Menene ma'anar batirin TOPCon?
Cikakken sunan TOPCon shine Tunnel Oxide Passivating Contacts, wanda ke fassara zuwa Tunneling Oxide Passivated Contacts, fasahar silinon wafer cell na N-type da aka gabatar a shekarar 2013. Kwayoyin TOPCon, watau Tunneling Oxide Passivated Contacts ƙwayoyin hasken rana, an tsara su ne don inganta ingancin ƙwayoyin rana ta hanyar magance matsalar zaɓin passivation na masu ɗaukar kaya a cikin tantanin halitta.
Tsarin gaban tantanin halitta na TOPCon da tsarin tantanin rana na N-type na yau da kullun iri ɗaya ne, babban bambanci a bayan tantanin halitta don shirya Layer na silicon oxide mai siriri sosai, sannan kuma siririn Layer na adibas na silicon, duka biyun tare suna samar da tsarin lamba mai wucewa, wanda ke rage yawan haɗin saman da haɗin ƙarfe.
Saboda kyakkyawan tasirin passivation na silicon oxide mai siriri sosai da kuma fim ɗin silicon mai yawan digo yana sa madaurin makamashin saman silicon wafer su samar da lanƙwasa, don haka suna samar da tasirin passivation na filin, damar electron ramin ya ƙaru sosai, juriyar hulɗa yana raguwa, kuma a ƙarshe yana inganta ingancin juyawa.
Me yasa TOPCon ke maye gurbin fasahar PERC?
A shekarar 2023, masana'antar PV ta shaida wani muhimmin ci gaba tare da ƙara ƙarfin samar da TOPCon sama da 400GW. Ana sa ran fasahar TOPCon za ta zarce PERC ta gargajiya don zama sabuwar fasahar zamani nan da shekarar 2024. Dangane da samarwa, ana sa ran samar da TOPCon zai kai kimanin 100GW a wannan shekarar, wanda ya kai kashi 20%-30% na jimillar samar da ƙwayoyin PV. A matsayin hanyar ƙwayoyin N mafi inganci, ana ɗaukar ƙwayoyin TOPCon a matsayin masu inganci da ƙarancin ƙarfin samarwa, kuma yanayin wadatar da ke wuce buƙata zai ci gaba a duk shekara. Tare da ci gaba da inganta ingancin batirin TOPCon, ana sa ran sararin batirin N-type TOPCon zai ƙara faɗaɗa, wanda zai yi tasiri mai kyau ga ci gaban kasuwancin kamfanonin da suka dace.
Batirin nau'in N bai riga ya fahimci babban batun faɗaɗa samar da kayayyaki ba shine ingancinsa da batirin nau'in P ba su buɗe babban gibi tsakanin farashin da ba na silicon ba na kashi 30% -40% fiye da batirin PERC. Ingancin batirin PERC ya kusa kusa da rufin, sararin rage farashin sarari ya kasance kaɗan, amma ingancin batirin TOPCon don ingantawa har yanzu yana da babban yuwuwa. A cewar bayanan PV Infolink, farashin ƙwayoyin TOPCon na yanzu wanda ba na silicon ba yana kusa da $0.3 kowace watt, idan aka kwatanta da farashin manyan ƙwayoyin PERC tsakanin $0.21-0.23 kowace watt, kuma har yanzu akwai gibi. Duk da haka, tare da ci gaba da ƙoƙari, farashin samar da ƙwayoyin TOPCon zai kusanci matakin ƙwayoyin PERC a hankali.
Menene fa'idodin batirin TOPCon?
1. Fa'idar passivation: aikin passivation na saman ya dogara ne akan passivation na sinadarai da passivation na filin, haɓakar zafi na SiO2 yana da kyakkyawan ikon passivation na sinadarai. Yin amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi masu yawa a cikin polysilicon na iya sa ƙungiyar makamashi ta silicon ta lanƙwasa, wanda ke haifar da tarin yawancin masu ɗaukar kaya da raguwar masu ɗaukar kaya marasa rinjaye a mahaɗin, yana rage haɗakar kuma yana taka rawar passivation na filin.
2. Fa'idar da ke tattare da haɗakar ƙarfe: haɗakar ƙarfe ta zama ginshiƙin da ke iyakance ingancin tsarin hasken rana na yau da kullun. Masana'antu na haɗakar ƙarfe yawanci shine buga allo bayan yin sintering mai zafi, tsarin sintering mai zafi mai zafi zai "saka" poly-Si don samar da "huda" (Spiking), yana lalata passivation na tsarin hulɗa, wanda ke haifar da yankin hulɗar ƙarfe na J0c ya fi girma a yankin hulɗar ƙarfe fiye da yankin da aka yi sintering. Amma p + poly da n + haɗin hulɗar ƙarfe na poly, koda kuwa "huda" zai lalata tsarin hulɗar passivation na akwati na iya sa haɗin ƙarfe ya fi ƙasa da filin emitter / baya na gargajiya.
3. Fa'idar juriyar hulɗar ƙarfe: Baya ga haɗakar hulɗar ƙarfe, juriyar hulɗar ƙarfe-semiconductor (ρc) kuma yana da mahimmanci ga aikin na'urar ƙwayoyin hasken rana na silicon mai lu'ulu'u, ƙarfe-semiconductor don samar da kyakkyawar hulɗar ohmic don taimakawa rage asarar juriya da inganta yanayin cikawa.
