeyaan, taasoo la macno ah in ku dhawaad dhammaan korontada la soo saaro la isticmaalo, haddana, ma jirto wax dhibaato ah oo ku saabsan yareynta awoodda dabaysha ama PV. Rubucii hore ee 2024, awoodda la rakibay ee tamarta la cusboonaysiin karo waxay dhaaftay 1.585 bilyan oo kilowatts, iyadoo dabaysha iyo PV ay yihiin 1.1 bilyan oo kilowatts, taasoo ka dhigaysa 52.9% wadarta awoodda la rakibay. Marka la gaaro 2060, awoodda la rakibay ee dabaysha iyo PV waxaa la filayaa inay gaarto 6 bilyan oo kilowatts. Si loo gaaro yoolkan, waxaan u baahanahay inaan ku darno 150 milyan oo kiiwatts oo awood la rakibay sannad kasta. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, arrin muhiim ah ayaa ah in meelaha baahida korontada sare leh ay badanaa ka maqan yihiin meel loogu talagalay rakibidda, halka meelaha booska leh aysan lahayn awood isticmaalka. Sidaa darteed, waxaan u baahanahay inaan dhisno khadad cusub oo danab aad u sarreeya (UHV), shabakadaha qaybinta, iyo nidaamyada kaydinta muddooyin kala duwan.
Sanadka 2024, maalgashiga caalamiga ah ee qaybta shabakadda korontada ayaa la filayaa inuu gaaro qiyaastii $400 bilyan, iyadoo in ka badan $50 bilyan lagu maalgeliyay tignoolajiyada kaydinta baytariyada, kuwaas oo 80% loo jeedin doono dalkeenna. Tani waxay iftiiminaysaa saameynta sii kordheysa ee horumarinta tamarta cusub ay ku leedahay kobaca dhaqaalaha.
Sida laga soo xigtay Warbixinta Maalgashiga Tamarta Adduunka ee Sannadlaha ah ee Hay'adda Tamarta Adduunka, maalgashiga tamarta adduunka ee 2024 wuxuu dhaafi doonaa $3 tiriliyan markii ugu horreysay, iyadoo $2 tiriliyan ay geli doonto warshadaha tamarta nadiifka ah, oo ay ku jiraan tamarta la cusboonaysiin karo, gawaarida korontada, tamarta nukliyeerka, iyo kaydinta. Shiinaha oo keliya ayaa la filayaa inuu maalgashado $675 bilyan, oo u dhiganta maalgashiga wadajirka ah ee Mareykanka iyo Midowga Yurub. Shiinaha, Mareykanka, iyo Midowga Yurub ayaa si wadajir ah u xisaabin doona laba meelood meel maalgashiga tamarta nadiifka ah ee adduunka sanadka 2024.
Marka laga eego aragtida isbeddelka amniga tamarta iyo kobaca dhaqaalaha oo ay horseeddo istaraatiijiyadda laba-kaarboon-ka, horumarinta tamarta cusub shaki la'aan waa muhiim. Tani waa sababta qorshayaasha magaalada ee tijaabada ah ee ugu sarreeya ee kaarboonku ay xoogga u saarayaan kor u qaadista rakibaadda PV iyo sababta aan u aragno hindisayaasha sida mashruuca "100 Degmo, 1000 Magaalo, iyo 10,000 Tuulo", oo ay ku jiraan ficillo sida "Ficilka Dabaysha," "Ficilka Qorraxda," gawaarida tamarta cusub ee tagaya meelaha miyiga ah, iyo daboolida saldhigyada dallacaadda ee tuulooyinka oo dhan.
