1. Incamake y'ikoranabuhanga rya Half-Cell
Ikoranabuhanga rya kimwe cya kabiri cy’uturemangingo rikubiyemo kugabanya uturemangingo dusanzwe tw’izuba mo ibice bibiri bingana. Bitandukanye n’uturemangingo dusanzwe tw’izuba dufite uturemangingo 60 cyangwa 72 twuzuye, uturemangingo duto tw’igice cy’uturemangingo dusanzwe dufite igice cy’uturemangingo 120 cyangwa 144 mu gihe dukomeza imiterere n’ingano bimwe nk’utw’uturemangingo dusanzwe.
2. Uburyo bwo Gukata Igice cy'Uturemangingo
Uburyo bwo gukora igice cy’uturemangingo busanzwe bukoresha uburyo bwa laser, bugagabanyamo ibice bibiri bingana ku cyerekezo gigororotse ku dusanduku tw’ingenzi. Hanyuma ibyo bice bihuzwa mu buryo bukurikiranye kugira ngo bikore urujya n’uruza rwuzuye.
3. Ibiranga amashanyarazi bya kimwe cya kabiri cy'uturemangingo
Uduce tw’igice cy’uturemangingo dupfundikiyemo ikirahure gishyushye, EVA, n’urupapuro rwometseho, bisa n’uduce dusanzwe.
Imashini isanzwe ikoresha imirasire y'izuba irimo utunyangingo 60 duhujwe, buri tunyangingo tugakora 0.5–0.6V, hamwe n'umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi ungana na 30–35V.
Iyo igice cy’uturemangingo gihujwe nk’uko biri muri module isanzwe, bitanga igice cy’umuvuduko w’amashanyarazi kandi bikuba kabiri voltage, bigatuma resistance idahinduka.
Kugira ngo bihuze ingufu z'amashanyarazi n'umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi w'ibice bisanzwe, ibice bya selile y'igice byakozwe bifite imiterere isa n'iyindi, bihuza neza module ebyiri ntoya icyarimwe. Ibi byemeza ko:
Buri gice cy'ingirabuzimafatizo gifite voltage ifunguye nk'iy'ingirabuzimafatizo yuzuye.
Umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi wa buri gice cy'ingirabuzimafatizo ugabanywamo kabiri, ariko imiterere isa n'iyi igarura umuyoboro wose w'amashanyarazi kugira ngo uhuze na module zuzuye z'ingirabuzimafatizo.
Ubudahangarwa bw'urusobe rw'amashanyarazi bugabanuka kugeza kuri kimwe cya kane cy'ubudahangarwa bw'urusobe rw'amashanyarazi, bigabanya cyane igihombo cy'ingufu.
4. Ibyiza by'ikoranabuhanga rya Half-Cell
① Igihombo gito cyo gupakira
Mu kugabanya imbaraga z'amashanyarazi imbere n'iz'amashanyarazi, igihombo cy'ingufu z'imbere kiragabanuka. Igihombo cy'ingufu gihwanye n'imbaraga z'amashanyarazi, bityo kugabanya imbaraga z'amashanyarazi kabiri no kugabanya imbaraga z'amashanyarazi kimwe cya kane bigabanya igihombo cy'ingufu inshuro enye. Ibi byongera umusaruro w'ibikoresho n'umusaruro w'ingufu by'ibikoresho.
Igihombo cyo imbere kigabanuka kandi kigabanya ubushyuhe bw'imikorere y'agace k'imashini. Mu gihe cyo hanze, agace k'imashini gafite igice cy'uturemangingo gakora ubukonje bugera kuri 1.6°C ugereranije n'agace k'imashini gasanzwe, bigatuma imikorere y'agace k'imashini ihinduka irushaho kuba myiza.
② Kugabanya ibyago byo gushyuha bitewe no gupfuka
Igice cy'uturemangingo gikora neza kurusha module zisanzwe
Bitandukanye n'udupande dusanzwe dufite imigozi itatu y'uturemangingo, udupande tw'igice cy'uturemangingo dufite dutandatu, dukora nk'udupande dutandatu duto.
Diode zikoresha ikoranabuhanga rya Bypass (zigaragara mu ibara ry'umutuku ku gishushanyo) zitandukanya ibice bifite igicucu n'ibindi bice by'urukuta, bigabanya igihombo mu mikorere giterwa n'igicucu gito (urugero, kiva ku mababi cyangwa ku mabyi y'inyoni).
Nubwo igice cy'urukuta cyaba gifite igicucu, ikindi gice gishobora gukomeza gukora, bigatuma habaho imikorere myiza muri rusange.
③ Umuriro wo hasi ugabanya ubushyuhe bw'ahantu hashyushye
Ikoranabuhanga rya kimwe cya kabiri cy'uturemangingo rikwirakwiza neza ingufu z'amashanyarazi, rikongera imikorere, igihe cyo kubaho, no kwihanganira igicucu.
Mu gihe cy'igicucu, uturemangingo twangiritse dushobora gukora ahantu hashyushye bitewe n'ubushyuhe bwinshi buri aho hantu.
Uduce tw’igice cy’uturemangingo, dufite umubare ukubye kabiri w’imigozi, tubona kimwe cya kabiri cy’ubushyuhe butangwa ahantu hashyushye. Ibi bigabanya kwangirika, byongera kuramba, kandi byongera igihe cyo kubaho cya module.
④ Kongera ubushobozi bwo kwihanganira igicucu mu gihe cy'ibura ry'ingufu
Mu miterere y'izuba, hari ibice byinshi bihujwe mu buryo bukurikiranye mu mugozi umwe, naho imigozi igahuzwa mu buryo bungana.
Mu miterere gakondo y'amapaneli, gutakaza ingufu mu mapaneli amwe afite ibara bigira ingaruka ku mugozi wose.
Mu bice bya selile, diode zikoresha amashanyarazi zikora inzira zindi zikoreshwa mu gutuma umuriro unyura mu bice bifite igicucu kandi zikagabanya ibura ry'ingufu. Ibi binoza imikorere kandi bigabanya ingaruka ku ipfundo.
Ibyuma by’izuba bifite igice cy’uturemangingo bigaragaza intambwe ikomeye mu ikoranabuhanga ry’izuba, bihuza imikorere myiza, kuramba, no kudapfukirana igicucu. Imiterere yabyo igezweho ituma imikorere yizewe ndetse no mu bihe bigoye, bigatuma biba amahitamo meza kuri sisitemu zigezweho za photovoltaic.
