Binciki ƙa'idodi, siffofi, fa'idodi, da aikace-aikacen fasahar TOPCon, HJT, Perovskite, da IBC ta amfani da fasahar tantanin rana.
Fasaha ta TOPCon (Tunnel Oxide Passivated Contact)
Ka'idoji da Siffofi:
TOPCon fasaha ce ta ƙwayoyin hasken rana bisa ƙa'idodin ɗaukar kaya na zaɓi. Tana ƙara wani Layer na silicon dioxide mai siriri sosai (1-2 nm) da kuma wani Layer na polysilicon mai doped don samar da tsarin hulɗa mai wucewa. Wannan yana rage haɗakar saman da haɗakar ƙarfe sosai. Kwayoyin TOPCon suna da ƙarfin lantarki mai yawa (Voc), abubuwan cikawa masu kyau (FF), da ƙarancin yawan wutar lantarki mai haɗuwa (J0).
Aikace-aikace:
Kwayoyin TOPCon sun dace da yanayin da ke buƙatar manyan na'urorin hasken rana masu inganci, kamar manyan na'urorin samar da wutar lantarki na photovoltaic (PV) da tsarin rufin gida. Rashin aikinsu mai ƙarancin lalacewa a yanayin zafi mai yawa ya sa ya dace musamman ga yankuna masu zafi.
Muhimmanci & Amfani:
Tare da iyakan ingancin ka'ida na kashi 28.7%, TOPCon tana cikin mafi ingancin fasahar ƙwayoyin rana. Tana haɓaka inganci ta hanyar inganta hulɗar masu ɗaukar kaya masu zaɓi kuma tana iya haɗawa ba tare da matsala ba tare da layukan samar da ƙwayoyin silicon na kristal da ake da su, tare da rage farashi da shingayen fasaha don haɓaka masana'antu.
Fasaha ta HJT (Heterojunction tare da Intrinsic Thin-Layer)
Ka'idoji da Siffofi:
HJT yana haɗa silicon mai lu'ulu'u da fasahar fim mai sirara don ƙirƙirar tsari mai kama da juna biyu. Yana amfani da fina-finan silicon masu launin amorphous da fina-finan silicon masu launin amorphous a ɓangarorin biyu na wafer silicon na nau'in N, yana samar da mahaɗin PN. oxides masu haske (TCOs) suna sauƙaƙa watsawa.
Aikace-aikace:
Kwayoyin HJT, waɗanda ke da inganci mai yawa da kuma ƙarancin lalacewar da haske ke haifarwa (LID), sun dace da aikace-aikacen da ke da babban aiki kamar tsarin PV na rufin gida, agrivoltaics, da kuma photovoltaics na ginin da aka haɗa (BIPV).
Muhimmanci & Amfani:
Fasahar HJT tana ba da ingancin samarwa sama da kashi 24%, tare da yuwuwar wuce kashi 30%. Fa'idodinta sun haɗa da juriya ga LID da PID (lalacewar da za ta iya haifarwa), ƙarancin zafin jiki, babban faciality, da kuma kyakkyawan aikin ƙarancin haske. Waɗannan abubuwan suna tabbatar da yawan samar da makamashi da fa'idodin tattalin arziki fiye da ƙwayoyin PERC na yau da kullun.
Kwayoyin Rana na Perovskite
Ka'idoji da Siffofi:
Kwayoyin hasken rana na Perovskite suna amfani da semiconductors na halitta-inorganic halide tare da tsarin ABX3 a matsayin kayan da ke ɗaukar haske. Suna nuna yawan sha mai yawa, tsawon watsawa mai ɗaukar hoto mai tsawo, da kuma ramuka masu daidaitawa.
Aikace-aikace:
Kwayoyin Perovskite suna da amfani mai yawa, suna aiki a manyan tashoshin wutar lantarki, BIPV, da kuma samar da makamashi mai ƙarancin haske a cikin gida.
Muhimmanci & Amfani:
Kwayoyin halittar Perovskite sun sami ingancin dakin gwaje-gwaje har zuwa kashi 25.7%, tare da damar ci gaba da ingantawa. Suna bayar da ƙarancin farashi na kayan aiki, ƙera ƙananan zafin jiki, da kuma kyakkyawan aiki a cikin yanayin ƙarancin haske, wanda hakan ya sa suka zama mafita mai kyau ga buƙatun makamashi daban-daban.
Fasaha ta IBC (Interdigitable Back Contact)
Ka'idoji da Siffofi:
IBC tana kawar da electrodes na gaba ta hanyar sanya duk wani abu da ya shafi tantanin halitta a bayan tantanin halitta, tana cire toshewar shaye-shaye da kuma inganta ingancin juyawa.
Aikace-aikace:
Ana fifita ƙwayoyin IBC a kasuwannin kuɗi masu tsada, kamar tsarin rufin gidaje masu tsada da kuma hanyoyin BIPV masu kyau.
Muhimmanci & Amfani:
Fasaha ta IBC tana ba da damar yin aiki mai kyau da kuma inganta kyawun gani. Amfaninta sun haɗa da rage juriya ga jerin abubuwa, ingantaccen jurewar inuwa, da kuma canza kuzari na musamman, wanda hakan ya sa ya dace da aikace-aikace don fifita inganci da ƙira.
Kammalawa
Kowace daga cikin waɗannan fasahohin zamani na tantanin hasken rana suna taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen inganta inganci, rage farashi, da kuma faɗaɗa fa'idar amfani da na'urorin hasken rana. Yayin da waɗannan fasahohin ke girma da girma, za su inganta aikin hasken rana sosai, suna hanzarta sauyawa zuwa makamashi mai tsafta da kuma magance ƙalubalen yanayi.
