Nyob rau hauv lub sijhawm uas muaj kev saib xyuas thoob ntiaj teb rau kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig thiab kev txhim kho kom ruaj khov, thev naus laus zis photovoltaic (PV), ua ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm lub zog ntsuab, tab tom coj cov cib fim kev txhim kho tsis tau muaj dua. Saib mus rau yav tom ntej, thev naus laus zis PV yuav qhia txog kev txhim kho zoo kawg nkaus hauv ntau yam, txhaj tshuaj muaj zog rau kev hloov pauv thiab kev txhim kho ntawm lub zog.
Ua ntej, kev tsim kho tshiab thiab kev txhim kho ntawm cov ntaub ntawv photovoltaic
1. Kev tshwm sim ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tshiab:Nrog rau kev loj hlob sai ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb, cov ntaub ntawv photovoltaic tshiab tseem niaj hnub tshwm sim. Ntxiv rau cov ntaub ntawv chalcogenide uas tau hais ua ntej, cov ntaub ntawv organic - inorganic hybrid, cov ntaub ntawv quantum dot, thiab lwm yam kuj tau qhia txog qhov zoo ntawm kev ua tau zoo. Cov ntaub ntawv tshiab no muaj kev hloov pauv photovoltaic zoo dua, tus nqi qis dua thiab kev ywj pheej zoo dua thiab kev ua tiav, thiab xav tias yuav dhau los ua cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb rau kev txhim kho thev naus laus zis photovoltaic yav tom ntej.
2. Kev txhim kho kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom siv:Cov kws tshawb nrhiav yuav txuas ntxiv ua haujlwm los txhim kho kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom siv photovoltaic uas twb muaj lawm, los ntawm kev ua kom zoo dua cov txheej txheem npaj khoom, txhim kho cov qauv thiab cov khoom sib xyaw ntawm cov khoom siv thiab lwm txoj hauv kev los txhim kho kev hloov pauv thiab kev ruaj khov ntawm cov hlwb photovoltaic. Piv txwv li, los ntawm kev ua kom zoo dua qhov kev kho saum npoo thiab kev ntxiv cov khoom siv silicon, nws tuaj yeem txhim kho kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov hlwb hnub ci silicon thiab txo cov nqi tsim khoom.
Qhov thib ob, qhov kev ua kom zoo dua ntawm cov qauv photovoltaic cell thiab kev tsim qauv
1. Tsim cov qauv nano:Kev siv cov qauv tsim nanostructure yog ib txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb los txhim kho kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov photovoltaic cells. Los ntawm kev tsim cov qauv nanoscale ntawm qhov chaw ntawm PV cells, xws li nanowires, nanopores, nanoparticles, thiab lwm yam, nws tuaj yeem ua rau thaj chaw nqus teeb pom kev zoo thiab ntau yam teeb pom kev zoo, txhim kho kev ntes teeb pom kev zoo, thiab yog li txhim kho kev hloov pauv ntawm PV cells.
2. Daim ntawv thov ntawm cov qauv teeb pom kev zoo:Cov qauv teeb uas raug kaw cia tuaj yeem ua rau lub teeb nyob ntev dua hauv lub photovoltaic cell los ntawm ntau qhov kev cuam tshuam thiab kev tawg, ua rau muaj kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm lub teeb thiab cov khoom siv, thiab txhim kho kev siv lub teeb kom zoo. Piv txwv li, kev siv cov qauv pyramid tig rov qab, daim iav Bragg thiab lwm yam qauv ntes, tuaj yeem txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov photovoltaic cell.
3. Kev tsim cov roj teeb ntau lub voj voog:Los ntawm kev sib xyaw cov ntaub ntawv nrog cov kab sib txawv txwv tsis pub siv, roj teeb ntau lub voj voog tuaj yeem siv tag nrho cov wavelengths ntawm lub hnub ci, kom ua tiav kev hloov pauv photoelectric siab dua. Yav tom ntej, roj teeb ntau lub voj voog yuav tsim kho kom muaj kev ua haujlwm siab dua thiab tus nqi qis dua, thiab dhau los ua ib qho ntawm cov kev taw qhia tseem ceeb ntawm kev tsim kho photovoltaic.
Qhov thib peb, kev sib koom ua ke ntawm photovoltaic System thiab kev txawj ntse
1. Kev koom ua ke ntawm lub zog:Cov roj teeb PV tau koom ua ke nrog lwm lub tshuab hluav taws xob, xws li lub zog cua, kev khaws cia hluav taws xob, lub zog biomass, thiab lwm yam, los tsim kom muaj ntau lub zog sib xyaw ua ke, uas tuaj yeem ua tiav kev siv hluav taws xob zoo thiab kev muab hluav taws xob ruaj khov. Piv txwv li, lub tshuab PV - kev khaws cia kev koom ua ke tuaj yeem khaws cov hluav taws xob ntau dhau thaum lub zog tsim hluav taws xob PV txaus, thiab tso tawm cov hluav taws xob khaws cia thaum lub zog tsim hluav taws xob PV tsis txaus, kom ntseeg tau tias muaj kev sib txuas thiab ruaj khov ntawm kev muab hluav taws xob.
2. Kev siv thev naus laus zis ntse:Nrog kev pab los ntawm cov thev naus laus zis ntse xws li Internet of Things, kev tshuaj xyuas cov ntaub ntawv loj thiab kev txawj ntse ntawm lub tshuab, kev saib xyuas lub sijhawm tiag tiag, kev kuaj mob qhov txhaum, kev teem sijhawm zoo tshaj plaws thiab kev tswj hwm ntse ntawm PV system tuaj yeem ua tiav. Los ntawm kev tswj hwm ntse, nws tuaj yeem txhim kho kev ua haujlwm zoo thiab kev ntseeg siab ntawm PV systems, txo cov nqi khiav lag luam thiab kev saib xyuas, thiab txhim kho kev paub ntawm tus neeg siv.
3. Kev tsim kho microgrid:Ua ib lub tshuab hluav taws xob me me uas faib tawm, microgrid tuaj yeem sib koom ua ke PV, lub zog cua, kev khaws cia hluav taws xob thiab lwm yam khoom siv hluav taws xob, thiab ua tiav kev sib txuas thiab kev ua haujlwm sib koom tes nrog cov grid hluav taws xob loj. Yav tom ntej, microgrid yuav ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev txhim kho lub zog faib tawm, kev tsim kho internet hluav taws xob, thiab lwm yam, los muab cov neeg siv nrog cov kev pabcuam hluav taws xob uas yooj ywm thiab txhim khu kev qha dua.
Plaub, kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov thev naus laus zis photovoltaic hauv kev tsim kho
1. Kev nrov npe ntawm kev tsim cov photovoltaic sib xyaw ua ke (BIPV):Kev tsim kho cov thev naus laus zis photovoltaic sib xyaw ua ke yog kev sib xyaw cov thev naus laus zis photovoltaic nrog kev tsim kho, kom lub tsev tsis yog tsuas yog ua tau raws li qhov chaw nyob thiab kev siv xwb, tab sis kuj dhau los ua lub chaw tsim hluav taws xob, ua kom paub txog kev tsim hluav taws xob thiab kev siv hluav taws xob ntawm lub tsev. Yav tom ntej, nrog rau kev nce qib tas mus li ntawm cov thev naus laus zis photovoltaic thiab kev txo nqi, BIPV yuav siv dav dua hauv kev tsim kho, thiab dhau los ua ib qho kev taw qhia tseem ceeb ntawm kev txuag hluav taws xob hauv tsev thiab kev tsim kho vaj tse ntsuab.
2. Kev sib koom ua ke ntawm kev zoo nkauj ntawm lub tsev thiab kev siv tshuab photovoltaic:Hauv kev nrhiav kev siv hluav taws xob zoo hauv tsev, tib neeg qhov kev xav tau rau kev zoo nkauj ntawm lub tsev kuj nce siab zuj zus. Cov tsev PV yav tom ntej yuav ua tib zoo saib xyuas kev tsim qauv zoo nkauj, los ntawm kev tsim qauv PV module tshiab thiab cov txheej txheem teeb tsa, ua rau lub kaw lus PV thiab lub tsev zoo nkauj sib koom ua ke zoo meej, paub txog kev sib koom ua ke ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub tsev thiab kev zoo nkauj.
3. Kev txhawb nqa cov qauv kev tsim vaj tsev ntsuab:Nrog rau kev nrov npe ntawm lub tswv yim tsev ntsuab, cov teb chaws tau tsim thiab txhim kho cov qauv tsev ntsuab thiab cov txheej txheem ntsuam xyuas. Cov thev naus laus zis photovoltaic, ua ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm tsev ntsuab, yuav raug siv thiab tsim kho ntau dua raws li kev txhawb nqa cov qauv tsev ntsuab.
Thib tsib, kev lag luam thoob ntiaj teb ntawm kev txhawb nqa thiab kev koom tes ntawm photovoltaic technology
1. Kev txhawb zog ntawm kev koom tes thoob ntiaj teb:Kev txhim kho cov thev naus laus zis PV xav tau kev sib koom tes ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb, cov tuam txhab lag luam thiab tsoomfwv thoob ntiaj teb. Yav tom ntej, cov tebchaws yuav txhawb kev koom tes thiab kev sib pauv hauv kev tshawb fawb thiab kev txhim kho thev naus laus zis PV, kev txhim kho kev lag luam, kev tsim txoj cai, thiab lwm yam, sib qhia cov txiaj ntsig tshawb fawb thiab kev paub txog kev siv tshuab, thiab ua ke txhawb kev nce qib thiab kev siv cov thev naus laus zis PV.
2. Kev Lag Luam Thoob Ntiaj Teb thiab Kev Nthuav Dav ntawm Kev Ua Lag Luam:Nrog rau kev loj hlob ntawm cov thev naus laus zis PV thiab kev txo nqi, kev sib tw ua lag luam ntawm PV fais fab tuag yuav raug txhim kho tas li. Yav tom ntej, kev ua lag luam PV yuav nthuav dav thoob ntiaj teb, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov teb chaws uas tseem tab tom txhim kho, PV fais fab tuag yuav dhau los ua ib txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb los daws cov teeb meem ntawm kev tsis txaus hluav taws xob thiab kev ua qias tuaj ib puag ncig.
3. Kev txhawb nqa thiab kev taw qhia ntawm txoj cai:Tsoomfwv yuav txuas ntxiv txhawb nqa txoj cai rau kev lag luam PV, thiab txhawb kom muaj kev tshawb fawb thiab kev txhim kho (R&D), kev tsim khoom thiab kev siv cov thev naus laus zis PV los ntawm kev tsim cov cai pab nyiaj, cov nyiaj pab txhawb nqa se, cov nqi pub dawb, thiab lwm yam, kom tsim tau ib puag ncig txoj cai zoo rau kev txhim kho kev lag luam PV.
Hauv kev xaus lus, thev naus laus zis photovoltaic, ua lub zog huv thiab rov ua dua tshiab, muaj kev cia siab dav dav rau yav tom ntej. Los ntawm kev tsim kho tshiab thiab kev txhim kho hauv cov ntaub ntawv PV, cov qauv roj teeb, kev sib koom ua ke, kev siv tsev thiab kev txhawb nqa thoob ntiaj teb, thev naus laus zis PV yuav ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb dua hauv kev hloov pauv ntawm cov qauv zog thoob ntiaj teb, thiab ua rau muaj kev pab ntau dua rau kev txhim kho kev lag luam ntawm tib neeg.
