Njengenxalenye ebalulekileyo yokuveliswa kwamandla e-photovoltaic, indima ephambili ye-inverter kukuguqula i-direct current esuka kwiimodyuli ze-photovoltaic ibe yi-alternating current. Okwangoku, i-inverter eqhelekileyo kwimarike yahlulwe ngokubanzi kwi-inverter ephakathi kunye ne-group series inverter, kunye ne-inverter entsha esasazwayo.
Ingaba isebenza kanjani:
· I-inverter yochungechunge: uthotho lweeseli ze-photovoltaic zibe yi-DC input ene-voltage ephezulu, ize emva koko iguqulwe ibe yi-AC output.
· Ii-inverters ezihambelanayo: iiseli ezininzi ze-photovoltaic ziqhagamshelwe ngaxeshanye ukwandisa umbane opheleleyo, oguqulwa ube yi-AC output.
· I-Bridge inverter: ukusetyenziswa kwesekethe yebridge ukuguqula i-dc ukuya kwi-ac.
· I-inverter ye-frequency ephakathi: ngokuguqula igalelo le-DC libe yi-AC ye-frequency ephakathi, eguqulwa kwi-transformer ukuze ifumane i-AC output oyifunayo.
Ngokusekelwe kwi-output waveform:
· I-Sine wave inverter: imveliso yi-sine wave ecocekileyo, efanelekileyo kwiimfuno zomgangatho wamandla zezicelo eziphezulu.
· I-inverter ye-sinusoidal eguquliweyo: i-output waveform yi-modified sinusoidal waveform, enezixhobo ezithile ze-harmonic ezisikiweyo kwii-applications ezininzi zasekhaya neze-commerce.
· I-inverter ye-Square wave: i-output waveform yi-square wave, ilula kwaye ixabisa kancinci, kodwa iya kwazisa ii-harmonics ezingaphezulu.
· I-inverter yokuguqula ububanzi be-pulse (PWM): ukusetyenziswa kwetekhnoloji ye-PWM ephindaphindayo ukuvelisa i-waveform ye-output ephantse ibe sinusoidal.
Ngokusekelwe kwiindawo zokusetyenziswa:
· I-inverter ezimeleyo: kwiinkqubo zokuvelisa umbane ezizimeleyo ezizimeleyo kwigridi yombane ephambili, ezifana nokukhanyisa, umbane, njl.
· I-inverter yelanga: qhagamshela amandla e-photovoltaic kwigridi ephambili uze ufake amandla angaphezulu kwigridi xa ingadingeki, kwaye ufumane amandla angonelanga kwigridi.
· I-inverter ye-Micro-grid: Inkqubo ye-micro-grid inokufikelela kwinethiwekhi kunye nolawulo, iya kuba yimithombo yamandla eyahlukeneyo (njengelanga, umoya, njl.njl.) kunye nomthwalo odibeneyo.
Ezi zezinye zeentlobo eziqhelekileyo ze-solar inverter. Iindidi ezahlukeneyo ze-inverter zineempawu ezahlukeneyo kunye neemeko ezifanelekileyo. Kubalulekile ukukhetha uhlobo lwe-inverter olufanelekileyo ngokweemfuno ezithile kunye neemeko zesicelo.
Yintoni i-solar inverter?:
I-solar inverter isetyenziselwa ukuguqula i-direct current (DC) eveliswa ziiphaneli ze-photovoltaic (iiphaneli zelanga) zibe yi-alternating current (AC). Iiphaneli ze-photovoltaic ziguqula ukukhanya kwelanga kube yi-direct current, kwaye i-solar inverter iguqula loo direct current ibe yi-alternating current esiqhele ukuyisebenzisa ukunika amandla amakhaya, amashishini kunye namashishini.
Iindima eziphambili ze-solar inverter zezi zilandelayo:
1. Ukuguqulwa kwamandla: umbane ophuma kwiphaneli yelanga ye-DC ibe ngamandla e-AC ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zegridi yamandla. Umbane otshintshanayo (AC) luhlobo lwamandla ombane asetyenziswa kubomi bethu bemihla ngemihla nakwimveliso yemizi-mveliso.
2. I-grid-connected: kwiinkqubo ze-photovoltaic eziqhagamshelwe kwi-grid, i-solar inverter inokufaka amandla angaphezulu kwi-grid ukunciphisa ukuxhomekeka kwi-grid nokuvelisa imali ethile yengeniso kwi-intanethi.
3. Ulawulo lwamandla: i-solar inverter idla ngokukwazi ukujonga nokulawula inkqubo ye-PV, ukujonga imeko, umbane, i-voltage, njl.njl. yephaneli ye-PV ngexesha langempela, ukubonelela abasebenzisi ngamandla okujonga nokuphucula ukusebenza kweenkqubo ze-PV.
4. Imisebenzi yoKhuseleko: i-solar inverter idla ngokuba nokhuseleko lokugqithisa, ukhuseleko lwesekethe emfutshane, ukhuseleko lokugqithisa, ukhuseleko lokungasebenzi kakuhle kwamandla, njl. ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo kwenkqubo ye-PV.
Ngamafutshane, i-solar inverter idlala indima ebalulekileyo kwiinkqubo ze-photovoltaic, iguqula amandla okukhanya abe ngumbane osebenzayo otshintshanayo, ivumela amandla elanga ukuba asetyenziselwe ukubonelela ngombane kunye nokufikelela kwigridi, ukufezekisa uphuhliso oluzinzileyo kunye nokugcinwa kwamandla kunye neenjongo zokunciphisa ukukhutshwa komoya.
Izinto eziphambili ze-inverter ziquka ezi ndidi zilandelayo:
1. Isixhobo se-semiconductor: icandelo eliphambili le-inverter sisixhobo se-Power semiconductor, esidla ngokusebenzisa i-power Transistor (IGBT) okanye i-Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor (MOSFET). Ezi zixhobo zisetyenziselwa ukuguqula amandla ombane ukusuka kwi-DC ukuya kwi-AC.
2. Ii-capacitors kunye nee-inductors: ii-capacitors kunye nee-inductors zikwasetyenziswa kwii-inverters ukugcina nokucoca amandla ombane. Ii-capacitors zithambisa i-voltage kunye ne-current output, ngelixa ii-inductors zihluza ingxolo ephezulu kunye nee-harmonics.
3. Isinki yobushushu kunye nezinto zokufaka isinki yobushushu: Isixhobo samandla esikwi-inverter siya kuvelisa ubushushu obuninzi, sidinga isinki yobushushu kunye nezinto zokufaka isinki yobushushu ukuze sinciphise ubushushu ngempumelelo, siqinisekise ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwesixhobo. Iiradiyetha zihlala zenziwe nge-aluminium okanye ngobhedu ukuze zibonelele ngendawo efanelekileyo yokupholisa.
4. I-PCB (Ibhodi yeSekethe ePrintiweyo): I-PCB sisithwali sokufakelwa kunye noqhagamshelo lwezixhobo ze-elektroniki kwi-inverter, enombane oqhuba kakuhle kunye namandla oomatshini. Uyilo lwesekethe ye-inverter luya kusekelwa kwiimfuno zamandla kunye noyilo lwesekethe yocingo kunye noqhagamshelo olufanelekileyo.
5. Icandelo le-elektroniki kunye necandelo lesekethe: i-inverter ikwafuna ukusebenzisa iintlobo ngeentlobo zecandelo lesekethe, ezinje ngee-diode, ii-resistor, ii-transformers, ii-fuse, izihlanganisi, njl.njl. zokulawula, ukukhusela kunye nokudibanisa isekethe.
Ukongeza, ityala le-inverter lidla ngokwenziwa ngezinto zesinyithi, ezifana ne-aluminium alloy okanye ipleyiti yentsimbi, esetyenziselwa ukubonelela ngokhuseleko olufanelekileyo loomatshini kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kokusasaza ubushushu.
Ezi zezona zinto ziphambili ze-inverter, ezi zinto kuyilo lwe-inverter kunye nokuveliswa kwayo zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuqinisekiseni ukusebenza kunye nokuthembeka kwe-inverter.
