Phakathi kotshintsho lwamandla ehlabathi kunye nokusukela ukungathathi cala kwekhabhoni, uphuhliso lwe-photovoltaic (PV) lwezorhwebo kunye nolwemizi-mveliso (C&I) lufumana ukukhula okungakaze kubonwe ngaphambili. Njengohlobo oluphambili lwe-PV esasazwayo, iiprojekthi zelanga ze-C&I azincedi nje kuphela amashishini ukunciphisa iindleko zamandla kodwa zikwanciphisa kakhulu ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni, zixhasa uphuhliso oluluhlaza. Nangona kunjalo, ukuphuhlisa iprojekthi ye-PV kubandakanya amanyathelo amaninzi kunye neenkqubo ezintsonkothileyo.
Isigaba sokulungiselela
1. Uphando lweMarike kunye noCwangciso lweProjekthi
Uphando lweMarike: Amashishini kufuneka aqale enze uphando olunzulu lwemarike ukuze aqonde imigaqo-nkqubo ye-PV yasekuhlaleni, izixhobo zelanga, iimeko zoqhagamshelo lwegridi, kunye nemfuno yemarike. Oku kunceda ekuvavanyeni ukuba iprojekthi inokwenzeka na kunye neenzuzo zoqoqosho, okubonelela ngesiseko esiqinileyo sokwenza izigqibo.
Ucwangciso lweProjekthi: Ngokusekelwe kuphando, amashishini kufuneka abhale isicwangciso seprojekthi esineenkcukacha, kuquka ukukhethwa kwendawo, amandla okufakelwa, izisombululo zobugcisa, uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali, kunye nembuyekezo elindelekileyo. Kubalulekile ukubeka phambili iindawo ezineendawo ezinkulu zophahla, ukukhanya kwelanga okuhle, kunye nokusetyenziswa kombane okuzinzileyo.
2. Uvavanyo kunye nokuThetha ngeZixhobo eziphezu kophahla
Uvavanyo lweZixhobo zoPhahla: Amashishini kufuneka ahlole uphahla olunokubakho ukuze aqiniseke ukuba lufanelekile, ecinga ngezinto ezifana nendawo, amandla okuthwala umthwalo, ixesha lokuphila, ukuqhelana, kunye nezithintelo. Ezi zinto zichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo amandla enkqubo ye-PV kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwamandla.
Uthethathethwano kunye nokuSayinwa kweSivumelwano: Nje ukuba uphahla lubonwe lufanelekile, kufuneka uthethathethwano nomnini wophahla ukuze kuchazwe imodeli yobudlelwane kunye neenzuzo ezihambelanayo. Iindlela zingabandakanya ukuqeshisa uphahla okanye ukuphuhlisa iprojekthi kunye. Isivumelwano esisemthethweni kufuneka sisayinwe emva kwengxoxo ephumeleleyo ukuze kucaciswe iinkcukacha kunye noxanduva.
3. Ukuqokelela imali kunye nokwakhiwa kweqela
Ukulungiselela Imali: Amashishini kufuneka afumane imali eyaneleyo ngokusekelwe kwisicwangciso seprojekthi kunye nohlahlo-lwabiwo mali, kwimithombo efana nemali yangaphakathi, imali mboleko yebhanki, okanye abatyali-mali bangaphandle.
Ukwakhiwa kweQela: Iqela leengcali zeprojekthi kufuneka lihlanganiswe, liqukwe iingcali kulawulo lweprojekthi, uyilo lobugcisa, ukufakwa, kunye nokusebenza. Ubuchule beqela bubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuphunyezwa kweprojekthi okuhamba kakuhle kunye nokusebenza okuzinzileyo.
Isigaba sokuvumela
1. Ukufakwa kweProjekthi
Isicelo Sokufaka Isicelo: Ukufaka isicelo linyathelo lokuqala ekuphuhliseni iprojekthi ye-PV. Amashishini kufuneka angenise isicelo sokufaka isicelo seprojekthi kwiKhomishini yoPhuhliso noHlaziyo yasekuhlaleni okanye kwi-Energy Bureau, kuquka amaxwebhu afana nesiphakamiso seprojekthi, isicwangciso sobugcisa, isicwangciso sotyalo-mali, kunye nesivumelwano sokuqeshisa uphahla.
Ukuphononongwa nokuVunywa: IKhomishini okanye iOfisi iya kuhlola isicelo kwaye ikhuphe isatifiketi sokufaka isicelo, esiyimfuneko kwiinkqubo ezongezelelweyo zokuvumela.
2. Imvume yokusetyenziswa komhlaba kunye nocwangciso
Imvume Yokusetyenziswa Komhlaba: Emva kokukhethwa kwendawo, amashishini kufuneka afake isicelo semvume yokusebenzisa umhlaba kwiigunya zasekuhlaleni ukuqinisekisa ukuba iprojekthi iyahambelana nemigaqo yokusetyenziswa komhlaba.
Imvume yoCwangciso: Kwangaxeshanye, imvume yokucwangcisa evela kumagunya ocwangciso lwasezidolophini okanye asemaphandleni iyafuneka ukuqinisekisa ukuba iprojekthi iyahambelana nezicwangciso zophuhliso lwengingqi.
3. Uvavanyo lweMpembelelo kwiNdalo (i-EIA) kunye nokuVunywa
I-EIA: Ngokwemigaqo yokusingqongileyo, kufuneka uVavanyo lweMpembelelo kwiNdalo. Amashishini kufuneka aqeshe inkampani efanelekileyo ukulungiselela ingxelo ye-EIA, ehlola impembelelo enokubakho kwindalo esingqongileyo yeprojekthi kwaye iphakamise amanyathelo okunciphisa.
Imvume: Ingxelo ye-EIA emva koko ingeniswa kwiziphathamandla zokusingqongileyo ukuze zihlolwe, kwaye imvume kufuneka inikwe ngaphambi kokuba kuqalwe ukwakhiwa.
4. Ukufikelela kwiGridi yoMbane kunye noQhagamshelo
Isicelo sokufikelela kwiGrid: Ekubeni ukuveliswa kombane welanga kufuneka kuqhagamshelwe kwigrid, amashishini kufuneka afake izicelo zokufikelela kwigrid kunye neemvume zokunxibelelana kwabasemagunyeni bamandla.
Ukutyikitywa kweSivumelwano soQhagamshelo: Emva kokuba isicelo sivunyiwe, amashishini asayina isivumelwano soqhagamshelo nenkampani yombane, echaza uxanduva loqhagamshelo lwegridi.
5. Iimvume zokwakha nezokhuseleko
Imvume Yokwakha: Ngaphambi kokuba kuqalwe ukwakha, amashishini kufuneka afake isicelo semvume yokwakha kwiziphathamandla ezifanelekileyo, angenise amaxwebhu anjengesatifiketi sokufaka iprojekthi kunye neekhontrakthi zokwakha.
Imvume yoKhuseleko: Imvume yokhuseleko evela kwicandelo lolawulo lokhuseleko nayo iyafuneka, equka ukungenisa izicwangciso zolawulo lokhuseleko kunye neenkqubo zongxamiseko ukuze zivunywe.
Isigaba soKwakha
1. Ukuthengwa kunye nokufakwa kwezixhobo
Ukuthengwa kwempahla: Amashishini kufuneka athenge iimodyuli ze-PV, ii-inverters, kunye nezakhiwo zokufakela ezivela kubathengisi abathembekileyo, ukuqinisekisa umgangatho ophezulu kunye nokusebenza kakuhle.
Ukufakelwa: Ukufakelwa kufuneka kulandele imigangatho yokhuseleko kunye nezikhokelo ukuqinisekisa umgangatho kunye nenkqubela phambili yeprojekthi. Ingqwalasela ekhethekileyo kufuneka inikwe kwi-orientation efanelekileyo kunye ne-ithambeka yeemodyuli ze-PV ukuze kusetyenziswe amandla elanga kakhulu.
2. Ukuqaliswa kweNkqubo kunye nokwamkelwa kweGrid
Ukuqalisa: Emva kokufakela, inkqubo kufuneka ivavanywe amandla okukhupha, ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-inverter, kunye nozinzo lwegridi ukuqinisekisa ukuba isebenza njengoko yayilelwe.
Ukwamkelwa kweGrid: Nje ukuba uvavanyo lugqityiwe, amashishini kufuneka afake isicelo sokwamkelwa kwegrid. Inkampani yamandla iya kuhlaziya inkqubo kwaye ikhuphe isatifikethi sokuthobela imithetho, nto leyo evumela iprojekthi ukuba iqalise ngokusesikweni ukuvelisa umbane.
Isigaba sokuSebenza kunye noLawulo
1. Ukugcinwa kunye noCoceko
Ulondolozo: Ulondolozo oluqhelekileyo luyimfuneko ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwesityalo se-PV. Oku kuquka ukuhlolwa, ukusombulula iingxaki, kunye nokubeka esweni ukusebenza.
Ukucoca: Ukucoca rhoqo iimodyuli ze-PV kuyimfuneko ukuthintela ukuqokelelana kothuli kunye nokungcola, okunokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kwaye kuchaphazele ubomi benkqubo.
2. Uhlalutyo lweDatha kunye noVavanyo lokuSebenza
Ukubeka iliso kwiDatha: Ukubeka iliso kwidatha ngexesha langempela kuvumela amashishini ukuba alandelele ukusebenza kwenkqubo aze achonge iingxaki ezinokubakho, nto leyo evumela iimpendulo ezikhawulezileyo kunye namaqhinga okulungisa aphuculweyo.
Uvavanyo Lokusebenza: Uvavanyo oluqhelekileyo lwamabango okuveliswa kombane, ingeniso, kunye nenkxaso-mali lubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe iingenelo zoqoqosho zeprojekthi.
3. Uhlaziyo lweMigaqo-nkqubo kunye noHlaziyo lweNkqubo
Uhlaziyo lweMigaqo-nkqubo: Njengoko imigaqo-nkqubo yamandla avuselelekayo itshintsha, amashishini kufuneka ahlale enolwazi malunga notshintsho kwizibonelelo kunye nezikhuthazo zokulungisa amaqhinga awo ngokufanelekileyo.
Ukuphuculwa kweNkqubo: Ngenxa yokuqhubela phambili okuqhubekayo kwezobuchwepheshe be-PV, amashishini kufuneka acinge ngokuphucula iinkqubo zawo ukuze aphucule ukusebenza kakuhle kwaye anciphise iindleko zokulungisa.
Isiphelo
Ukuphuhlisa iprojekthi ye-C&I PV yinkqubo enzima nende, equka uphando lwemarike, ucwangciso lweprojekthi, imvume, ulwakhiwo, kunye nemisebenzi yexesha elide. Amashishini kufuneka abe nolwazi oluhle ngemigaqo-nkqubo, agxile kumgangatho weprojekthi, kwaye aqinisekise ukuba iprojekthi iyasebenza ngokwezoqoqosho ukuze iphumelele ngokuzinzileyo. Ukuhambisana nobuchwepheshe obutsha kunye neemveliso kuya kuxhasa ukuphuculwa kwenkqubo, ukuqhuba utshintsho oluluhlaza kunye negalelo kuphuhliso oluzinzileyo.
