Hei pakihi pūngao whakahou e matomato ana, e whanake tonu ana, kei te pōturi haere ngā tono photovoltaic ki ngā wāhanga katoa o te oranga o te tangata. Kei te whānui haere te mara tono mō te whakaputa hiko o te rā, mai i ngā pūnaha photovoltaic tohatoha mō ngā kāinga ki ngā mea mō ngā pakihi me ngā ahumahi, mai i te tāuta i ngā tipu hiko o te rā ki runga i ngā tuanui me ngā whenua takoto kau ki te waihanga i ngā momo taputapu photovoltaic iti.
1. He pūngao whakaahua e honoa ana ki te tuanui tipu arumoni me te ahumahi
He pai ngā rauemi tuanui mō ngā whare hanga nui, ngā mekameka hoko kai, me ngā pakihi tūmataiti mai i te tirohanga pakihi. Nā te mea he nui te hiko e whakamahia ana e te nuinga o ēnei pakihi, tera pea ka nui te hua mena ka whakamahia te tuanui hiko me te whakaaro nui. Hei tāpiri, nā te mea he mana whenua roa tō tēnei momo pakihi—neke atu i te 20 tau te roa—he pai ake mō te whakawhanake i ngā megawatts i runga ake i ngā tipu hiko tuanui nui. Ka āwhina tēnei i te pakihi ehara i te mea ki te whakaoti rapanga hiko anake engari he nui hoki te painga ki te ōhanga pāpori me te taiao.
Nā te nui o ngā tuanui papatahi, te teitei o ngā utu hiko, me te nui o te whakamahinga hiko o ngā whare ahumahi me ngā whare arumoni, he nui te kaha kua tāutahia me te whakaputa hiko. Hei tāpiri, he pai ake ngā haumitanga mai i te tirohanga haumitanga ki te whakaurunga o ngā tipu hiko ahumahi me ngā whare arumoni. Mā te tāuta i ngā tipu hiko photovoltaic ki ngā tuanui arumoni me ngā whare arumoni ka āwhina i te whakaiti i ngā utu hiko teitei, te whakarato moni whiwhi pai mai i ngā pire hiko, me te whakaora anō i ngā rawa pumau. Ka taea hoki e ia te whakaiti i ngā pāmahana o roto o te wheketere me te whakatenatena i te whakaiti i te pūngao me ngā tukunga.
2. Teihana Tūāpapa mō te Whakawhitiwhiti Kōrero Photovoltaic
Me whakarite e te China Tower Group kia mau tonu te tuku hiko i te ao, i te pō, nā te mea neke atu i te 1.9 miriona ngā teihana turanga kei a rātou, he maha o ēnei he teihana turanga whakawhitiwhiti kōrero me te horapa whānui. Mēnā kāore he pūnaha photovoltaic tohatoha e wātea ana, me tīmata e ngā kaimahi he mīhini whakaputa hiko tīhi hei whakarato i tētahi pūtake hiko rangitahi. He utu nui te whakahaere me te tiaki i ngā mīhini whakaputa hiko tīhi, engari he tino nui te uara tāutanga ina honoa ki ngā pūnaha whakaputa hiko photovoltaic tohatoha.
Ka whakamaua ngā pūwhakawhiti hiko me ngā pouaka whakakotahi ki ngā pakitara o te rūma taputapu, ko ngā panera photovoltaic ia ka whakatakotoria ki te tuanui o te rūma taputapu, ki te wāhi tuwhera e karapoti ana, me ngā pou hiko.
Ina pai te rangi, ka whakamahia e te teihana turanga ngā pūnaha photovoltaic hei hanga hiko; ina pōuri, ina ua, ka whakamahia te hiko; ina kino te rangi, ā, ka motu te hiko, ka whakamahia te hiko pākahiko. Mā te mahi i tēnei, ka roa ake te ora o te pākahiko.
3. Te tipu wai (te tipu maimoatanga para/te tipu purenga wai) me te photovoltaic
Kua tukuna e te Manatū Whare me te Hanganga ngā raraunga e whakaatu ana kua kohia e te motu neke atu i te 4000 ngā whare horoi parakaingaki me te tata ki te 4000 ngā whare horoi wai. He nui ngā wāhi o ngā momo whare e rua kua whakatapua ki ngā puna horoi wai. Hei tāpiri, he nui te hiko toharite e pau ana i ia tau o ngā whare horoi parakaingaki. He nui ngā painga pūtea mā te tāuta i ngā pūngao hiko photovoltaic; ka whakamahia e ngā kaupapa whakaputa hiko photovoltaic ngā tuanui o ngā whare horoi parakaingaki, tae atu ki ngā tāke parapara, ngā tāke matū koiora, me ngā puna whakapā. I runga ake nei, he nui ngā painga o te tāuta i ngā panera photovoltaic solar mō te wāhi. Hei tāpiri, nā te mea ko te nuinga o ngā whare horoi parakaingaki kei te mana o te kāwanatanga ā-rohe, ka whakaritehia te haere tonu o te pakihi.
4. Te hiko o te rā me te papa waka/whare waka
Ko tētahi o ngā huarahi māmā me te tino whai hua ki te whakauru ki tētahi whare ko te taunga waka photovoltaic. Mā te whakauru i te photovoltaic ki ngā taunga waka, ngā ara raro, me ētahi atu wāhi, me ngā pou utu me ētahi atu whakaurunga, ka taea te whakarei ake i te tere whānui o te whakamahinga o te wāhi tāone engari ka pai ake hoki te haere o te tangata. Mā te ārai rā, te tiaki ua, me te kaha mimiti wera, kei te piki haere te rongonui o ngā taunga waka photovoltaic hei puna pūngao whakahou mō ngā hōhipera, ngā kura, ngā wāhi pakihi, ngā papa ahumahi, me ngā waka pūhiko. He maha ngā momo whāriki taunga waka photovoltaic. Ko ngā mea tuku iho kua whakarōpūtia hei pou kotahi-ahunga kotahi, pou rua-ahunga kotahi, pou rua-ahunga kotahi, me ētahi atu. Ko te pūnaha whāriki, te rarangi kōwae pūhiko, te pūnaha whakawhiti rama me te whakahaere, te pūnaha taputapu utu, te pūnaha tiaki uira, me te pūnaha whenua ko ngā wāhanga nui o te taunga waka photovoltaic. Ko ngā wāhanga matua o te pūnaha tautoko ko ngā here o te waeine pākahiko, ngā poroporo e piri ana ki ngā kurupae whakarara hei tautoko i te waeine pūtau rā, ngā pou tautoko, me ngā kurupae whakarara e mau ana i waenganui i ngā pou tautoko.
5. Teihana Hiko o te Rā + Teihana Penehīni
Kua piki haere te maha o ngā kamupene hinu nui kua uru mai ki te rāngai pūngao hou i ngā tau tata nei. Kua tīmata ngā kamupene hinu pēnei i a Sinopec, PetroChina, me Shell ki te hoahoa i ngā kaupapa teihana penehīni PV i Haina. Ka whakaatuhia hoki e ngā teihana penehīni PV he ara hou mō te whanaketanga hei hua o ngā kaupapa whakamātautau maha a ngā kamupene pūngao tuku iho e angitu ana te mahi. Kei te whakataetae hoki ngā kamupene hinu nui mō ngā wāhi wera hou tae atu ki ngā puranga utu, te whakaurunga whare photovoltaic, me ngā waka pūngao hou.
WhakaahuaNō nā tata nei, i hangaia he teihana hiko photovoltaic ki runga i te teihana penehīni i te South Ring Road o Hangzhou. E rua ngā rarangi pou o te tuanui o te teihana penehīni, ā, he mea hanga ki te maitai whakairo. E 630 m2 te katoa o ngā taera maitai tae e hanga ana i te tuanui o te tuanui. E 176 ngā wāhanga o ngā kōwae silicon polycrystalline 285Wp katoa, me ngā aho kōwae e 8 kua tāutahia, ā, ko te kaha katoa o te 50.16kWp. Hei tāpiri, kotahi te huinga o ngā inverters aho 50kW kua tāutahia ki tēnei kaupapa, e hono ana ki te whatunga hiko mā te "whakaputa-ake me te whakamahi-ake, me te hiko e toe ana ka ipurangi." "Te whakaputa-ake me te whakamahi-ake i te hiko toenga i runga i te Ipurangi" hei huarahi hononga whatunga. I runga i ngā raraunga tuatahi, he iti rawa te 130,000 ngā teihana penehīni o te motu. Ki te mea kua tāutahia e te haurua o ēnei teihana he pūnaha photovoltaic tohatoha 10kW, kua hangaia e te motu he 650,000kW te uara o ngā kaupapa photovoltaic tohatoha!
6. Pokapū Mekameka/Whare Putunga/PV+Ngā Ratonga Rohe
Mā te hanga i tētahi umanga kawe waka, i tētahi umanga pūngao hou, me te hokohoko īpurangi i runga i tētahi o ngā tūāpapa ratonga tūmatanui me ngā tūāpapa ratonga tuwhera, me te whakatipu me te whakatipu i ngā hinonga pakihi, ngā hinonga hokohoko īpurangi, me ngā hinonga kawe waka, ka taea te waihanga i tētahi pūnaha pakihi matomato motuhake. Ka taea ngā pokapū kawe waka nā te whanaketanga o ngā papa ahumahi, te whanaketanga pūngao hou, me te whakakotahitanga rauropi o te Ipurangi.
E whakaponohia ana kua hangaia te Cainiao Network Logistics Park kia wehea te whenua tata ki te 20,000 eka, me te whānui o te tuanui e kiia ana he neke atu i te 5 miriona mita pūrua, me te whānui e wātea ana he neke atu i te 4 miriona mita pūrua. E matapaetia ana ka taea te hanga i te tipu hiko ki te kaha neke atu i te 300 megawatts. I te marama o Poutū-te-rangi 2017, i panuitia e Jingdong he panuitanga i ohorere ai te umanga mā te panuitanga ka hangaia e Jingdong Logistics he tipu hiko photovoltaic tohatoha 800MW ki runga i te 8 miriona mita pūrua o te wāhi tuanui. Hei tāpiri, ko te whakaurunga o te hangarau PV ki ngā tuanui me te whenua kāore i te whakamahia o ngā whare whakahaere me ngā whare rokiroki maha kei te motu ka hua mai he painga ōhanga me te taiao nui.
