Gushyira ingufu mu buryo bunoze mu gushyiramo amashanyarazi ya photovoltaic (PV) kugira ngo hirindwe ko amazi ava cyangwa ngo yangirike. Gushyira ingufu za PV mu ngo zisanzwe bituma abantu bashobora kwikorera amashanyarazi, kubona inyungu mu ishoramari ryabo mu bigo by'amashanyarazi, kubona inkunga ya leta yo kubyaza amashanyarazi, no kubona amafaranga aturutse ku zuba. Uko witaye kuri aya mahirwe vuba, ni ko ushobora kuyungukiramo vuba!
Bitewe n'inkunga ikomeye ituruka mu nzego z'igihugu n'iz'ibanze, sisitemu za PV zikwirakwizwa zirimo gukoreshwa cyane kandi zigaragaza icyerekezo cy'ingenzi cy'iterambere ry'ejo hazaza. Ariko, kubera ko ingufu za PV zikwirakwizwa ari nshya ku isoko, imiterere y'igishushanyo mbonera n'ubwubatsi ishobora gutandukana cyane. Ikibazo kimwe gikunze kwirengagizwa ni ugukingira igisenge amazi. Iyo ishyirwaho ryangiza cyangwa rigasiba urwego rudatwara amazi, amazi ashobora kuva mu buryo bworoshye, ibyo bikaba bitagira ingaruka kuri sisitemu ya PV gusa ahubwo binagira ingaruka ku ikoreshwa risanzwe ry'umutungo w'inzu.
Uyu munsi, reka tuganire ku kibazo cyo kujugunya ibisenge bya PV mu buryo bunyuramo amazi.
Uburyo bwo kugenzura ko igisenge kidapfa amazi
Ihame rusange ryo kwirinda amazi ku gisenge ni ukuyobora amazi ku gisenge aho kuyafunga, ukareba ko amazi y'imvura ahindurirwa inzira neza kugira ngo hirindwe ko amazi ava. Mu gushyiraho sisitemu za PV zisaba gutobora igisenge gisanzwe, uburyo bugomba guhindurwa hakurikijwe imiterere yacyo. Dore bumwe mu buryo bushingiye ku bwoko butandukanye bw'igisenge:
Sima yoroshya amazi mu gisenge giciriritse
Ku nyubako nshya zifite ibisenge bya sima birambuye, imigozi igomba gushyirwa mu gishushanyo, kandi igisenge kigomba gukingirwa amazi hakurikijwe uburyo busanzwe. Ku nyubako zisanzwe, mu gihe cyo gushyiraho ishingiro rya module ya PV, hagomba gushyirwaho urwego rudakingirwa amazi hejuru y’ishingiro n’ibice by’icyuma bikikijwe. Agace gakikije imigozi y’ishingiro kagomba gufungwa, kandi hiyongereyeho urwego rudakingirwa amazi munsi y’ishingiro kugira ngo hirindwe ko amazi y’imvura agera ku rwego rw’inyubako nubwo hejuru yabyo yameneka.
Gukoresha imigozi yo gufunga imiti
Ku nyubako zisanzwe zifite ibisenge bya sima biringaniye, ubunini bw'urwego rwo kurinda bugomba kwemezwa niba hakoreshejwe imigozi yo gufunga ya shimi kugira ngo ikoreshwe. Ku bisenge by'ubutaka byateguwe mbere bifite ubushobozi bwo gutwara ibintu byinshi, urwego rwa sima rushobora gusukwa ku gisenge, kandi nyuma yo gukosorwa, imigozi yo gufunga ya shimi ishobora gukoreshwa mu gufata uruziga. Ku bisenge bifite imigozi, uburebure bw'umwobo bugomba kwemezwa. Nyuma yo gukosora umugozi wo gufunga wa shimi, agace umugozi unyuramo kagomba guterwa umuti ufunga amazi. Imigozi yo gufunga ya shimi ifite ibyiza nko kuba ifite ubushobozi bwo gutwara ibintu byinshi, kudacika intege, kudasaza, no kutagira imbaraga zo kubyimba cyangwa guhangayika ku gice cy'imbere.
Gukingira igisenge cy'icyuma
Ku bisenge by'ibyuma, imiterere y'icyuma cya sisitemu ya PV igomba gushyirwa ku nyubako y'icyuma nyamukuru y'inyubako binyuze mu gice cy'umwimerere cy'icyuma kidapfa amazi n'icyuma gifite ishusho, kugira ngo habeho ubushyuhe buhagije, kandi habeho uburyo bwo kwirinda ingese. Imirimo y'ingenzi yo kubaka irimo gukumira ingese, gufunga no gushyira irangi ridapfa amazi ku gice cyo hasi no ku nkengero zacyo. Ku bisenge by'ibyuma bivamo amazi, hagomba gukoreshwa agakoresho ko gufunga gafite ibara ry'ubushyuhe kandi kadapfa ikirere kugira ngo gapfundikwe. Niba icyuma gifite ibara ryangiritse cyane, kigomba gusimbuzwa mbere yo gushyiraho ibice bya PV.
Umwanzuro
Muri make, mu gihe cyo gushyiraho module za PV, ni ngombwa kuzirikana ku buryo zitagerwaho n'izuba n'igicucu gusa, ahubwo no ku bijyanye no gutwara imizigo, gusohora amazi no kwirinda amazi. Gukoresha neza amazi ni ingenzi kugira ngo sisitemu ya PV ndetse n'umutungo w'inzu birambe kandi bikore neza.
