Maselo a dzuwa, omwe amadziwikanso kuti ma cell a photovoltaic, amasintha kuwala kwa dzuwa kukhala mphamvu yamagetsi mwachindunji. Kuyeza momwe maselo a dzuwa amagwirira ntchito nthawi zambiri kumaphatikizapo kuwunika mphamvu ya kuwala kwa dzuwa pogwiritsa ntchito radiometer ndikuzindikira mphamvu yamagetsi yomwe imachokera pamalo amphamvu kwambiri. Komabe, njirayi imakumana ndi zovuta chifukwa cha kudalira kwa magwiridwe antchito a maselo pa solar spectrum, komwe kumasiyana malinga ndi kusintha kwa nyengo, malo, ndi nyengo. Zinthu izi, kuphatikiza ndi zolakwika pa calibration mu ma radiometer, zingayambitse miyeso yosagwirizana komanso yolakwika.
Pofuna kuchepetsa mavuto amenewa, opanga ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito ma simulator a dzuwa kuti ayesere momwe maselo a dzuwa amagwirira ntchito m'malo olamulidwa. Ma simulator amenewa amayesedwa pogwiritsa ntchito maselo wamba omwe amagwirizana ndi kufalikira kwa kuwala kwa dzuwa pansi pa mikhalidwe yokhazikika.
Mavuto Omwe Amafala Poyesa Maselo a Dzuwa a Amorphous Silicon Thin-Film
Ma laboratories ena ndi mabungwe oyesera amagwiritsa ntchito maselo a silicon opangidwa ndi kristalo ngati miyezo yowunikira maselo a silicon thin-film osapangidwa ndi silika. Kuchita izi nthawi zambiri kumabweretsa zolakwika zazikulu pakuyeza, zomwe zimapangitsa kukayikira momwe maselo a silicon osapangidwa ndi silika amagwirira ntchito.
Miyezo Yapadziko Lonse Yoyesera Maselo a Dzuwa
Kuti zitsimikizire kufananiza kokhazikika komanso kodalirika, miyezo yoyesera yapadziko lonse lapansi imatanthauzira mikhalidwe yeniyeni yowunikira maselo a dzuwa:
Sipekitiramu: AM1.5
Kuwala kwa kuwala: 1000 W/m²
Kutentha: 25°C
AM1.5 imatanthauza mphamvu ya dzuwa pamene kuwala kwa dzuwa kumadutsa mumlengalenga pa ngodya yofanana ndi ngodya ya zenith ya 48.2°.
Kuti muyeze molondola, zinthu ziwiri zofunika ziyenera kukwaniritsidwa:
Mayankho a spectral a selo lofotokozera ndi selo loyesera ayenera kugwirizana mkati mwa mtundu winawake, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimachitika pogwiritsa ntchito maselo ofotokozera ndi oyesera opangidwa kuchokera ku zinthu zomwezo za semiconductor ndi njira zofanana zopangira.
Gwero la kuwala mu simulator liyenera kufanana kwambiri ndi kapangidwe ka spectral ka muyezo wa AM1.5.
Zinthu Zapadera Zokhudza Maselo a Silikoni Osasinthika
Maselo a silicon a amorphous amasiyana kwambiri ndi maselo a silicon a crystalline pankhani ya momwe zinthu zilili komanso momwe zinthu zimagwirira ntchito. Nazi mfundo zofunika kuziganizira poyesa molondola:
Kulinganiza kwa Irradiance:
Gwiritsani ntchito selo losaoneka bwino la silicon lomwe lapangidwira makamaka kulinganiza kuwala. Kugwiritsa ntchito maselo a silicon a crystalline pachifukwa ichi kungayambitse zotsatira zopanda tanthauzo chifukwa cha kusagwirizana kwa ma spectral. Ngakhale ngati pali gwero labwino la kuwala, kuonetsetsa kuti zotsatira zolondola m'malo ochitira kafukufuku kapena opanga zinthu zimakhala zovuta.
Kusankha Gwero la Kuwala:
Chojambulira cha dzuwa chiyenera kugwiritsa ntchito gwero la kuwala lomwe lili ndi ma spectral range pakati pa 300 nm ndi 800 nm lomwe limagwirizana kwambiri ndi AM1.5 spectrum. Ma simulator a nyali za xenon nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi infrared-rich spectrum (800 nm mpaka 1100 nm) yomwe imasiyana ndi muyezo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kusalingana kwakukulu.
Yankho la Spectral:
Mayankho a ma spectral a selo la dzuwa amatanthauza kuchuluka kwa ma charge carriers omwe amapangidwa pa photon iliyonse pa nthawi inayake. Ma cell a silicon a Amorphous ali ndi ma spectral response range a 400 nm mpaka 800 nm, poyerekeza ndi 400 nm mpaka 1100 nm a ma cell a silicon a crystalline. Poyesa ma cell a silicon a amorphous pogwiritsa ntchito ma simulators omwe amalinganizidwa ndi miyezo ya silicon ya crystalline, ma infrared-rich spectrum (800 nm mpaka 1100 nm) amathandizira kuti ma cell a crystalline agwire ntchito koma osati ma cell a amorphous. Izi zimapangitsa kuti pasakhale kuwerengera kwakukulu kwa momwe ma cell a silicon a amorphous amagwirira ntchito komanso momwe amagwirira ntchito.
Kuphatikiza apo, momwe maselo a silicon osasinthika amagwirira ntchito zimakhudzidwa ndi zinthu monga kuwala ndi mphamvu yamagetsi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zofunikira kwambiri kuganizira za zinthuzi pansi pa mikhalidwe yosakhala yachizolowezi.
Kuyesa molondola kwa maselo a solar a amorphous silicon thin-film kumafuna kusamala kwambiri pa kuwerengera kuwala, kusankha gwero la kuwala, ndi kulumikizana kwa ma spectral response. Kutsatira malangizo awa kumatsimikizira zotsatira zodalirika ndikupewa zolakwika zokhudzana ndi njira zosayenera zowerengera.
