Ngokucaciswa kancane kancane kwezinqubomgomo zamaphaneli elanga asakazwayo, imboni ye-photovoltaic yasekhaya iletha indawo entsha yomlando futhi ibhekene nezinselelo namathuba angakaze abonwe ngaphambili. Le nqubomgomo idinga ukuthi ngo-2030, wonke ama-photovoltaic asatshalaliswayo, kufaka phakathi i-photovoltaic yasekhaya, kumele ahlanganyele ngokugcwele ekuthengiselaneni kwemakethe. Lokhu kuguqulwa kwenqubomgomo akugcini nje ngokushintsha isimo semboni, kodwa futhi kubeka isisekelo sentuthuko yesikhathi esizayo.
Izinselele: Ukulinda nokubona imakethe kanye nemikhawulo yamandla
Nakuba amandla amasha okufaka i-photovoltaic yasekhaya afinyelele cishe ku-16GW engxenyeni yokuqala yalo nyaka, ukukhula kwehlile uma kuqhathaniswa nedatha ye-21GW esikhathini esifanayo ngonyaka odlule. Lo mkhuba ubangelwa kakhulu isimo sengqondo sokuqapha sabatshalizimali abakhulu njengezinkampani zikahulumeni eziyinhloko, amabhizinisi kahulumeni wendawo kanye nezikhungo zezezimali mayelana nezimpahla zamaphaneli elanga yasekhaya, okuholele ekunciphiseni ukwanda kwezinkampani ezimakethe ezijwayelekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imikhawulo yamandla okuguqula nayo iyinkinga esebenzayo evimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwamaphaneli elanga yasekhaya. Kodwa-ke, ngokombono kazwelonke, inani elihlanganisiwe lezinhlelo ze-photovoltaic zasekhaya ezifakiwe lingamasethi ayizigidi ezi-5 kuphela, kanti isilinganiso samandla afakiwe sisangaphansi kuka-10% uma kuqhathaniswa namandla emakethe amasethi ayizigidi ezingama-80, okubonisa ukuthi isikhala semakethe sisakhulu futhi amandla awakasetshenziswa.
Amathuba: Ukusekelwa kwenqubomgomo kanye namathuba emakethe
Naphezu kwezinselele, ikusasa lemboni ye-photovoltaic yasekhaya lisagcwele amathuba. Okokuqala, isiqondiso esicacile senqubomgomo sinikeza amathemba azinzile embonini. I-photovoltaic yasekhaya yabantu bemvelo izojabulela imodeli yokuthenga eqinisekisiwe ephelele ukuqinisekisa imbuyiselo ezinzile, kuyilapho i-photovoltaic yasekhaya yabantu abangebona abemvelo ikhuthazwa ukuba ixhunywe ngokugcwele kugridi futhi ixhume ugesi owengeziwe okhiqizwayo futhi osetshenziswa yibo, okukhuthaza kakhulu amandla emakethe. Ikakhulukazi, intuthuko esheshayo ye-photovoltaic yasekhaya yabantu abangebona abemvelo isibe yindlela eyinhloko njengamanje. Izifundazwe eziningi zamukele imodeli yokufaka izicelo zomuntu osemthethweni, eye yakhuthaza ukwenziwa kwemboni ibe yizinga elifanayo. Okwesibili, ukukhula okuqhubekayo kwesidingo semakethe kunikeza isikhala esibanzi sokuthuthukiswa kwe-photovoltaic yasekhaya. Njengoba isidingo samandla ahlanzekile sikhuphuka ezweni lonke, ikakhulukazi ukunikezwa kwamandla okuqinile ezindaweni ezisogwini oluseningizimu-mpumalanga ezithuthukile ngokomnotho, ukuzinza kwentengo kagesi yamaphrojekthi e-photovoltaic yasekhaya kuqinisekisiwe, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukisa ukuzethemba kwabatshalizimali. Kulindeleke ukuthi izinga lokufakwa kwe-photovoltaic yasekhaya kulo nyaka kulindeleke ukuthi lifinyelele ku-18GW, futhi imakethe igcwele amathemba amahle ngentuthuko yesikhathi esizayo.
Amathemba okuthengiselana okusekelwe emakethe
Inqubomgomo yokuthengiselana ezayo esekelwe emakethe izoba nomthelela omkhulu embonini ye-photovoltaic yasekhaya. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ingase ishukumise abanye abahlanganyeli abangancintisani kangako ukuba baphume emakethe futhi bakhuthaze ukusinda kwabanamandla embonini; ngakolunye uhlangothi, izophinde ishukumise imboni ukuthi ithuthuke ngendlela esebenza kahle futhi ehlelekile. Ngokujula kokuguqulwa kwemakethe yamandla, isilinganiso senzalo yangaphakathi esifanelekile (IRR) sikazwelonke samaphrojekthi e-photovoltaic yasekhaya kulindeleke ukuthi sizinze phakathi kuka-6% no-7%, sinikeze abatshalizimali amathemba okuthola inzuzo azinzile.
Ngokuvamile, amaphaneli elanga embonini yasekhaya asesikhathini esibucayi soguquko, enezinselele namathuba ahambisanayo. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, ababambiqhaza embonini kudingeka balondoloze ukuqonda okukhulu kwemakethe kanye nokuzethemba okuqinile, futhi bazivumelanise ngenkuthalo nezinguquko zemakethe kanye nokulungiswa kwenqubomgomo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuqinisa ubuchwepheshe obusha kanye nokulawulwa kwezindleko, kanye nokuthuthukisa ukuncintisana kanye nenzuzo yamaphrojekthi kuzoba yisihluthulelo sokufeza intuthuko esimeme. Ngikholwa ukuthi ngaphansi kokuqondiswa kwezinqubomgomo kanye nokuqhutshwa yisidingo semakethe, imboni ye-photovoltaic yasekhaya ngokuqinisekile izoletha ikusasa eliqhakazile.
