Mu kusintha kwa mphamvu padziko lonse lapansi komanso chitukuko chobiriwira, magetsi a dzuwa a PV ogawidwa m'mabizinesi ndi m'mafakitale akhala chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pakukula kwachuma komanso chikhalidwe cha anthu chifukwa cha zabwino zake zapadera.
1. Ubwino wa PV Yogawika ya Dzuwa Yogulitsa Malonda ndi Mafakitale
Ubwino Waukulu Wachuma
Makina amagetsi a dzuwa a PV ogawidwa m'mafakitale ndi m'mafakitale amagwiritsa ntchito malo okulira padenga bwino, pogwiritsa ntchito njira ya "kudzigwiritsira ntchito nokha ndi mphamvu yochulukirapo yogulitsidwa ku gridi", kuchepetsa kwambiri ndalama zogwirira ntchito ndikuwonjezera phindu lazachuma. Mwachitsanzo, makampani monga China Southern Power Grid akhazikitsa njira iyi kuti apeze mphamvu yokhazikika komanso ndalama zowonjezera kuchokera pakugulitsa magetsi ochulukirapo. Kwa mabizinesi opanga magetsi omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri, kukhazikitsa makina amagetsi a PV a dzuwa kungathandize kuti pakhale ndalama zambiri zamagetsi, komanso phindu. Makina amagetsi a PV a dzuwa a 1MW, omwe amagwiritsa ntchito 80% yokha komanso 20% yowonjezera yogulitsidwa ku gridi, amatha kudzilipira okha mkati mwa zaka 4-5, ndipo phindu lonse limaposa 15 miliyoni RMB pazaka 20.
Ubwino Wapadera wa Zachilengedwe
Monga momwe zimayimira mphamvu yoyera, makina ogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu ya dzuwa ogawidwa amachepetsa kwambiri mpweya woipa wa carbon, kuthandiza mabizinesi kukwaniritsa kusintha kwa chilengedwe ndikugwirizana ndi zomwe zikuchitika padziko lonse lapansi. Kusinthasintha kwawo ku zosowa zosiyanasiyana zamabizinesi ndi kapangidwe kake ka magawo osiyanasiyana kumawathandiza kuyankha mosinthasintha ku zosowa zosiyanasiyana za mphamvu, kukonza kugwiritsa ntchito bwino mphamvu, komanso kuthandiza kukwaniritsa zolinga zamakampani zosunga mphamvu ndi kuchepetsa mpweya woipa. Izi sizimangothandiza kupewa chindapusa chachikulu komanso zimawonjezera chithunzi cha kampani komanso udindo wake pagulu.
Zochitika Zambiri Zogwiritsira Ntchito
Makina a PV a dzuwa ogwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale ndi m'mafakitale amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, kuphatikizapo padenga la mafakitale, malo osungiramo zinthu, madera a mafakitale, zipatala, masukulu, ndi m'masitolo akuluakulu. Ngakhale kuti padenga pali kukula kosiyanasiyana, kuchuluka kwa malo omwe angakhalepo kungapangitse kuti pakhale mphamvu zambiri zopangira magetsi kudzera mu zomangamanga ndi kasamalidwe ka malo amodzi. Makamaka, denga lalikulu la mafakitale lomwe limagwiritsa ntchito magetsi ambiri ndi labwino kwambiri pomanga makina a PV a dzuwa. Kugwiritsa ntchito malo opanda kanthu padenga sikungokwaniritsa zosowa za kampani zokha komanso kumabweretsa ndalama zowonjezera pogulitsa mphamvu yowonjezera ku gridi.
Kulamulira Kutentha ndi Chitonthozo Chabwino
Ma solar panels ali ndi mphamvu yoteteza kutentha, ndipo kukhazikitsa makina a solar PV kungachepetse kutentha kwa mkati mwa mafakitale, kukonza malo ogwirira ntchito ndikuwonetsetsa kuti zida zopangira zikugwira ntchito bwino. Kwa mabizinesi ambiri opanga zinthu, izi zitha kupangitsa kuti ndalama zoziziritsira zisungidwe bwino.
Mphamvu Yokhazikika
Pa nthawi ya kusowa kwa magetsi kapena kugwiritsa ntchito magetsi ambiri nthawi yachilimwe, makina amagetsi a dzuwa amalonda ndi mafakitale amatha kukhala ngati gwero lamphamvu lothandizira, kuonetsetsa kuti magetsi apangidwa mosalekeza. Kugwirizana kwa kupanga magetsi a dzuwa ndi magetsi ambiri amalonda kumathandizanso kukwaniritsa zosowa za magetsi ndikuchepetsa chiopsezo cha kuzima kwa magetsi.
2. Njira Yatsatanetsatane Yopangira Magetsi a Solar PV Ogawidwa M'mabizinesi ndi Mafakitale
Njira yopangira makina a dzuwa a PV ogawidwa m'mabizinesi ndi m'mafakitale imakhudza magawo anayi akuluakulu: kukonzekera koyambirira, kuyika ndalama, kumanga, ndi kulumikizana ndi kuvomereza gridi. Pansipa pali kufotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane kwa gawo lililonse:
Kukonzekera Koyambirira
Kuzindikira Zida za Pulojekiti:Yambani mwa kupeza zinthu zoyenera padenga la malonda ndi mafakitale, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimakhala pakati pa masikweya mita 1,000 ndi 10,000. Pamwamba pa denga lalikulu lomwe limagwiritsa ntchito magetsi ambiri, pamafunika kuunikira koyambirira kuti ligwire ntchito bwino. Kuwunika koyambirira kwa momwe kampaniyo ingakwaniritsire ntchito kuyenera kuganizira za kampani, kuyenerera kwa ngongole, momwe ntchito ikuyendera, umwini wa nyumba, kapangidwe ka denga, nthawi yogwira ntchito, ndi malo.
Kukhazikitsa Kulumikizana ndi Kuwunika Koyamba:Lumikizanani ndi eni malo kuti mukambirane za kapangidwe ka denga, kugwiritsa ntchito magetsi, ndi zolinga zogwirizana. Unikani zopinga zomwe zingachitike, monga nyumba zazitali zapafupi kapena malo oipitsa mpweya, kuti mutsimikizire kuti ntchito yomanga ndi kugwira ntchito bwino.
Kafukufuku ndi Kupanga Zitsanzo za Malo a EPC:Pambuyo pa kuwunika koyambirira, gulu la EPC (Engineering, Procurement, and Construction) limapita kukawona malo, kugwiritsa ntchito drone air modeling, ndikutsimikizira mapulani omanga malinga ndi malo enieniwo. Kenako gululo limawunika ntchito zonse za kampaniyo ndikusankha njira yoyenera yogwirira ntchito limodzi (kudzigwiritsa ntchito, mphamvu yochulukirapo yogulitsidwa ku grid).
Kupereka Ndalama Zosungiramo Ndalama
Kupereka Mapulojekiti ku Komiti Yoona za Chitukuko ndi Kusintha:Konzani ndikupereka zikalata zofunika, kuphatikizapo fomu yofunsira ntchito ya PV ya dzuwa, fomu yolembera ntchito yogulitsa, fomu yolembetsa ntchito yogulitsa zinthu zosasinthika, ndi zipangizo zina zokhudzana ndi denga ku bungwe la Development and Reform Commission kuti lipereke ntchito. Mfundo zazikulu monga mphamvu yokhazikika, kukula kwa ndalama, ndi nthawi yomanga ziyenera kufotokozedwa bwino.
Kuvomerezedwa kwa Kulumikizana kwa Kampani ya Grid:Pa nthawi yomweyo perekani zikalata zoyenera ndi malipoti olowera ku makina ku kampani ya grid kuti mupemphe chilolezo cholumikizira. Kampani ya grid idzachita kafukufuku wa malo, kupanga dongosolo la makina olowera, ndikupereka chilolezo mkati mwa nthawi yomwe yaperekedwa.
Ntchito yomanga
Kusankha Kontrakitala wa EPC:Ndikofunikira kwambiri kugwirizana ndi kontrakitala woyenerera wa EPC. Tsimikizirani ziyeneretso za kontrakitala kuti muwonetsetse kuti ali ndi luso lofunikira pakupanga ndi kumanga. Pa nthawi yogwirizana, tsatirani njira zovomerezeka komanso zotsatizana zoperekera ma bid kuti muwonetsetse kuti polojekitiyi ndi yovomerezeka komanso yotsatiridwa.
Kapangidwe kake:Pitirizani ndi ntchito yomanga kutengera mapulani ndi njira zopezera makina. Tsatirani malamulo achitetezo ndi miyezo yomanga kuti muwonetsetse kuti zinthu zili bwino komanso zikupita patsogolo. Pitirizani kulankhulana ndi kampani ya gridi kuti mukwaniritse zofunikira pakupereka magetsi ndi kulumikizana kwa gridi panthawi yomanga.
Kulumikizana ndi Kuvomereza kwa Gridi
Kugwiritsa Ntchito ndi Kuyesa Kulumikizana kwa Gridi:Ntchito yomanga ikatha, lembani fomu ku kampani ya grid kuti muyiyeze ndi kuyesa kulumikizana kwa grid. Kampani ya grid idzachita kafukufuku ndi mayeso pamalopo kuti zitsimikizire kuti pali kulumikizana kosalala pakati pa makina a solar PV ndi grid.
Kusaina Pangano Logula Mphamvu ndi Pangano Lotumiza Gridi:Sainani mapangano ogulira magetsi ndi kutumiza magetsi ndi kampani ya grid, kufotokoza ufulu ndi maudindo a mbali zonse ziwiri. Mgwirizanowu udzafotokoza mtengo wamagetsi ndi njira yolipirira magetsi omwe amadzigwiritsa ntchito okha komanso mphamvu yowonjezera yomwe yagulitsidwa ku grid.
Kulumikizana ndi Kukhazikitsa Gridi:Akamaliza kuyesa ndi kuvomereza, makina a solar PV amayamba kugwira ntchito mwalamulo. Kampaniyo imayamba kusangalala ndi ubwino wachuma komanso chilengedwe wa makinawo, pomwe mabilu amagetsi ndi ndalama zimalipidwa malinga ndi mgwirizano.
3. Mapeto
Makina a dzuwa a PV ogawidwa m'mabizinesi ndi m'mafakitale, okhala ndi ubwino wawo waukulu pazachuma ndi chilengedwe komanso njira zambiri zogwiritsira ntchito, akukhala chisankho chofunikira kwambiri kwa makampani omwe akufuna kusintha zachilengedwe. Njira yopangirayi yolongosolera mwatsatanetsatane komanso chitsogozo chotsatira malamulo chimapatsa mabizinesi chidziwitso chokwanira komanso maumboni kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito bwino.
