Ngenxa yokukhula okusheshayo kwamandla avuselelekayo kanye nokusetshenziswa kabanzi kobuchwepheshe bekhaya elihlakaniphile, izinhlelo zokugcina amandla ekhaya ziya ngokuya ziba yingxenye ebalulekile yokuphathwa kwamandla ekhaya. Lezi zinhlelo zisebenza njengamadivayisi abalulekile okugcina amandla. Ukuqina kwamadivayisi okugcina amandla ekhaya kube yindawo ebalulekile ethakazelisayo. Lolu cwaningo luhlose ukunikeza abafundi ulwazi oluphelele kanye nereferensi ngokuxoxa ngesimiso sokusebenza, izinhlobo ezivamile, impilo yesevisi, kanye namasu okwandisa impilo yesevisi yezinhlelo zokugcina amandla ekhaya ngokuningiliziwe.
1Isimiso sokusebenza sohlelo lokugcina amandla emakhaya
Uhlelo lokugcina amandla ekhaya luhilela ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe bokugcina amandla, njengamabhethri e-lithium, amabhethri e-sodium-sulfur, kanye nama-supercapacitor, ukugcina amandla kagesi. Lawa mandla agciniwe angakhishwa uma kudingeka, okuvumela ukulawula okusebenzayo kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamandla ngaphakathi kwekhaya. Umqondo osebenzayo uhilela ngokuyinhloko izinqubo zokugcina amandla kanye nokukhululwa okulandelayo. Ngesikhathi sesigaba sokugcina amandla, uhlelo lokugcina amandla ekhaya luqoqa futhi lugcine ugesi okhiqizwa ukukhiqizwa kwamandla e-photovoltaic, amandla omoya, kanye neminye imishini yamandla avuselelekayo. Esigabeni sokukhishwa kwamandla, uhlelo lokugcina amandla ekhaya luguqula ugesi ogciniwe ube amandla ashintshanayo (AC) kusetshenziswa i-inverter neminye imishini, engasetshenziswa ukunika amandla imishini kagesi yasekhaya.
2.Kunezinhlobo ezimbili ezivame kakhulu zamadivayisi okugcina amandla ekhaya
Njengamanje, izinhlobo eziyinhloko zezinhlelo zokugcina amandla zasekhaya zihlanganisa izinhlelo zokugcina amandla ebhethri le-lithium, izinhlelo zokugcina amandla ebhethri le-sodium sulphur, kanye nezinhlelo zokugcina amandla ze-super capacitors. Uhlelo lokugcina amandla ebhethri le-lithium seluvele njengohlobo oluyinhloko lokugcina amandla ekhaya ngenxa yobuningi balo bamandla obukhulu, impilo yomjikelezo owengeziwe, kanye nesilinganiso esincane sokuzikhipha, phakathi kwezinye izinzuzo. Ubuchwepheshe bokugcina amandla ebhethri le-sodium-sulfur buvame ukusetshenziswa ezindaweni ezithile ngenxa yamandla alo okusebenza emazingeni okushisa aphezulu kanye nesikhathi salo eside sokuphila. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubuchwepheshe bokugcina amandla be-supercapacitor buthole intshisekelo ekhulayo ngenxa yezinzuzo zalo eziphawulekayo, okuhlanganisa izakhiwo zokushaja nokukhipha ngokushesha kanye nesikhathi sokuphila eside.
3. Isikhathi sokuphila sedivayisi yokugcina amandla yokuhlala
Impilo yesevisi yesistimu yokugcina amandla yasekhaya ibhekisela esikhathini lapho ingasebenza kahle khona. Lokhu futhi kuyisilinganiso esibalulekile sokuhlola ukusebenza kwayo. Ngokuvamile, isikhathi sokuphila sesistimu yokugcina amandla yasekhaya sihlobene kakhulu nesikhathi sokuphila somjikelezo webhethri layo. Impilo yomjikelezo iphathelene nenani lemijikelezo yokushaja/yokukhipha ibhethri engadlula ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile zokukhipha amanzi okujulile nokushaja. Isebenza njengesibonakaliso esibalulekile sesikhathi sokuphila sebhethri. Ngokuvamile, amabhethri e-lithium anempilo yomjikelezo engafinyelela ezinkulungwaneni zemijikelezo, yize amabhethri e-sodium-sulfur nama-super capacitors enempilo yomjikelezo emangalisa nakakhulu.
Ukuqina kohlelo lokugcina amandla endlini kuthonywa yimingcele eminingana, okuhlanganisa ukujula kokushaja nokukhipha, izinga lokushisa, izinga lokushaja nokukhipha, nezinye izici ezifanayo. Ukukhishwa okujulile okuphindaphindiwe kanye nokushaja nokukhipha ngokushesha kohlelo lokugcina amandla ekhaya kuzoba nomthelela omubi empilweni yalo yonke. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimo zokushisa eziphakeme zizosheshisa ukuwohloka kwebhethri, ngaleyo ndlela zinciphise impilo yesistimu yokugcina amandla ekhaya.
4. Izindlela zokwandisa isikhathi sokuphila kohlelo lokugcina amandla lwezindlu
Ukuze kuxazululwe inkinga yokuqina okulinganiselwe ezinhlelweni zokugcina amandla zasekhaya, amasu amaningi angasetshenziswa ukuze kwandiswe isikhathi sawo sokuphila.zUma ibhethri liphila isikhathi eside, kubalulekile ukusungula amazinga afanele okushaja nokukhipha ibhethri, ngenkathi kugwenywa ukukhishwa okujulile njalo. Lokhu kuzosiza ukunciphisa inani lemijikelezo yebhethri futhi ekugcineni kwandise impilo yalo yonke yesevisi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukulawula izinga lokushisa lokusebenza kohlelo lokugcina amandla lwasekhaya nokuvimbela ukuchayeka isikhathi eside emazingeni okushisa aphezulu ukuze kuncishiswe izinga lokuwohloka kwebhethri. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukukhetha izinga elifanele lokushaja nokukhipha ibhethri, ngenkathi kugwenywa ukushaja nokukhipha ibhethri njalo nangokushesha, kuyindlela ebalulekile yokwandisa isikhathi sokuphila kohlelo lokugcina amandla lwasekhaya.
Izinhlelo zokugcina amandla ekhaya ziyizinto ezibalulekile zokuphatha nokugcina amandla ezindaweni zokuhlala. Ubude besikhathi sokusebenza kwazo bunomthelela oqondile ekusebenzeni kwazo kanye nezinzuzo zezimali. Ngakho-ke, ukuqonda indlela yokusebenza, ukuhlukahluka okuvame kakhulu, kanye nokuphila isikhathi eside kwezinhlelo zokugcina amandla zasekhaya kubaluleke kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni ukuphathwa kwamandla ekhaya kanye nokwandisa isikhathi sokuphila kwemishini. Lo mbhalo uhlose ukunikeza abafundi izinkomba nesiqondiso esiwusizo.
