Mu rwego rwo gushyiraho ingamba za "karubone ebyiri", inganda z’ubushyuhe bw’amashanyarazi (PV) mu Bushinwa zageze ku dushya dutangaje, ziteza imbere iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga rikoresha utunyangingo mu buryo bworoshye ndetse n’uburyo butandukanye bwo gukoresha. Mu 2024, urwego rw’ubushyuhe bw’amashanyarazi rurimo kwiyongera mu ikoranabuhanga rigezweho nka HJT, BC, na perovskite, bigaragaza igihe gishya cy’iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga.
Ikoranabuhanga rya HJT
Ikoranabuhanga rya Heterojunction (HJT) ritanga umusaruro udasanzwe, ingufu zitanga amashanyarazi ku maso abiri, ubushyuhe buke bw'ingufu, no kugabanuka kwangirika. Mu myaka ya vuba aha, iterambere mu bikoresho byo hejuru ryagabanyije cyane ikiguzi. Urugero, gutanga isuku ihamye ya KEEs mu muringa w'ifeza byakemuye ibibazo by'ikiguzi, mu gihe abayobozi b'inganda bakoresha ikoranabuhanga rya patente nka 0BB cells na ultra-thin silicon wafers kugira ngo bikoreshwe ku bwinshi. Abasesenguzi bateganya ko iterambere rya HJT rizahindura imiterere y'inganda za PV, rigatuma ubushobozi bwazo buzamuka kandi rigashimangira ubushobozi bwazo ku isi.
Ikoranabuhanga rya BC
Uturemangingo twa Back Contact (BC) dufatwa nk'isonga mu gukoresha neza silicon ya kristu. Igishushanyo cyayo cy'imbere kidakoresha grid cyongera ubwiza n'umusaruro w'ingufu. Ikoranabuhanga rya BC rihuzwa n'izindi selile nka TOPCon na HJT, birushaho kongera imikorere. Abayobozi b'isoko nka LONGi na Aiko batangije ibicuruzwa bya BC, aho impuguke ziteganya ko isoko rya BC rizagera kuri 30-40%. Iri koranabuhanga ryiteguye gushyigikira ikoreshwa ry'uburyo butandukanye no gukura kw'inganda mu buryo burambye.
Ikoranabuhanga rya Perovskite
Perovskite irazwi nk'ikipe iyoboye ikoranabuhanga rya PV ryo mu gisekuru cya gatatu, ifite imikorere myiza, imikorere myiza idakoresha urumuri rwinshi, n'imikorere yoroshye. Imiterere yayo ihuriweho isezeranya ko ihinduranya rizagira umusaruro urenze 45%. Iterambere riherutse mu iterambere ry'ubudahangarwa ryerekana intambwe ikomeye. Mu 2027, perovskite yitezweho kugera ku musaruro munini, igatanga umusaruro mu nzego nka IoT, EV, n'indege, mu gihe yihutisha impinduka mu ngufu zishobora kongera gukoreshwa.
Izi koranabuhanga zigezweho zigaragaza ahazaza heza ku nganda za PV, zitanga inzira nshya zo guteza imbere iterambere rirambye kandi rifite ireme.
