Isoko ryo muri Amerika ryo kubika ingufu rifite ikoranabuhanga rikungahaye kandi ritandukanye, aho ikoranabuhanga ritandukanye rikora neza mu buryo butandukanye bwo gukoresha, bigatuma inganda zibika ingufu zitera imbere.
Ikoranabuhanga rya Bateri ya Lithium-ion
Bateri za Lithium-ion zabaye ikoranabuhanga rikuru ku isoko ry’ingufu muri Amerika bitewe n’ubucucike bwazo bw’ingufu nyinshi, igihe kirekire cyo gukora no gusubiza vuba, bikaba bingana na 80% by’ububiko bw’ingufu mu buryo bukoreshwa mu buryo buhanitse. Ikoranabuhanga ryayo rirakuze cyane kandi rikoreshwa cyane, kuva ku nganda nini zo kubika ingufu kugeza ku nganda nto zo kubika ingufu. Urugero, muri imwe mu mishinga minini yo kubika ingufu muri Kaliforuniya, sisitemu zo kubika ingufu za Lithium-ion zifite umutwaro wo kuringaniza ubwinshi bw’amashanyarazi n’ubusabe bw’amashanyarazi, no gukoresha ingufu nshya. Ariko, bateri za Lithium-ion nazo zifite inenge zimwe na zimwe, nko kugabanya igihe cy’imikorere ya bateri mu bushyuhe bwinshi, gutwika kwa electrolyte n’ibindi bibazo, bigatuma zigabanuka mu bihe bimwe na bimwe bidasanzwe.
Ikoranabuhanga rya Bateri Igenda mu Mazi
Kubera ubushobozi bwinshi bwo kubika ingufu kandi igihe kirekire cyo gushyushya/gusohora umuriro, bateri y'amazi ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu kubika ingufu nyinshi, nko mu bigo binini by'amashanyarazi bya photovoltaic n'ibigo by'umuyaga. Ikora uburyo bwo kubika no kurekura ingufu z'amashanyarazi binyuze mu buryo bwa redox bwa iyoni muri electrolyte, kandi ifite ibyiza byo kwirinda cyane no gusohora umuriro mwinshi. Muri Amerika, imishinga yo kubika ingufu ku rwego rwa grid mu turere tumwe na tumwe yatangiye gukoresha ikoranabuhanga rya bateri y'amazi kugira ngo ikemure ikibazo cy'ingufu nshya no kongera ubusugire bw'imikorere y'amashanyarazi.
Ikoranabuhanga rya bateri rihoraho
Bateri za Solid-state zifatwa nk'icyerekezo cy'ingenzi cy'iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga ryo kubika ingufu mu gisekuru gitaha, kandi byitezweho gukemura ibibazo by'umutekano wa bateri za lithium-ion mu gihe binoza ubucucike bw'ingufu n'imikorere yo gushyushya/gusohora umuriro. Bitandukanye na bateri za lithium-ion zisanzwe zikoresha electrolytes zirimo amazi, bateri za Solid-state zikoresha electrolytes zirimo solid-state, bigabanya ibyago byo gushyuha kwa bateri kandi bikanoza umutekano n'ubudahangarwa bwa bateri. Kuri ubu, ibigo by'ubushakashatsi byo muri Amerika n'ibigo bikora ubushakashatsi ku ikoranabuhanga rya bateri za Solid-state byashoye umutungo mwinshi, nubwo bitarakoreshwa mu bucuruzi bunini, ariko byageze ku ntambwe zikomeye, ejo hazaza hitezwe ko hazafata umwanya ku isoko ryo kubika ingufu.
Ikoranabuhanga rya Super-capacitor
Super-capacitor ifite imiterere y’ubucucike bw’ingufu nyinshi, umuvuduko wo gusharija no gusohora amashanyarazi vuba, igihe kirekire cyo gukora uruziga, nibindi. Ikwiriye ahantu hasaba ingufu nyinshi no gusharija no gusohora amashanyarazi kenshi, nko gukoresha sisitemu yo kugarura ingufu mu rwego rwo gutwara no kugenzura imikorere y’umuyoboro w’amashanyarazi vuba. Muri Amerika, ikoranabuhanga rya super-capacitor rikoreshwa muri bimwe mu bikorwa byihariye byo kubika ingufu, ryuzuza andi makoranabuhanga yo kubika ingufu kugira ngo inoze imikorere y’ingufu.
