I raro i te rautaki "waro takirua", kua tutuki i te umanga photovoltaic (PV) o Haina te auahatanga whakamiharo, e whakatairanga ana i te whanaketanga o ngā hangarau pūtau tino whai hua me ngā momo whakamahinga rerekē. I te tau 2024, kei te kite te rāngai PV i te pikinga ake o ngā hangarau hou pēnei i te HJT, BC, me te perovskite, e tohu ana i tētahi wā hou o te whanaketanga hangarau.
Hangarau HJT
He tino pai te mahi a te hangarau heterojunction (HJT), he whakaputa hiko bifacial, he iti te pāmahana hiko, ā, he iti hoki te pirau. I ngā tau tata nei, kua tino whakaitihia ngā utu e ngā putanga hou o ngā rauemi o runga. Hei tauira, kua arohia ngā āwangawanga utu e te tuku pumau a KEE mō te whakapiri parahi pania hiriwa, ā, e whakamahia ana e ngā kaiārahi ahumahi ngā hangarau patent pēnei i ngā pūtau 0BB me ngā anga silicon tino angiangi mō te hanga papatipu. E matapaetia ana e ngā kaitātari ka huri te tipu o HJT i te ahumahi PV, ka akiaki i ngā whakapainga kaha me te whakapakari i tōna whakataetae ā-ao.
Hangarau BC
E kiia ana ko ngā pūtau Back Contact (BC) te tihi o te whai huatanga o te silicon crystalline. Ka whakarei ake te hoahoa o mua kāore he whatunga i te ataahua me te putanga pūngao. Ka honoa te hangarau BC ki ētahi atu momo pūtau pēnei i a TOPCon me HJT, ka whakanui ake i te whai huatanga. Kua whakarewahia e ngā kaiārahi mākete pēnei i a LONGi me Aiko ngā hua BC, ā, e matapaetia ana e ngā tohunga ka eke te wahanga mākete o BC ki te 30-40%. Kua rite tēnei hangarau ki te tautoko i ngā tono kanorau me te tipu pumau o te ahumahi.
Hangarau Perovskite
E whakanuia ana te Perovskite hei kaiārahi o te hangarau PV o te tuatoru o ngā whakatipuranga, e whakamanamana ana ki te tino pai o te mahi, te kaha o te mahi i te iti o te mārama, me ngā tukanga māmā. Ko ōna hanganga takirua e oati ana i te pai o te hurihanga neke atu i te 45%. Ko ngā putanga hou o te pumau he tohu nui. Hei te tau 2027, e matapaetia ana ka tutuki i te perovskite te whakaputanga nui, ka whakatuwhera i te pūmanawa puta noa i ngā rāngai pēnei i te IoT, ngā EV, me te rererangi, me te whakateretere i te whakawhiti ki te pūngao whakahou.
He mea whakamīharo ēnei hangarau matatau mō te umanga PV, e tuku ana i ngā ara auaha mō te whanaketanga kounga teitei, pumau hoki.
