Amandla ayisisekelo esibalulekile sokukhiqiza nokuphila kwabantu, futhi ngokukhula kwesidingo samandla emhlabeni wonke kanye nokwanda kokushintsha kwesimo sezulu, ukusesha ezinye izindlela zamandla eziluhlaza nezisimeme kuye kwaba yinkinga enkulu emphakathini wanamuhla. Kulesi simo, ukuhlanganiswa kokugcinwa kwamandla kwe-photovoltaic kohlelo lwamandla lwe-zero-carbon njengohlobo olusha lwezinketho zokuhlinzekwa kwamandla, ukunaka okukhulu nokuhlola. Ikakhulukazi emapaki ezimboni, lapho kusetshenziswa khona inani elikhulu lamandla, ukusetshenziswa kohlelo lokugcina amandla lwe-photovoltaic oluhlanganisiwe akukwazi nje ukwandisa izinga lokuzimela kwamandla, kodwa futhi kunciphisa ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni, okunamandla amakhulu nokubaluleka okusebenzayo. Ngakho-ke, leli phepha lithatha uhlelo lwamandla lwe-zero-carbon lokugcinwa kwamandla kwe-photovoltaic okuhlanganisiwe epaki yezimboni njengento yocwaningo, lixoxa ngokusetshenziswa kwalo kanye nentuthuko, inhloso ukuhlinzeka ngereferensi ewusizo kanye nereferensi yokukhuthaza ukuqashelwa kwamandla e-zero-carbon kanye nokwenza ngcono ukuphathwa kwamandla emapaki ezimboni.
Okokuqala, isimiso kanye nesimo sentuthuko yobuchwepheshe be-photovoltaic kanye nokugcina amandla
1. Isimiso kanye nentuthuko yobuchwepheshe be-photovoltaic
Ubuchwepheshe be-Photovoltaic buwubuchwepheshe obuguqula amandla elanga abe ugesi ngokusebenzisa umphumela we-photoelectric we-List of semiconductor materials ukuguqula ukukhanya kwelanga kube ugesi oqondile. Esitokisini se-photovoltaic, esakhiwe izendlalelo ezimbili zama-semiconductor ezinto ezahlukene, lapho ukukhanya kushaya ukuxhumana phakathi kwezingqimba ezimbili, ama-photon angavuselela ama-electron kusuka emazingeni aphansi kuya kwaphezulu, okuholela ekwehlukeni okungenzeka, ukuze kwakheke ugesi.
2. Isimiso kanye nesimo sentuthuko yobuchwepheshe bokugcina amandla
Ubuchwepheshe bokugcina amandla bubhekisela kumandla abe yisimo sokugcina, futhi uma kudingeka ukuguqulwa kabusha kube ubuchwepheshe bamandla. Umgomo wayo oyinhloko ukuguqula amandla kagesi, oomatshini, amakhemikhali kanye nokushisa abe yisitoreji, njengamabhethri, ama-supercapacitor, umoya ocindezelwe, isitoreji se-hydraulic kanye nesitoreji sokushisa. Njengamanje, ubuchwepheshe bokugcina amandla sebube ubuchwepheshe obubalulekile obusekela amandla avuselelekayo, obusetshenziswa kakhulu ekulinganiseni ukunikezwa kwamandla kanye nesidingo, ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yokunikezwa kwamandla, ukuthuthukisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphumelelayo kanye nokubhekana nesidingo samandla esiphezulu. Ngokuthuthuka kobuchwepheshe kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwezimo zokusetshenziswa, amathuba okusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe bokugcina amandla ayanda.
Okwesibili, isidingo kanye nokubaluleka kokwakhiwa kwesistimu yamandla angenawo ugesi emapaki ezimboni
I-Industrial Park iyifomu lenhlangano yezomnotho yesifunda lapho imboni ihola khona, igxile, inamandla futhi ihlelekile. Ngenxa yokuthi ipaki yezimboni inezici zokusetshenziswa kwamandla okukhulu, okuphezulu kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamandla okugxilile, isidingo sayo samandla sikhulu kakhulu. Izindlela zendabuko zokuphakelwa kwamandla, njengokukhiqizwa kwamandla ngamalahle kanye nokukhiqizwa kwamandla ngamafutha, azikwazi ukuhlangabezana nesidingo esikhulayo samandla, futhi zizoba nomthelela omubi omkhulu emvelweni, zikhulise inkinga yokushintsha kwesimo sezulu emhlabeni jikelele. Ukuze kufezwe intuthuko eqhubekayo yamapaki ezimboni, kuvikelwe imvelo, kuncishiswe ukusetshenziswa kwamandla, ukwakhiwa kohlelo lwamandla olungenakhabhoni sekuyisinqumo esidingekayo. Izinhlelo zamandla ezingenakhabhoni azikwazi nje ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zamandla zamapaki ezimboni, kodwa futhi zihlanganise amandla avuselelekayo, ukugcinwa kwamandla, ukuphathwa kwamandla kanye nobunye ubuchwepheshe ukuze kufezwe ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphumelelayo kanye nokusebenza komnotho, kunganciphisa nokukhishwa kwamagesi ashisa ukushisa kanye nokungcola kwemvelo futhi kufezwe intuthuko eqhubekayo.
Okwesithathu, ukuhlelwa kohlelo lwamandla olungenakhabhoni lwesitoreji samandla se-photovoltaic esihlanganisiwe epaki yezimboni
1. Ukuhlela izinhlelo zokuphehla ugesi nge-photovoltaic
Ukuze kufakwe uhlelo lwe-PV, ukufakwa komhlabathi ngokuvamile kufaneleka epaki yezimboni enendawo eningi, futhi ukufakwa kophahla kungasebenzisa kahle isikhala sophahla lwesitshalo sepaki yezimboni, konge izinsiza zomhlaba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-photovoltaic ahlanganiswe yisakhiwo selanga angasetshenziswa ukuhlanganisa amaseli elanga ezindongeni zangaphandle zesakhiwo noma esakhiweni sophahla, okuvumela ukuhlanganiswa kwamandla e-photovoltaic kanye nesakhiwo ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwesikhala. Ngokusho kokukhetha uhlelo lokugcina amandla, uhlelo lokugcina amandla e-photovoltaic oluhlanganisiwe epaki yezimboni lungasebenzisa izinhlobo ezahlukene zemishini yokugcina amandla, njengephakethe lebhethri, i-Super Capacitor. Iphakethe lebhethri linobuningi bamandla aphezulu kanye nomthamo wokugcina isikhathi eside, kuyilapho i-super capacitor inezici zokushaja okusheshayo, impilo ende kanye nokugcinwa okulula. Ekwakhiweni kohlelo lokugcina amandla, kubalulekile ukucabangela isidingo samandla okukhipha kanye nomthwalo wohlelo lokukhiqiza amandla e-photovoltaic, nokukhetha imishini yokugcina amandla efanele kanye nomthamo wokugcina amandla ukuze kufezwe isimo sokusebenza esifanele sohlelo lokugcina amandla e-photovoltaic oluhlanganisiwe. Ukuze ukhethe uhlelo lokuqapha nokuphatha, kuyadingeka ukukhetha imishini yokuqapha ethembekile kakhulu futhi enembile, njenge-UAV, i-iot, i-big data, njll. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kuyadingeka ukuklama uhlelo lokuphatha ukusebenza olufanele, okuhlanganisa ukulungiswa kwemishini, ukuxazulula izinkinga, ukuhlela ukusebenza, njll., ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle kohlelo.
2. Ukuhlela uhlelo lokugcina amandla
Uhlelo lokugcina amandla luhlelwe ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uhlelo lungagcina futhi lukhulule amandla uma kudingeka, kanye nokulinganisela ukuguquguquka kokukhiqizwa kwamandla e-photovoltaic ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zamapaki ezimboni. Ukuhlela uhlelo lokugcina amandla kudinga ukucabangela izici eziningi, okuhlanganisa uhlobo lohlelo lokugcina amandla, umthamo wokugcina amandla, ukusebenza kahle kokugcina amandla kanye nesikhathi sokugcina amandla. Izinhlobo zezinhlelo zokugcina amandla zingakhethwa ngokuya ngomthwalo wamandla kanye nezici zepaki, njengokugcina ibhethri, isitoreji se-ultracapacitor, isitoreji somoya ocindezelwe, isitoreji se-hydraulic, njll. . Izinhlobo ezahlukene zezinhlelo zokugcina amandla zinezici ezahlukene kanye nezimo ezisebenzayo, kufanele zisekelwe esidingweni sangempela ongakhetha kuso. Umthamo wokugcina kufanele wanele ukuhlangabezana nomthwalo omkhulu wepaki, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uhlelo lokugcina lunganikeza ugesi owanele uma kwenzeka ukushoda kwamandla e-photovoltaic. Ukusebenza kahle kokugcina amandla kunquma ukulahleka kokugcinwa nokukhululwa kwamandla, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukukhetha imishini yokugcina amandla esebenza kahle kanye nohlelo lokulawula ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle kohlelo lokugcina amandla. Isikhathi sokugcina amandla kufanele sinqunywe ngokuya ngezici zomthwalo wamandla kanye nokukhiqizwa kwamandla e-photovoltaic ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uhlelo lokugcina amandla lungahlangabezana nesidingo samandla sepaki. Ngaphezu kwalezi zici ezingenhla, ukuhlela uhlelo lokugcina amandla kudinga futhi ukucabangela ukuthembeka kohlelo, ukuphepha, izindleko kanye nokugcinwa. Imishini kanye nohlelo lokulawula uhlelo lokugcina amandla olunokwethenjelwa okuphezulu, ukuphepha okuhle, izindleko eziphansi kanye nokugcinwa okulula kufanele kukhethwe ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzile kwesikhathi eside kohlelo. Ngamafuphi, ukuhlela uhlelo lokugcina amandla kuyinqubo eyinkimbinkimbi, kudingeka kusekelwe kumthwalo kagesi wepaki kanye nesidingo samandla ukuze kunqunywe, ngesikhathi esifanayo, uhlobo, umthamo, ukusebenza kahle, isikhathi, ukuthembeka, ukuphepha, izindleko kanye nokugcinwa kohlelo lokugcina amandla kucatshangelwa ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzile kwesikhathi eside kohlelo, ukuhlinzeka ngezinsizakalo zamandla ezingezona ikhabhoni ezisebenzayo nezithembekile zamapaki ezimboni.
3. Ukuhlela uhlelo lokuphatha amandla
Uhlelo Lokuphathwa Kwamandla Oluhlakaniphile luyingxenye ebalulekile yohlelo lwamandla oluhlanganisa isitoreji samandla se-photovoltaic oluyi-zero-carbon. Lungalawula kahle uhlelo ngokuqapha nokuhlaziya ngesikhathi sangempela uhlelo lokukhiqizwa kwamandla e-photovoltaic kanye nohlelo lokugcina amandla, futhi luthuthukise ukusebenza kahle kanye nokusebenza kahle kokusetshenziswa kwamandla kohlelo. Imisebenzi eyinhloko yohlelo lokuphathwa kwamandla ifaka phakathi ukutholwa kwedatha, ukuhlaziywa kwedatha, ukulawulwa kokulawula, ukuxilongwa kwamaphutha kanye nokuphathwa kokugcinwa. Esicini sokutholwa kwedatha, uhlelo lokuphathwa kwamandla lungalawula kanye nokutholwa kwedatha ngesikhathi sangempela kohlelo lokukhiqizwa kwamandla e-photovoltaic kanye nohlelo lokugcina amandla, futhi luthole idatha yesimo sokusebenza kohlelo, ukukhishwa kwamandla, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla njalo njalo. Esicini sokuhlaziywa kwedatha, uhlelo lokuphathwa kwamandla lungacubungula futhi luhlaziye idatha, luthole izinkinga ohlelweni futhi luthuthukise isikhala, futhi lunikeze isisekelo sokwenza izinqumo sokusebenza nokuphathwa kohlelo. Esicini sokulawula kanye nokulawula, uhlelo lokuphathwa kwamandla lungalawula ukusebenza okuhlanganisiwe phakathi kokukhiqiza amandla e-photovoltaic kanye nohlelo lokugcina amandla, futhi luphathe futhi luthumele ukukhiqizwa, ukugcinwa, ukusatshalaliswa kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamandla. Esicini sokuxilongwa kwamaphutha nokuphathwa kokugcinwa, uhlelo lokuphathwa kwamandla lungafeza ukuxilongwa kwamaphutha nokuphathwa kokugcinwa, futhi luthuthukise ukuthembeka nokuphepha kohlelo. Ngaphezu kwemisebenzi eyisisekelo okukhulunywe ngayo ngenhla, uhlelo lokuphathwa kwamandla lungafeza nokuqapha nokusebenza kude, futhi lufeze ukuqapha nokuphathwa kude kwezinhlelo zokugcina amandla ze-photovoltaic emhlabeni wonke ngokusebenzisa i-cloud computing kanye ne-Internet of Things Technology. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, uhlelo lokuphathwa kwamandla lungafeza nokusebenza kahle kohlelo ngokusebenzisa ubuhlakani bokwenziwa, ukuhlaziywa kwedatha enkulu kanye nobunye ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe.
Kuleli phepha, kufundwa ukusetshenziswa kohlelo lwamandla oluhlanganisiwe lwe-zero-carbon lokugcina amandla e-photovoltaic epaki yezimboni, futhi ubuchwepheshe obubalulekile nezindlela zokusebenzisa zokukhiqizwa kwamandla e-photovoltaic, uhlelo lokugcina amandla kanye nohlelo lokuphatha amandla kuhlaziywa ngokuhlelekile, ukuqashelwa kobuchwepheshe, ukwakheka kohlelo kanye nezindlela zokwenza ngcono kuxoxwa ngokuningiliziwe. Sikholelwa ukuthi imibono yokuhlela kanye nokuklama evezwe kuleli phepha inganikeza imibono nezindlela ezintsha zokuthuthukiswa kwamandla ahlanzekile ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanayo zokusetshenziswa. Esikhathini esizayo, sizothuthukisa ucwaningo ngokuhlanganiswa kokugcinwa kwamandla e-photovoltaic nezinhlelo zamandla ze-zero-carbon, siqinise ukuhlanganiswa namaphrojekthi asebenzayo, futhi sikhuthaze ukusetshenziswa kanye nokukhuthazwa kwamandla ahlanzekile, ukuze sibe negalelo elikhulu ekuthuthukisweni okusimeme kwamandla omhlaba wonke.
