1. Izimiso eziyisisekelo zokukhiqizwa kwamandla e-photovoltaic
Umphumela we-Photovoltaic: Lena yindlela eyinhloko yokukhiqizwa kwamandla e-photovoltaic. Lapho ama-photon ekukhanyeni kwelanga ethinta izinto ze-semiconductor (njenge-silicon), amandla ama-photon amuncwa ama-electron ku-semiconductor. Uma amandla ama-photon ephezulu ngokwanele, lawa ma-electron azonqoba imingcele engaphakathi kwezinto futhi ashiye ubuso bezinto, ngaleyo ndlela akhiqize ugesi.
Amaseli elanga: Amaseli elanga ayizingxenye eziyinhloko zokukhiqizwa kwamandla e-photovoltaic, futhi akhiwe ngezinto eziningi ze-semiconductor (njenge-silicon) ukwakha i-pn junction. Lapho ukukhanya kwelanga kushaya le pn junction, kuvela umehluko ongaba khona phakathi kwesifunda se-p kanye nesifunda se-n, ngaleyo ndlela kukhiqizwe ugesi.
2. Ukwakheka kohlelo lokuphehla ugesi lwe-photovoltaic
Imodyuli yamaseli elanga: Iphaneli ye-photovoltaic eyakhiwe amayunithi amaningi amaseli elanga axhunywe ochungechungeni noma ngokulingana, asetshenziselwa ukumunca ukukhanya kwelanga nokukhiqiza ugesi.
Umlawuli: Unomthwalo wemfanelo wokuphatha ukusebenza kohlelo lonke lwe-photovoltaic, okuhlanganisa nokushaja ibhethri kanye nokulawula ukukhipha ibhethri.
I-Inverter: Iguqula ugesi oqondile okhiqizwa amaseli elanga ube ugesi oshintshanayo ukuze usetshenziswe emakhaya, emabhizinisini noma kugridi kagesi.
3. Izici ezithinta ukukhiqizwa kwamandla e-photovoltaic
Ukukhanya kwelanga: Ukukhiqizwa kwamandla e-photovoltaic kudinga ukukhanya kwelanga ukuze kukhiqizwe ugesi. Kodwa-ke, izici ezifana nokuqina kokukhanya kwelanga, isikhathi sokuvezwa, kanye nokusebenza kahle kwamaseli elanga kungathinta inani lamandla akhiqizwayo. Isibonelo, ukungabi namandla okukhanya noma ukumbozwa kwamafu kuzonciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwamandla.
Ezinye izimo: Ukusebenza kwezinhlelo zokuphehla ugesi nge-photovoltaic kuthinteka yizici ezifana nokushisa okuzungezile, i-engeli yokufaka, kanye nezithunzi. Isibonelo, amazinga okushisa aphezulu anganciphisa ukusebenza kahle kwamaseli elanga; ama-engeli okufakwa angafanele angavimbela ukukhanya ekukhanyiseni ngokuphelele amaphaneli; futhi izithunzi zingavimbela izingxenye ezifakwe umthunzi ekukhiqizeni ugesi.
Ngamafuphi, nakuba ukukhiqizwa kwamandla e-photovoltaic kuncike ekukhanyeni kwelanga, ukukhiqizwa kwamandla kwangempela kuthinteka yizici eziningi. Ekusetshenzisweni okungokoqobo, kuyadingeka ukwenza ngcono ukwakheka kwesistimu kanye nokucushwa kwayo ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kanye nokusebenza kahle kwezinhlelo zokukhiqizwa kwamandla e-photovoltaic. Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe kanye nokunciphisa izindleko, ukukhiqizwa kwamandla e-photovoltaic kunethuba eliqhakazile futhi eliqhakazile emkhakheni wamandla avuselelekayo.
