Muhimman Abubuwan Da Ake Bukata Don Gwaji Kwayoyin Hasken Rana Masu Amorphous Silicon Thin-Film Tare da Na'urorin Kwaikwayo na Rana

Kwayoyin hasken rana, waɗanda aka fi sani da ƙwayoyin photovoltaic, suna mayar da hasken rana kai tsaye zuwa makamashin lantarki. Auna ingancin ƙwayoyin hasken rana yawanci ya ƙunshi tantance ƙarfin hasken rana da ya faru ta amfani da na'urar auna hasken rana da kuma tantance fitowar wutar lantarki a matsakaicin wurin wutar lantarki. Duk da haka, wannan tsari yana fuskantar ƙalubale saboda dogaro da aikin ƙwayoyin halitta akan hasken rana, wanda ya bambanta da canje-canje na yanayi, wurin ƙasa, da yanayin yanayi. Waɗannan abubuwan, tare da kurakuran daidaitawa a cikin na'urorin auna hasken rana, na iya haifar da ma'auni marasa daidaito da rashin daidaito.

Don rage irin waɗannan matsalolin, yawancin masana'antun suna amfani da na'urorin kwaikwayo na hasken rana don gwada ingancin ƙwayoyin hasken rana a cikin muhallin da aka sarrafa. Ana daidaita waɗannan na'urorin kwaikwayo ta amfani da ƙwayoyin halitta na yau da kullun waɗanda suka dace da rarraba hasken rana a ƙarƙashin yanayi na yau da kullun.

Matsalolin da Aka Fi Sani a Gwajin Kwayoyin Hasken Rana na Amorphous Silicon Thin-Film
Wasu dakunan gwaje-gwaje da hukumomin gwaji suna amfani da ƙwayoyin silicon na kristal a matsayin ma'aunin tunani don kimanta ƙwayoyin silicon masu sirara marasa siffar. Wannan aikin sau da yawa yana haifar da kurakurai masu mahimmanci na aunawa, wanda ke haifar da shakku game da aikin ƙwayoyin silicon marasa siffar.

Ka'idojin Duniya don Gwaji Kwayoyin Rana
Domin tabbatar da daidaito da inganci, ƙa'idodin gwaji na ƙasa da ƙasa sun ayyana takamaiman yanayi don kimanta ƙwayoyin hasken rana:
Bakan: AM1.5
Hasken rana: 1000 W/m²
Zafin jiki: 25°C
AM1.5 yana nufin hasken rana lokacin da hasken rana ke ratsawa ta cikin yanayi a kusurwar da ta yi daidai da kusurwar zenith na 48.2°.

Don ma'auni masu inganci, dole ne a cika muhimman sharuɗɗa guda biyu:
Amsar spectral na tantanin tunani da tantanin gwaji dole ne su daidaita a cikin takamaiman iyaka, wanda yawanci ake samu ta hanyar amfani da ƙwayoyin tunani da gwaji da aka yi daga kayan semiconductor iri ɗaya da kuma irin hanyoyin ƙera su.
Tushen haske a cikin na'urar kwaikwayo dole ne ya yi daidai da tsarin hasken da aka tsara na ma'aunin AM1.5.
Abubuwan da za a yi la'akari da su na musamman ga ƙwayoyin silicon masu launin Amorphous
Kwayoyin silicon marasa siffar jiki sun bambanta sosai da ƙwayoyin silicon masu siffar crystalline dangane da abu da kuma martanin spectral. Ga muhimman abubuwan da za a yi la'akari da su don gwaji mai kyau:

Daidaita Hasken Radiance:
Yi amfani da ƙwayar silicon mara tsari wanda aka tsara musamman don daidaita hasken rana. Yin amfani da ƙwayoyin silicon na kristal don wannan dalili na iya haifar da sakamako marasa ma'ana saboda rashin daidaiton haske. Ko da kuwa akwai tushen haske mai kyau, tabbatar da sahihan sakamako a cikin yanayin dakin gwaje-gwaje ko samarwa na yau da kullun yana da ƙalubale.

Zaɓin Tushen Haske:
Ya kamata na'urar kwaikwayo ta hasken rana ta yi amfani da tushen haske mai kewayon spectral tsakanin 300 nm da 800 nm wanda ya yi daidai da AM1.5 spectrum. Na'urorin kwaikwayo na fitilar xenon na yau da kullun galibi suna da spectrum mai wadataccen infrared (800 nm zuwa 1100 nm) wanda ya bambanta da mizanin, wanda ke haifar da rashin daidaito sosai.

Amsar Spectral:
Amsar spectral na ƙwayar hasken rana tana nufin adadin masu ɗaukar caji da aka samar a kowace photon a wani tsayin daka da aka bayar. Kwayoyin silicon marasa siffar suna da kewayon amsawar spectral na 400 nm zuwa 800 nm, idan aka kwatanta da 400 nm zuwa 1100 nm don ƙwayoyin silicon masu siffar crystalline. Lokacin gwada ƙwayoyin silicon marasa siffar ta amfani da na'urorin kwaikwayo waɗanda aka daidaita su da ƙa'idodin silicon masu siffar crystalline, bakan infrared mai wadataccen bakan (800 nm zuwa 1100 nm) yana ba da gudummawa ga kwararar ƙwayoyin kristal amma ba ga ƙwayoyin amorphous ba. Wannan yana haifar da ƙarancin kimantawa mai tsanani na aikin yanzu da na gaba ɗaya na ƙwayar silicon marasa siffar.

Bugu da ƙari, martanin spectral na ƙwayoyin silicon amorphous yana da tasiri ta hanyar abubuwa kamar haske da ƙarfin lantarki, wanda hakan ya sa ya zama dole a yi la'akari da waɗannan masu canji a ƙarƙashin yanayi mara daidaito.