Pakusintha kosalekeza kwa ukadaulo wa photovoltaic, maselo a dzuwa a chalcogenide, monga oyimira m'badwo wachitatu wa ukadaulo wa photovoltaic, akhala chidwi chachikulu m'munda wa kafukufuku wasayansi ndi mafakitale chifukwa cha zabwino zawo zapadera komanso kuthekera kwawo kwakukulu. Posachedwapa, gulu lofufuza lotsogozedwa ndi Pulofesa Yuan Mingjian ku Sukulu ya Chemistry ku Yunivesite ya Nankai lapanga chitukuko chachikulu pakufufuza maselo a dzuwa a chalcogenide, omwe alowetsa mphamvu zatsopano pakukula kwa gawoli.
Ubwino wapadera wa maselo a dzuwa a chalcogenide
Chalcogenide ndi gulu la zinthu zomwe zili ndi kapangidwe kake kapadera ka kristalo, komwe kamagwiritsidwa ntchito m'maselo atsopano a dzuwa ndi zida zina za semiconductor. Chifukwa chomwe maselo a dzuwa a chalcogenide akope chidwi chachikulu ndi chifukwa cha zabwino zotsatirazi:
1. Kusinthasintha ndi kugwirizana:Zipangizo za Chalcocite zimakhala ndi kusinthasintha kwabwino, zimatha kukonzedwa kukhala mabatire osinthasintha, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito m'njira zina zapadera, monga zida zovalidwa, zinthu zamagetsi zosinthasintha ndi zina, zomwe zimakulitsa kwambiri kuchuluka kwa kugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa photovoltaic.
2. Kuthekera kokonzekera m'dera lalikulu:Poyerekeza ndi maselo a dzuwa achikhalidwe omwe amagwiritsa ntchito silicon, maselo a dzuwa a chalcogenide ali ndi ubwino woonekeratu pokonzekera malo akuluakulu, kudzera mu kukonza mayankho ndi njira zina zotsika mtengo zokonzekera, kuti apange mabatire a malo akuluakulu, zomwe ndizofunikira pochepetsa mtengo wa makampani opanga ma photovoltaic, ndikulimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa photovoltaic pamlingo waukulu.
3. Kugwiritsa ntchito bwino kwambiri kwa chiphunzitso:Potengera chiphunzitso, maselo a dzuwa a chalcogenide ali ndi mphamvu zambiri zosinthira kuwala kwa dzuwa, ndipo mphamvu zawo zoyerekeza ndi za maselo achikhalidwe a dzuwa okhala ndi silicon. Ndi kuzama kosalekeza kwa kafukufukuyu, mphamvu zenizeni zosinthira kuwala kwa maselo a dzuwa a chalcogenide zikukulirakulira, zomwe zikusonyeza kuthekera kwakukulu kopanga zinthu.
Mavuto a maselo a dzuwa a chalcogenide
Ngakhale kuti maselo a dzuwa a chalcogenide ali ndi ubwino wambiri, koma asanayambe kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mabizinesi, akukumanabe ndi mavuto akuluakulu omwe akufunika kuthetsedwa, momwe vuto la kukhazikika limaonekera kwambiri:
1. Kusakhazikika bwino pa kutentha kwambiri:Popeza batire ndi gawo loyamwa kuwala, kukhazikika kwa chalcogenide kumakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi zinthu zakunja. Pokonzekera maselo a dzuwa a chalcogenide omwe amagwira ntchito bwino, nthawi zambiri pamafunika kudalira zowonjezera za mchere wa amine kuti zikhazikitse gawo la thupi ndikulamulira kupangika kwa makristalo. Komabe, chowonjezera ichi n'chosavuta kuwola kutentha kwambiri, zomwe zimayambitsa kusalinganika kwa kapangidwe ka mankhwala mu filimu ya calcite, zomwe zimachepetsa kwambiri kukhazikika kwa batire pakugwira ntchito kutentha kwambiri, komwe kwakhala chimodzi mwa zinthu zazikulu zomwe zimalepheretsa kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwake kwakukulu pamalonda.
2. Kusakhazikika kwa nthawi yayitali:Kuwonjezera pa kukhazikika kwa kutentha kwambiri, maselo a dzuwa a chalcogenide amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi yayitali, komanso akukumana ndi ukalamba wazinthu, kuchepa kwa kuwala ndi zinthu zina zomwe zimapangitsa kuti magwiridwe antchito azisokonekera, zomwe zimakhudzanso kuthekera ndi kudalirika kwa ntchito zake zamalonda pamlingo winawake.
Kupita patsogolo kwaposachedwa kwa kafukufuku ndi zomwe zakwaniritsidwa
Pofuna kuthana ndi vuto la kukhazikika kosagwira ntchito kwa maselo a dzuwa a chalcogenide pansi pa kutentha kwambiri, Pulofesa Yuan Mingjian wa Sukulu ya Chemistry, Yunivesite ya Nankai, adatsogolera gulu lofufuza kuti lichite kafukufuku wapamwamba wapadziko lonse lapansi, ndipo adapeza zotsatira zodabwitsa:
1. Kupanga njira yatsopano yokonzekera:Gulu lofufuzali linaphatikiza maulosi a chiphunzitso ndipo linapanga bwino njira yokonzekera chalcogenide ya alloy yokhala ndi kutentha kwakukulu. Njirayi imathetsa kwathunthu vuto la kusagwirizana kwa gawo la cesium methamidic la mafilimu a chalcogenide, ndipo kwenikweni imawongolera kukhazikika kwa zinthu za chalcogenide.
2. Kuphatikiza kwa magwiridwe antchito apamwamba komanso kukhazikika kwakukulu:Zipangizo zama cell a dzuwa a Chalcogenide zomwe zakonzedwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira iyi zawonetsa kuti mphamvu zake zikuyenda bwino padziko lonse lapansi komanso kuti kutentha kwake kukhale kokhazikika. Kupambana kumeneku sikuti kumangoyika maziko olimba aukadaulo wokonzanso kukhazikika kwa maselo a dzuwa a chalcogenide, komanso kumatsegula mwayi waukulu woti ukadaulo wa photovoltaic upitirire kugwiritsidwa ntchito komanso kugulitsidwa.
3. Kufalitsa ndi kufunika kwa zotsatira zake:Madzulo a pa 30 Seputembala, Nature inafalitsa zotsatira za kafukufukuyu pansi pa mutu wakuti “Cesium amidine component of chalcogenide solar cells with high thermal stability”. Kafukufukuyu ndi wofunika kwambiri polimbikitsa kusintha kwa chilengedwe cha mphamvu padziko lonse lapansi ndipo ndi chizindikiro cha kupita patsogolo kwakukulu mu mbadwo watsopano wa ukadaulo wa photovoltaic.
Ziyembekezo za chitukuko chamtsogolo
Potsatira zotsatira za kafukufukuyu, chiyembekezo cha chitukuko cha maselo a dzuwa a calcite chakhala chowala kwambiri. Pakadali pano, gulu lofufuza likulimbikitsa kwambiri kafukufuku ndi chitukuko cha ma module a maselo a dzuwa a chalcogenide omwe amagwira ntchito bwino mogwirizana ndi zosowa za mafakitale kudzera mu mgwirizano pakati pa masukulu ndi mabizinesi, pofuna kulimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito bwino zotsatira za kafukufuku mwachangu komanso kukulitsa mafakitale a malo otera.
1. Kukula kwa mafakitale mwachangu:Kupita patsogolo kumeneku kudzafulumizitsa kwambiri chitukuko cha ma solar cell a chalcogenide, omwe akuyembekezeka kupanga ndi kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri m'zaka zingapo zikubwerazi, ndikupereka njira zogwirira ntchito bwino komanso zotsika mtengo zamagetsi oyera pamsika wamagetsi wapadziko lonse.
2. Kukula kwa ntchito:Ndi kusintha kosalekeza kwa magwiridwe antchito a maselo a dzuwa komanso kutsika kwa mtengo wa maselo a dzuwa a chalcogenide, madera omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito adzakulitsidwa kwambiri. Kuphatikiza pa malo oyambira opangira magetsi a photovoltaic, kupanga magetsi ogawidwa ndi madera ena, komanso kuphatikiza nyumba, mphamvu zoyendera, intaneti ya Zinthu ndi madera ena omwe akutukuka kumene amachita gawo lofunikira.
3. Kulimbikitsa kusintha kwa kapangidwe ka mphamvu:Monga ukadaulo wa mphamvu zongowonjezedwanso, kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri maselo a dzuwa a calcite kudzathandiza kulimbikitsa kusintha kobiriwira kwa kapangidwe ka mphamvu padziko lonse lapansi, kuchepetsa kudalira mphamvu zakale, kuchepetsa kutulutsa mpweya wa carbon, komanso kupereka chithandizo chabwino polimbana ndi kusintha kwa nyengo padziko lonse lapansi.
Pomaliza, monga choyimira mbadwo watsopano wa ukadaulo wa photovoltaic, ngakhale kuti ikukumana ndi mavuto ena, koma ndi khama lopitilira la ofufuza ndi luso lamakono, chiyembekezo chake cha chitukuko ndi chachikulu kwambiri. Akukhulupirira kuti posachedwa, maselo a dzuwa a chalcogenide adzawala m'munda wa mphamvu, ndikupereka chithandizo champhamvu champhamvu pakukula kokhazikika kwa anthu.
