I te tere o te whanaketanga o te pūtaiao me te hangarau, kua whānuitia te whakamahinga o te hangarau whakaputa hiko photovoltaic i te kāinga me tāwāhi, i roto i ngā momo āhua me te whānuitanga o ngā wāhi, ko te nuinga mō ngā tipu hiko photovoltaic whenua nui, ngā whare noho me ngā whare arumoni, ngā tuanui, te whakaurunga whare photovoltaic, ngā rama tiriti photovoltaic me ētahi atu. Ka āraihia ngā kōwae rā i ētahi wāhi e ngā whare, te atarangi, ngā auahi, te puehu, ngā kapua, me ētahi atu mea. Nō reira, he tokomaha kei te āwangawanga mō te nui o te whakararuraru a ēnei āhuatanga i te whai huatanga o ngā pūtau rā me pēhea te whakatika i aua mea.
I roto i te mahi, ko ngā pūtau pūngao rā he mea hanga mai i ngā kōwae maha e honoa ana i roto i te raupapa, i te whakarara rānei, hei whakaputa i te ngaohiko, i te iahiko rānei e hiahiatia ana. Hei whakatutuki i te pai o te huringa photovoltaic, me rite ngā āhuatanga o ia pūtau i roto i te kōwae. I te wā e whakamahia ana, ka kore pea tetahi, neke atu rānei o ngā pūtau e ōrite, hei tauira, nā ngā pakaru, ngā rahunga hononga ā-roto, te atarangi rānei, ka hua ake he rerekētanga i waenga i ō rātou āhuatanga me te katoa.
I raro i ētahi āhuatanga, ka mahi te waeine pūtau rā kua whakamarumaruhia i roto i te ara iahiko peka raupapa hei kawenga, e pau ana te kaha i hangaia e ētahi atu waeine pūtau rā me te mārama. Ka wera te waeine pūtau rā kua whakamarumaruhia i tēnei wā, ka hua ake te pānga o te wāhi wera. Ka taea e tēnei pānga te whakararu kino i te pūtau rā. Ka taea e ngā pūtau kua whakamarumaruhia te pau i ētahi o te kaha i hangaia e ngā pūtau rā mārama. Hei ārai i te kino o te pūtau rā i te pānga o te wāhi wera, honoa he diode whakawhiti i waenganui i ngā pito pai me ngā pito kino o te waeine pūtau rā. Mā tēnei ka ārai i te paunga o te kaha i hangaia e te waeine kua whakamāramahia e te mārama e te waeine atarangi.
Mō ngā pūtake o te ira wera, te pūtake o ngā pūtau raruraru, me ngā mahi ārai e haere tahi ana.
Ko te pūtau rā te wāhanga matua o te waeine hiko PV. I te nuinga o te wā, me rite ngā āhuatanga hiko o ngā pūtau rā e whakamahia ana i roto i ia waeine; ki te kore, ka puta te pānga werawera ki ngā pūtau he ngoikore te mahi hiko, ki ngā pūtau rānei e hunaia ana (ngā pūtau raruraru).
Hei karo i ngā wāhi wera, me hono whakarara ia pūtau ki tētahi diode bypass; ki te pakaru te pākahiko, ki te whakamarumaru rānei ngā pūtau, ka karohia e te diode bypass ngā pūtau raruraru.
Kāore e taea te hono i tētahi taiohiko whakarara ki ia pūtau. I te nuinga o te wā, kei roto i tētahi huihuinga he 18 (36, 54 rānei ngā pūtau e raupapa ana) 24 rānei (72 ngā pūtau e raupapa ana) ngā pūtau e raupapa ana me tētahi taiohiko whakarara.
Tērā pea mēnā he rerekē te iahiko e puta ana i roto i ēnei pūtau 18, 24 rānei, arā, mēnā he pūtau raruraru kei reira, ka puta he wāhi wera i runga i te pūtau raruraru nā te iahiko e puta ana i te aho. Mēnā he rerekē te iahiko mai i te aho ki te aho, ka puta he kōpiko hikoi, he kōpiko rerekē rānei i runga i te kōpiko āhua o te kōwae me te hononga o te diode bypass.
Ki te kore e ōrite te mahi a ngā pūtau rā i roto i te kōwae, tera pea ka puta ngā ira wera. Ka taea te kite i ngā āhuatanga ira wera mā te whakamahi i te pihi āhuatanga putanga o te kōwae me te whakaahua whero-whero.
Mena nā te ngoikore o te whai huatanga i muri i te whakaitiitinga o te mārama o te pūtau rā i puta ai te koretake o te mahi a te pūtau rā i roto i te kōwae, ka kitea pea e tātou te raru o te wāhi wera mā te whakamahi i te pihi āhuatanga putanga o te kōwae me te whakaahua whero-whero. Ka whakatauritea pea e tātou te pihi āhuatanga putanga o te kōwae i mua atu, ā, i muri i te whakaitiitinga, me te whakamahi anō hoki i te whakaahua whero-whero hei tiro i te āhua o te huringa i mua atu, ā, i muri i te whakamārama.
Mena kāore te kōwae i honoa ki te diode karo, ahakoa he pūtau raruraru kei reira, kāore e taea e te pihi āhuatanga putanga o te kōwae te kite i te pihi taahiraa, engari me iti ake te iahiko poto-ara iahiko i te kōwae noa, e tohu ana kei te noho te āhuatanga wera.
