Njengoko kufika intwasahlobo kunye nokubuyela komgangatho womhlaba kancinci kancinci, ixesha lokuvelisa amandla elanga lisondele kakhulu. Kweli nqaku, siza kuthetha ngezikhokelo ezisisiseko zonyaka wonke zokusebenza nokugcina iinkqubo ze-photovoltaic.
Intwasahlobo
1. Ngaba inkqubo yokuvelisa umbane iza kuchaphazeleka zizinto ezifana namagqabi entwasahlobo, umthunzi wendlu, iimodyuli zePV, amagqabi, okanye kwanenkunkuma yeentaka?
Inkqubo yokuvelisa umbane inokuchaphazeleka kakhulu xa iimodyuli ze-photovoltaic zigqunywe zizinto ezifana nezindlu, amagqabi, okanye kwanenkunkuma yeentaka. Ukuze kuthintelwe oko kubizwa ngokuba yi-hot spot effect, eyenzeka xa ukusebenza kombane weseli kungalunganga okanye kugqunywe, kubalulekile ukuba iimpawu zombane zeeseli ze-PV ezisetyenziswa kwimodyuli nganye zihambelane. Iiseli ze-PV ezigqunywe zisebenza njengomthwalo, zitsala amandla kwiiseli ezikufutshane ezibona ukukhanya; le nkqubo yaziwa ngokuba yi-hot spot phenomenon, kwaye inokubangela umonakalo omkhulu kwimodyuli ye-PV ukuba ayijongwanga. Ukuthintela ukugqithisa kwiisekethe zesebe ezilandelelanayo, kufuneka kufakwe ii-bypass diodes kwiimodyuli ze-PV. Ngokufanayo, i-inshurensi ye-DC kufuneka isetyenziswe kwintambo nganye ye-PV ukuze kuthintelwe ukugqithisa kwiisekethe ezihambelanayo. Umthunzi kwiiseli ze-PV unokunciphisa imveliso yazo nokuba akukho siphumo se-hot spot senzekayo.
Ihlobo
1. Ngexesha leemvula zasehlotyeni, iinkqubo ze-PV ezisasazwe emakhaya zingakhuselwa njani ngokukodwa nangokufanelekileyo kwiimbane?
Ukubethwa ngumbane kwiinkqubo zelanga kunokutshabalalisa izixhobo kwaye kwenze ezi nkqubo zingasebenzi; ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukuthatha amanyathelo okukhusela izityalo zamandla ze-photovoltaic ekubethweni ngumbane. La manyathelo alandelayo anokuthathwa ukukhusela iinkqubo ze-PV kwimibane:
1). uluhlu lwesikwere se-PV luyaqiniswa xa lubotshelelwe ngokuqinileyo kwi-bracket.
2). Ibhokisi yeemitha zePV iphantsi komhlaba kwaye ikhuselwe ngumbane.
3). i-PV inverter isekelwe phantsi.
Ukufakela inkqubo ye-photovoltaic (PV) kwisakhiwo esikhoyo akudli ngokufuna ukuba kubekho inkqubo yokumisa umhlaba eyahlukileyo, ukuba nje umgca wokumisa umhlaba wenkqubo ye-PV uqhagamshelwe kwinkqubo yokumisa umhlaba yesakhiwo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba kufuneka kufakwe isixhobo sokubamba umbane (iintonga zombane) okanye hayi kuxhomekeke kwiinkcukacha zetyala ngalinye.
2. Xa kukho isiphango, ngaba kuyimfuneko ukucima inkqubo yokuvelisa umbane ye-PV?
Akukho mfuneko yokukhupha iinkqubo ze-photovoltaic ezisasazwe ekhaya kuba zifakelwe iindlela zokhuseleko lombane. Kucetyiswa ukuba ukhuphe iswitshi ye-circuit breaker kwibhokisi yemitha uze ucime umbane kwi-PV module ngezizathu zokhuseleko. Oku kuya kuthintela i-module yokukhusela umbane ukuba ingonakaliswa ngumbane ngqo. Iingozi ezinxulumene nokusilela kwe-module yokukhusela umbane zinokuncitshiswa ukuba abasebenzi bokusebenza kunye nolondolozo bavavanya ngokukhawuleza ukusebenza kwe-module.
3. Ngaba kufuneka utshintshe izixhobo ezichaphazeleka lula emva kokuba kubekho isivuthuvuthu esikhulu sasehlotyeni?
Ayifanelekanga ukutshintshwa kwangoko; kungcono ulinde kude kube kusasa okanye emva kwemini ukuze uyitshintshe. Abasebenzi bokusebenza nokulungisa besikhululo samandla baza kuthumela abantu abaqeqeshiweyo ukuba bathathe indawo yabo ukuba ubazisa ngexesha elifanelekileyo.
4. Singawulawula njani ubushushu obandayo kunye nokuhamba komoya kwiimodyuli ze-PV ehlotyeni?
Ekubeni amandla okukhupha iimodyuli ze-photovoltaic ehla njengoko amaqondo obushushu enyuka, ukonyusa ukusebenza kakuhle kokuveliswa kombane ngokuphefumla kunye nokusasazwa kobushushu kunokwenzeka; eyona ndlela idumileyo kukusebenzisa umoya wendalo njengesixhobo sokungenisa umoya.
Ukwindla
1. Kwiinyanga zekwindla ezomileyo, yintoni eyona nto ibalulekileyo ekufuneka uyikhumbule xa uthintela kwaye ulwa nemililo emakhaya aneenkqubo ze-photovoltaic ezisasazekileyo?
Ukulahleka okungenakucingelwa kobomi kunye nepropathi okunokubangelwa ngumlilo kwenza kube yimfuneko ukuba izinto ezitshayo neziqhumayo zingabekwa kufutshane neenkqubo ze-photovoltaic ezisasazwa kwiindawo zokuhlala. Ukuze kuncitshiswe amathuba omlilo, iinkqubo ze-PV kufuneka zibe nobuchule bokuzibona, ukuzibona, kunye nokukhusela umlilo, ukongeza kwiinkqubo zokhuseleko lomlilo eziqhelekileyo. Ezinye iimfuno ziquka iswitshi yokukhupha umbane engxamisekileyo ye-DC kunye nokubhukisha umjelo wokuthintela nokulungisa umlilo rhoqo emva kwe-40m ubuninzi.
2. Ngaba inkqubo yokuvelisa umbane nge-photovoltaic iya kuqhubeka isebenza xa kukho imvula engapheliyo okanye inkungu? Ngaba singalindela ukuba umbane ucime okanye umbane unganeli?
Iimodyuli ze-solar photovoltaic (PV) zinokuvelisa umbane nokuba kukukhanya okuncinci; kodwa, xa kusoloko kunamafu okanye kunetha, ukukhanya kwelanga kuyehla, kwaye i-voltage yokusebenza yenkqubo ye-PV ayifiki kwi-voltage yokuqala ye-inverter, nto leyo eyenza inkqubo ingasebenzi. Ngenkqubo ye-PV esasazwa ekhaya esebenza ngaxeshanye negridi yokusasazwa, ukucima kombane kunye nokunqongophala kombane yinto yexesha elidlulileyo. Oku kungenxa yokuba igridi iya kuzalisa umbane ngokuzenzekelayo xa inkqubo ye-PV yasekhaya ingakwazi ukwanelisa imfuno yomthwalo okanye ingasebenzi ngenxa yemozulu enamafu.
Ubusika
1. Ngaba kuya kubakho ukunqongophala kombane ngexesha lasebusika?
Enyanisweni, ubushushu buchaphazela amandla avela kwiinkqubo ze-photovoltaic; iiparameter ezichaphazela ngqo ziquka amandla okukhanyiswa, ixesha lokukhanya kwelanga, kunye nobushushu bokusebenza kwemodyuli yeseli yelanga. Kulindeleke ukuba amandla okukhanyiswa abe sezantsi ebusika ngenxa yexesha elifutshane lokukhanya kwelanga kunye nokuveliswa kwamandla okuphantsi ngokubanzi xa kuthelekiswa nehlobo. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yenkqubo ye-PV esasazwayo yokuhlala eqhagamshelwe kwigridi, umthwalo awuyi kubonisa iimpawu zokunqongophala kombane okanye ukucima lo gama nje igridi inombane.
2. Ngaba ikhephu lifuna ukucocwa kwenkqubo yombane ye-PV? Kwenzeka ntoni kwiindawo ze-PV xa ikhephu lasebusika linyibilika lize liphinde libe ngumkhenkce? Ukuze ndicoce imodyuli, ndingakwazi ukuma phezu kwayo nje?
Kubalulekile ukucoca icandelo emva kokuba liwile kakhulu ikhephu. Sebenzisa izinto ezithambileyo ukuze utyhale ikhephu, uqaphele ukuba ungayikrweli iglasi. Icandelo linomthamo wokuthwala umthwalo, ngoko ke ukulicoca phezu kwalo kunokubangela imingxunya efihlakeleyo okanye umonakalo, nto leyo enokunciphisa ubomi balo. Ngokubanzi, akufanele ulinde de ikhephu libe likhulu kakhulu ukuze ulicoce, njengoko oku kunokukhokelela ekufakweni kweqhwa kakhulu.
3. Ngaba inkqubo ye-photovoltaic esasazekileyo ekhayeni inokumelana nomonakalo wesichotho?
Eziqinisekisiweyo nezivavanyiweyo yimibutho efana ne-CGC, i-CQC, okanye i-TUV, phakathi kwezinye, zezona zinto zenza inkqubo ye-PV esasazwa ekhaya. Kuqhelekile ukufaka icala elingaphambili kumthwalo ophezulu ongashukumiyo we-5400Pa (umthwalo womoya, umthwalo wekhephu), icala elingasemva kumthwalo ophezulu ongashukumiyo we-2400Pa (umthwalo womoya), kunye nokufaka isakhiwo kuvavanyo olunzima, kubandakanya ukuchatshazelwa ngamatye esichotho angama-25 mm ngesantya se-23 m/s. Ngoko ke, inkqubo yokuvelisa umbane we-photovoltaic idla ngokukhuseleka kwisichotho.
