Zatsopano Zatsopano mu US Photovoltaic Module Industry

Pansi pa kukwezedwa kwa mphamvu yoyera padziko lonse lapansi, makampani opanga ma photovoltaic module aku US akuwonetsa njira zatsopano zatsopano zopititsira patsogolo. Mphamvu yokhazikika ya US PV ikukula mofulumira, ndipo akuyembekezeka kuti mphamvu yatsopano yoyikidwa idzapitirira 60GW mu 2025, yomwe ikuyembekezeka kukhala mphamvu yayikulu yopanga magetsi atsopano. Ndi kukula kwa luntha lochita kupanga, kufunikira kwa magetsi a malo osungira deta kukukwera kwambiri, ndipo kuchuluka kwa pachaka kwa makampani opanga luntha lochita kupanga padziko lonse lapansi kuyambira 2024 mpaka 2030 kuli kokwera kufika pa 37%. Kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kwa malo osungira deta aku US mu 2024 kunafika pa 45GW, ndipo akuyembekezeka kukwera kufika pa 104 - 130GW pofika 2030, zomwe zimapangitsa kufunika kwa mphamvu ya photovoltaic kukhala kowonekera kwambiri. Ngakhale kuti PV ya m'nyumba pakadali pano ikulepheretsedwa ndi chiwongola dzanja chambiri, ikuyembekezeka kulimbikitsa kukula kwa ma PV a m'nyumba pamene chiwongola dzanja chikutsika. Kuphatikiza apo, ogwiritsa ntchito aku US ali ndi chidwi chochepa ndi mitengo ya ma module, zomwe zimapatsa malo ena oti makampani opanga ma PV akhazikitsidwe.

Pofuna kulimbikitsa chitukuko cha makampani opanga magetsi a PV am'deralo, dziko la United States linakhazikitsa mitengo yokwera pa zinthu zopangidwa ndi magetsi ochokera kunja, zomwe zinapangitsa makampani kupanga mphamvu zawo zopangira. Nthawi yomweyo, kukhazikitsa lamulo lochepetsa kukwera kwa mitengo (IRA) pakupanga ndi kukhazikitsa ndalama zothandizira magetsi a PV kuti apititse patsogolo mphamvu za makampaniwa. Pakadali pano, mphamvu zopangira magetsi a PV ku US zili pakati, koma mphamvu zopangira magetsi a batri ndizochepa. Makampani ambiri atsegula dongosolo lokulitsa. Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti kapangidwe ka ndalama za makampani opanga magetsi a PV ku US ndi kosiyana kwambiri ndi China, ndi ndalama zambiri za ogwira ntchito, ndalama zothandizira komanso ndalama zotsika mtengo za zinthu zokhazikika.

Ponena za njira yaukadaulo, ukadaulo wa HJT wakhala chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pamakampani opanga magetsi a PV aku US. Poyerekeza ndi ukadaulo wa TOPcon, ukadaulo wa HJT uli ndi zabwino zodziwikiratu, zomwe zingachepetse 20% ya mpweya woipa, 70% ya magetsi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito, 60% ya ndalama zogwirira ntchito ndi 20% - 60% ya madzi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito, zomwe ndizoyenera kwambiri pa zosowa zamakampani opanga magetsi a photovoltaic aku US kuti achepetse ndalama ndikuwonjezera magwiridwe antchito. Mothandizidwa ndi mfundo zothandizira, phindu la gawo la PV la ukadaulo wa HJT likhoza kufika pafupifupi masenti 5.6 / W, ndipo ndalama zomwe zimayikidwa mu zida zikuyembekezeka kubweza m'zaka 1.2, ndipo palibe chiopsezo cha patent, chomwe chimakopa mabizinesi angapo akunja kuti akhazikitse mphamvu zopangira magetsi a HJT.

Zipangizo za PV zaku China zawonetsanso mpikisano wamphamvu pamsika waku US. Ogulitsa zida zapakhomo akutsogolera ukadaulo, komanso makasitomala otsogola padziko lonse lapansi kuti asunge mgwirizano wapafupi, mu unyolo wamakampani a photovoltaic m'mbali zonse za zida makamaka kuti akwaniritse malo, monga jingsheng mechatronics single crystal furnace, magawo apamwamba a msika wa makina odulira ali pamalo otsogola. Ndi ndalama zochepa zantchito komanso njira yabwino yoperekera zida, zida za PV zaku China ndizotsika mtengo, ndipo zimatumiza mwachangu komanso ntchito yabwino kwambiri pambuyo pogulitsa. Ngakhale kuti US idakweza mitengo pazinthu za photovoltaic, koma zida za PV zidakhazikitsa nthawi yopanda msonkho mpaka pa Meyi 31, 2025, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zinthu za photovoltaic zaku China zitumizidwe ku United States.

Mwachitsanzo, fakitale yake ku Houston yakhala ikugwira ntchito mokwanira ndipo gulu loyamba la ma module a solar amphamvu kwambiri a 595W latumizidwa bwino. Gulu la ma module a SEG Solar YUKONN awa limagwiritsa ntchito ma cell 72, ndi mphamvu yotulutsa ya 595W komanso mphamvu yogwira ntchito yokwana 22.65%, ndipo kapangidwe kake ka magalasi awiri a mbali ziwiri kamathandiza kuti ikhale ndi magwiridwe antchito abwino kwambiri m'malo osiyanasiyana. Ndi chiwopsezo cha kuwonongeka kwa chaka choyamba cha 1% yokha komanso chitsimikizo cha mphamvu ya zaka 30, fakitale ya SEG Solar ku Houston ili ndi mizere iwiri yopanga ma module a 182mm ndi 210mm N yokhala ndi mphamvu yonse ya pachaka ya 2GW, yomwe pakadali pano ikugwira ntchito mokwanira ndipo yapeza kale maoda ambiri a 2025, zomwe zikusonyeza kuti malonda ake akuvomerezedwa kwambiri pamsika. Ma module a 595W omwe adayambitsidwa ndi kampaniyo amachokera makamaka pa ukadaulo wa maselo a 182mm, ndi ubwino waukulu wa kutentha kochepa (-0.29%/°C) ndi chiŵerengero chapamwamba cha bifacial (85%), komanso kugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wopanda gridi yayikulu, zomwe zimachepetsa kutayika kwa kuwala panthawi yopanga magetsi a PV ndikuwonjezera kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu moyenera.