Isishwankathelo
Kulo nyaka, iPakistan, ilizwe eliseMzantsi Asia elinabantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-200, livele njengemakethi entsha yokugcina i-photovoltaic kunye nokugcina amandla. Ngokufanayo naseMzantsi Afrika, ukukhula okukhawulezayo kwemakethi yokugcina i-photovoltaic kunye nokugcina amandla ePakistan kunxulunyaniswa ngokusondeleyo nemeko-bume yemarike yombane ebuthathaka.
Igridi yombane yasePakistan ibisoloko inengxaki yokunqanyulwa nokucima kombane, ikakhulu ngenxa yokungonelanga kwamandla okuvelisa kunye nenethiwekhi yokudlulisa nokusasaza eyaluphalayo kunye nokulahleka okukhulu kwemigca. Ngexesha lemfuno ephezulu, njengehlobo, igridi ayikwazi ukuthwala umthwalo, nto leyo eyenza ukunqamka kombane kube yinto eqhelekileyo.
Uqoqosho
Nangona izinga lokukhula kwe-GDP yasePakistan liphezulu, lingaphantsi kwezinye iimarike ezisakhulayo kunye noqoqosho olusakhulayo. Ngokutsho kwe-International Monetary Fund (IMF), i-GDP yasePakistan ifikelele kwi-$338.2 yeebhiliyoni ngo-2023, ibekwe kwindawo yama-43 kwihlabathi liphela, xa ithelekiswa nephondo laseShanxi laseTshayina.
Ukususela ngo-2000 ukuya ku-2023, ukukhula kwe-GDP yonyaka ePakistan kube ngumyinge we-5.5%. Nangona kunjalo, kwiminyaka emininzi, eli zinga lokukhula laliphantsi kunelo lezinye iimarike ezisakhulayo kunye noqoqosho olusakhulayo. Ngokuphathelele i-GDP yomntu ngamnye, umsantsa phakathi kwePakistan kunye neIndiya engummelwane uye wanda. Ngaphambi kowama-2007, i-GDP yomntu ngamnye ePakistan yayiphezulu kancinci kuneyaseIndiya, kodwa iIndiya iye yadlula iPakistan kakhulu ukusukela ngoko.
Abemi
Njengoko inabantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-200, iPakistan inabemi abaninzi nabakhulayo. Ngokutsho kweBhanki yeHlabathi, inani labantu basePakistan lifikelele kwizigidi ezingama-236 ngo-2022. Ubalo lwabantu lwango-2023 lubonise ukuba inani labantu likhule laya kwizigidi ezingama-240, nto leyo eyenza ukuba libe lelesihlanu ngobukhulu emhlabeni. Inani labantu basePakistan liye landa rhoqo ukususela ngo-1960, ngesantya sokukhula sonyaka se-1.65% ukusukela ngo-2010.
Abemi beli lizwe bangabantu abancinci kakhulu kwaye baneminyaka ephakathi, kwaye usapho lwabo lumalunga nabantu abayi-6.4, ngokutsho kwePakistan Bureau of Statistics ngo-2017.
Amandla
IPakistan ixhomekeke kakhulu kwimithombo yamandla yemveli kunye namandla ombane aphuma emanzini, kunye namandla okuvelisa akhula rhoqo. Nangona inegesi yendalo kunye namalahle, iPakistan ithumela uninzi lokusetyenziswa kwayo kwepetroli. Ukusukela ngo-2023, ngaphezulu kwama-50% okuvelisa afakwe ePakistan avela kwioyile, igesi yendalo, kunye namalahle, ngelixa amandla ombane aphuma emanzini ebalelwa ngaphezulu kwama-20%. Imithombo yamandla ahlaziyekayo isancinci, apho amandla omoya enza malunga ne-4% kwaye amandla elanga ayi-1%.
Okusingqongileyo
Ikwimimandla eshushu nefudumeleyo, iPakistan inemfuno ephezulu yombane, apho ukusetyenziswa kombane kwiindawo zokuhlala kumalunga nama-50% emfuno iyonke. Imozulu yeli lizwe, ingakumbi kwimimandla esemazantsi, ibangela ukusetyenziswa kombane okukhulu ngenxa yamaqondo obushushu aphezulu aphakathi kwama-27°C (81°F) ngonyaka, ingakumbi ehlotyeni.
Inkqubo yamandla
Icandelo lamandla lasePakistan lijongene nemingeni emikhulu, kuquka ityala elijikelezayo kunye nenethiwekhi yothumelo ekhula kancinci enelahleko ephezulu. Urhulumente uxhasa eli candelo ngenkxaso-mali kunye neenkxaso-mali, kodwa eli shishini lijongene netyala elijikelezayo ngenxa yamazinga aphantsi okuhlawulwa kweebhili, ilahleko ephezulu yothumelo kunye nokusasazwa, kunye neenkxaso-mali ezingonelanga zikarhulumente. Ezi ngxaki zibangela ukuba igunya eliphambili lokuthenga umbane lisoloko lilibazisa iintlawulo kwizityalo zamandla kunye negridi yesizwe, nto leyo ekhokelela kwingxaki enkulu yamatyala ngaphakathi kwekhonkco lobonelelo.
Inethiwekhi yothumelo ephelelwe lixesha, eyaphuhliswa ikakhulu ngeminyaka yoo-1970 noo-1980, yenza ezi ngxaki zibe mandundu ngenxa yamazinga aphezulu okulahleka.
Utshintsho lwaMandla
IPakistan ibeka phambili utshintsho lwamandla kwaye ixhasa uphuhliso lwemithombo yamandla avuselelekayo njengamandla ombane wamanzi kunye namandla omoya. Ukuveliswa kombane kweli lizwe kuxhomekeke kakhulu kumafutha efosili angeniswa kwamanye amazwe, okwenza kube lula ukuba amaxabiso epetroli atshintshe kwaye afumaneke. Ukujongana noku, urhulumente usebenzise imigaqo-nkqubo efana noMgaqo-nkqubo woPhuhliso lwaMandla aHlaziyiweyo, uCwangciso lwaMandla oluDibeneyo, kunye noMgaqo-nkqubo waMandla aHlaziyiweyo naNgaphandle (2020). Le migaqo-nkqubo ijolise ekwandiseni isabelo samandla avuselelekayo kunye nangaphandle kwimarike yamandla ePakistan ukuya kwi-20% ngo-2025 kunye ne-30% ngo-2030.
Ngokuphathelele amandla elanga, igunya lolawulo lwamandla lasePakistan, i-NEPRA, likhuthaza ngenkuthalo iiprojekthi ze-photovoltaic ngokubhida okukhuphisanayo, lizisa iimodeli zemarike ukuze kube lula uphuhliso lweeprojekthi zelanga.
