Mākete PV o Hapani

Te Mākete PV o Hapani: Te Puāwaitanga i Waenganui i ngā Wero
E ai ki te Manatū Ōhanga, Tauhokohoko me te Ahumahi (METI), kua tino piki haere te whanaketanga o te pūngao o te rā ki Hapani, ā, neke atu i te 6.7 GW o ngā kaupapa photovoltaic (PV) kua whakaaetia i waenga i te Hōngongoi 2022 me te Hanuere 2023. Neke atu i te 47 ōrau o ēnei kaupapa e neke atu ana i te 1 megawatt (MW), ā, e kiia ana ko "Mega Solar." I a Hapani e ahu whakamua ana me ēnei whakaurunga pūngao rā nui, ka ara ake ngā pātai mō te kaha ki te piki hei mākete PV tuarua nui rawa atu o te ao. Ahakoa te tumanako, he maha tonu ngā wero, inā koa mō te kaha me te pumau o te whatunga hiko.

Ngā Take Whatunga me ngā Rerekētanga Rohe
I te mea kei te kawe mai a Hapani i ngā kaupapa nui o te hiko pūngao rā ki te ipurangi, kua noho te kaha o te whatunga hiko hei āwangawanga nui. I kōrero a Hokkaido Power Electric Company, tētahi o ngā kamupene hiko a Hapani e pupuri ana i ngā kaipupuri moni, ko te kaha tuku hiko tino teitei mō ngā pūnaha PV neke atu i te 2 MW kua herea ki te 400 MW. I te 31 o Poutū-te-rangi, kua tae mai ngā tono ki te kamupene hiko, e whā ngā wā katoa o tēnei kaha. Nō reira, e toru hauwhā o ngā kaupapa i tonoa kāore e taea te uru atu ki te whatunga hiko, me whakaiti rānei i tō rātou tauine. Kua whakamōhio a Hokkaido ki ngā kaitono kaupapa nui mō tēnei ngoikoretanga o te kaha o te whatunga hiko. Kua akiaki a METI i ngā kaiwhakawhanake kaupapa kia whakaarohia ngā rohe iti ake te kikī mō ngā whanaketanga hiko pūngao rā hou.

Ko te rohe o Hokkaido, me ōna whenua e wātea ana, ā, he iti te utu, e 25 ōrau o ngā kaupapa PV nunui kua whakaaetia i raro i te kaupapa Feed-in Tariff (FIT) ā-motu, ahakoa he iti iho i te 3 ōrau o te tono hiko ā-motu e mahi ana te kamupene hiko. E whakaatu ana tēnei kore taurite ā-rohe i te hiahia kia nui ake te tohatoha rautaki o ngā kaupapa pūngao rā hei whakapai ake i te whakamahinga o te whatunga hiko me te pupuri i te pumau.

Ngā Whakarerekētanga FIT me ngā Huringa Ture
E whakahau ana te FIT ā-motu i ngā kamupene hiko kia whakarato urunga ki te whatunga hiko me te hoko i te hiko katoa i whakaputaina mai i ngā pūnaha whakahou, engari me ētahi tūponotanga. Heoi, hei whakarite i te pumau o te whatunga hiko, i pānuitia e te METI ngā mahere ohorere i te 17 o Paenga-whāwhā, kia nui ake ai te whai wāhitanga o ngā kamupene hiko ki te whakawhāiti, ki te whakakore rānei i te urunga ki te whatunga hiko. I roto i ngā ture FIT taketake he ture utu 30-rā, me utu e ngā kamupene hiko ngā kaiwhakawhanake whakahou mēnā ka tonoa rātou kia whakawhāiti i te whakaputa hiko mō ngā rā neke atu i te 30 i te tau. Kei te whakaaro te METI ki te tango i tēnei whakaritenga utu, ā, e tumanakohia ana ka puta he whakatau whakamutunga i waenganui o Mei.

Ngā Kaupapa Nui me ngā Āhuatanga o te Ao kei te heke mai
Ko tētahi o ngā kaupapa PV nui rawa atu i Hapani he kaupapa 400-MW (AC) i te moutere o Ukujima i te takiwa o Nagasaki, i whakawhanakehia e te kamupene Tiamana Photovolt Development Partners GmbH. I whakaaetia e METI i te marama o Poutū-te-rangi i mua i te whakahekenga o te reiti FIT mai i te ¥40/kWh ki te ¥36/kWh, ka wehea te kaupapa i roto i ētahi wāhanga. Ka tukuna te hiko e whakaputaina ana ki te tuawhenua o Kyushu mā te taura hiko tere-teitei i raro i te moana, hei whakatika i ngā rerekētanga tono ā-rohe. Ko te Kamupene Hiko Hiko o Kyushu, kua whakaae ki te neke atu i te 800 MW o ngā kaupapa Mega Solar, e 25 ōrau o te katoa o te motu. Ahakoa ngā āwangawanga mō te kaha o te whatunga, kāore anō te kamupene kia whakapuaki i tētahi herenga urunga.

Te Whakawhiti Pūngao i Muri i te Fukushima
Whai muri i te Āhuatanga Āwhati-Nui o Fukushima i te marama o Poutū-te-rangi 2011, kua whai a Hapani ki te whakakapi i te mana karihi ki te hau māori me ētahi atu puna pūngao. Ko te FIT te mea nui ki te whakanui ake i te ranunga pūngao o Hapani. Heoi, ko te whakatutuki i tēnei, ehara i te mea me nui te kaha o te whatunga hiko engari me whakakore hoki i te urunga atu ki ngā kaihanga hiko hou. I kī tētahi kaiwhakawhanake ā-rohe, "Ko te hunga tuatahi ka tae mai, ko te hunga tuatahi ka whiwhi. Ki te tere tāu mahi, ka taea e koe te toa," e whakaatu ana i te āhua whakataetae o te mākete. I whakaritea e tētahi atu te āhuatanga ki ngā wero kaupapa here pūngao whakahou o Pāniora, e whakaatu ana i ngā mahanga pea i roto i te huarahi a Hapani.

Ko te kaupapa FIT a Hapani, i whai i tā Tiamana, e whai ana ki te whakatū i tētahi mākete PV pumau. I te mea kei te haere tonu te kāwanatanga ki te urupare me te whakatakoto ture hou hei whakautu i ngā wero e puta ake ana, kei te tūpono te whakahoki i te huringa pikinga-me-te-paheketanga i kitea i Pāniora, i te wā kāore i tutuki te tipu pumau. Ko ngā whakarerekētanga tonu me ngā mahi matatau ka nui te hiranga ki te whakatau i te angitu me te pumau mō te wā roa o te mākete PV o Hapani.