Muchidimbu, PV inverter Inverter, inozivikanwawo se power regulator, inogona kushandiswa muma solar power generating systems semagetsi akazvimiririra kana kuti akabatana ne grid. Zvichienderana ne waveform modulation, ma inverter anogona kuva square wave, step wave, sine wave, kana integrated three-phase. Mu grid-connected systems, ma inverter anogona kuva transformer-type kana transformer shoma. Maumbirwo ePV inverter Semiconductor devices anoumba boost circuit uye inverter bridge circuit ye inverter, iyo inogadzirisa direct AC conversion power. Izvi zvinotevera ndizvo zvishandiso zve semiconductor:
(1) Sensor yemazuva ano: inoda kunyatsorurama, kukurumidza kuita, kuramba kupisa kwakaderera, kuramba kupisa kwakakwirira, nezvimwewo, masensor akasiyana anoshandisa simba rakasiyana-siyana, kazhinji sensor yemazuva ano yeHall yekutora sampuli yemazuva ano;
(2) Transformer yemagetsi: huwandu hwakawanda hwemagetsi, kazhinji BRS series;
(3) Reactor. Nheyo yekushanda kwemaPV inverters. MaPV inverters ane boost circuit uye inverter bridge circuit. Boost circuit inowedzera DC voltage kune output voltage, ukuwo bridge circuit ichiishandura kuita fixed frequency AC voltage. Saka, boost uye inverter bridge circuits zvinoshandura DC power kuita AC points. Photovoltaic inverters dzine matambudziko gumi akajairika uye matekiniki ekugadzirisa.
1. Matambudziko emagetsi: Kuderera kwakanyanya, voltage yakakwira uye frequency zvakanyanya hazvina kunaka pamagetsi emagetsi (makodhi ekukanganisa F00-F03). ① Sarudza kana mwero wekuchengetedza wemuchina uchizadzisa zvinodiwa negridi yemagetsi yemuno. ② Simbisa kubatana kweAC output terminal uye pima voltage uchishandisa multimeter. ③ Bvisa PV input, tangazve muchina, uye tarisa kuti unoshanda zvakanaka here. ④ Kana dambudziko rikaramba riripo, taura nemutengesi.
2. Kudzivirira kushoma kwekudzivirira F07 kukanganisa. ① Bvisa PV input, tangazve muchina, uye tarisa kana uchishanda nguva dzose. ② Simbisa kuti PV+ nePV- earth resistance dzinopfuura 500KΩ. Kana paine matambudziko ari pasi pe500KΩ, taura nevanopa inverter kana bhatiri kuti vakubatsire.
3. Kubuda kwemvura kwakawandisa F20 error Bvisa PV input, tangazve muchina, uye tarisa kuti unoshanda nguva dzose here. ② Kana zvikasabudirira, taura nemutengesi.
4. Radiator uye tembiricha yekunze yakakwira zvakanyanya F12, F13 zvikanganiso. ① Bvisa PV input, tangazve muchina, uye tarisa kana uchishanda nguva dzose mushure memaminitsi mashoma ekutonhora. ② Tarisa kana tembiricha yekunze yadarika huwandu hwemuchina hwakajairika. Kana dambudziko rikaramba riripo, taura nemutengesi.
5. Kutarisa pasina data Kutevera WiFi: Batanidza inverter WiFi, tarisa peji rekutarisa kuti uwane ruzivo rwe inverter, batanidza zvakare WiFi module yakavakirwa mukati kana tarisa kubatana kwekunze kweWiFi RS485 kana pasina ruzivo rwe inverter, uye kana usingakwanise kutsvaga inverter WiFi, tarisa yakavakirwa mukati WiFi module kuti uone kana isina kubatana zvakanaka kana simba rekunze reWiFi. Kuti utarise GPRS, edza simba rechiratidzo cheInternet chemupi webasa mumwe chete panzvimbo yekuisa inverter. Tarisa kana isina kubatana zvakanaka kana kuti isina simba yeGPRS modules dzekunze.
6. Kudzivirira kushoma kwe insulation Shandisa kuregererwa. Bvisa tambo dzese dzemagetsi dziri parutivi rwe inverter, wobva wadzibatanidza imwe neimwe, shandisa inverter kuona kuti insulation impedance iri kushanda nesimba kuti uwane tambo dziri kukonzera dambudziko, tarisa DC connector kuti uone kana paine shorting bracket yakazadzwa nemvura kana burnt fusion shorting bracket, uye tarisa component kuti ione kana paine black spot yakatsva pamucheto inokonzera kubuda kwe component.
7. Kukanganisa kwemagetsi anodonhedza mvura Midziyo yemhando yepamusoro, kusaiswa zvakanaka, uye kuiswa zvisina kunaka zvinowedzera dambudziko iri. Nzvimbo dzekukundikana dzakawanda: maDC connectors emhando yepamusoro, zvikamu, kureba kwekuisa zvikamu hakukwani, michina yakabatana negrid yemhando yepamusoro kana kudonha kwemvura, uye matambudziko akafanana anogona kuwanikwa kuburikidza ne sprinkler ** point uye kugadziriswa ne insulation yakanaka. Kana dambudziko riri province yezvinhu, tsiva zvinhu.
8. Inverter haipindure waya dzeDC hadzifanirwe kudzoserwa kumashure, kubatana kweDC kwakajairika kune simba rekudzivirira dumbing asi ma crimp terminals haana. Ndokumbirawo muverenge bhuku re inverter kuti muone kuti ma positive ne negative terminals ne crimp zvakakosha. Dziviriro ye reverse short circuit ye inverter inoita kuti itange zvakanaka mushure me waya yakajairika.
9. Chikanganiso chegrid Kupfuura simba regrid: Mutoro unorema webasa (kushandiswa kwesimba kwemaawa akawanda ekushanda) uye mutoro wakareruka (kushandiswa kwesimba kwenguva shoma yekuzorora) zvinoratidzwa pano, pachine nguva kuti vaongorore voltage yegrid, uye vagadziri veinverter kuti vataurirane negrid kuti vaite musanganiswa wetekinoroji kuti vave nechokwadi chekuti dhizaini yeprojekiti iri mukati mehuwandu hwakakodzera, musa "tore sechisina basa", kunyanya mumagrid emagetsi ekumaruwa, inverter kuenda kugrid, inverter yakakosha zvikuru. Magrid ekumaruwa nemainverter ane voltage yakasimba, waveform uye miganhu yedaro. Matambudziko mazhinji ekupfuura simba anokonzerwa nemavoltage emwenje yegrid isina kugadzirwa anopfuura kana kusvika pakudzivirira kuchengetedzeka. Kana tambo yegrid yakareba zvakanyanya kana isina kusimba zvakanaka, chiteshi chemagetsi hachigone kushanda zvakanaka uye zvakatsiga. Mhinduro ndeyekuona simba remagetsi kuti rienderane nevoltage kana kubvisa grid uye kutarisa mhando yekuvakwa kwechiteshi chemagetsi. "Grid under-voltage" : Dambudziko iri rakafanana negrid over-voltage, asi rinogonawo kukonzera voltage yenhema kana voltage dzechikamu dzakazvimiririra dzakaderera zvakanyanya, kugoverwa kwemutoro pagrid kusina kukwana, uye zvikamu zvegrid zvikadonhedzwa kana kudonhedzwa. Kuwanda kweGrid Over/Down: Kuwanda kweGrid Over/Down: Kuvapo kwedambudziko iri mugrid yakajairika kunoratidza hutano husina kunaka hwegrid. Hapana voltage yegrid? Tarisa mitsetse yetie yegrid. Tarisa kana grid phase defect, kana kuti hapana voltage line.
10. Dziviriro yemagetsi anodarika DC Nekutsvaga kwekugadzirisa mashandiro emagetsi, simba rinogara richivandudzwa kuti rikwire, pamwe chete nemagetsi anovhura dunhu uye magetsi anoshanda. Ma coefficients ekupisa anofanirwa kutariswa padanho rekugadzira kudzivirira magetsi anodarika uye kukuvara kwakasimba kwemidziyo pakupisa kwakaderera.
NZIRA NHATU DZETEKINOROJI MUKUGADZIRA MA PV INVERTERS
Trend 1: Inverter hardware iri kuchinja nekukurumidza, kusanganisira SiC, CAN, DSP uye topology itsva, zvichikonzera kuvandudzwa kwekushanda. Kushanda zvakanaka kweChina kwasvika A+, nechinangwa cheA+++.
Maitiro echipiri: simba remagetsi emagetsi emagetsi, kushanda zvakanaka, uye kuwedzera kwemagetsi. 2.5MW nedzimwe inverters dzemagetsi epamusoro dzichashandiswa zvakanyanya sezvo dzichidhura 0.1 yuan/W pasi pe1MW square array, zvichideredza mari yekutanga ye10 miriyoni yemagetsi e100MW. Kufananidza tambo kunovimbisa kurasikirwa kwezvikamu zveDC. Sisitimu ye1500V ndiyo ichatonga kuvaka kwemagetsi makuru. Kunze kwezvikamu, inochengetedza 0.2 yuan/W, kana 20 miriyoni yemagetsi e100MW.
Muitiro wechitatu: Ma-inverter esimbi ari kuwedzera simba nehukuru hwemagetsi payuniti imwe neimwe. Ma-inverter esimbi ari kuramba achikura simba kusvika ku80kW, kuwedzera simba, uye kudzikira kwehuremu hwemagetsi pakushandisa kwakaoma uko kuisa nekugadzirisa kwakaoma. Ma-inverter esimbi e40kW anobva kuSunny Power ndiwo akareruka muindasitiri, anorema 39kg chete. Sunny Power yagara ichishandisa kutonhora kwefeni kwakangwara kudzivirira kuwedzera kwekushisa kwemukati mezvikamu uye kuvandudza kugona kweinverter overload mumamiriro ekupisa kwakanyanya.
Trend 4: Zvimwe Zvigadzirwa zveModule-Level Mamodule akadai seEnphase microinverters uye SolarEdge power optimizers ari kuwanda. Kambani yekutsvagisa maindasitiri GTM inotarisira kuti kutumirwa kwemagetsi emagetsi emodule-level (MLPE) kuwedzere kubva pa1.1GW muna 2013 kusvika pa5GW muna 2017.
Trend 5: Kuchinjika kweGrid uye Kuchengetedzwa Kwakanyanya uye Kuvimbika Kudzivirirwa kwekudonha kwemvura, SVG functionality, LVRT, DC module protection, insulation impedance detection protection, PID protection, lightning protection, PV positive uye negative reverse polarity protection, nezvimwe zvinhu zviri kuramba zvichivandudzwa zvinowedzera grid adjustability uye system safety ye inverters.
Trend 6: Kugona kuchinja nharaunda ye inverter Nekuwedzera kwekushandiswa kwezviteshi zvemagetsi zve photovoltaic munzvimbo dzakaoma dzakadai semahombekombe, gwenga, nzvimbo dzakakwirira, nezvimwewo, kugona kuchinja ngura kwe inverter, kuramba jecha, nezvimwe zvinhu zviri kuchinja nharaunda zviri kuvandudzika kuitira kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti yakavimbika zvakanyanya.
Zhao Wei akati kuburikidza neruzivo rwemhando dzakasiyana-siyana rwematekinoroji matsva, kushandiswa kwezvigadzirwa zvitsva kuri kuramba kuchisimudzira tekinoroji yePV, kuvandudza kushanda zvakanaka kwesystem PR, kuderedza mutengo wemagetsi (LCOE), uye pakupedzisira kuwana parity yeInternet, inova dambudziko revanhu vese. Dhizaini yechiteshi chemagetsi ichachinjwa, kubatanidzwa kwesystem kuchavandudzwa, uye mhinduro ye inverter yakabatanidzwa, medium voltage transformer inogona kurerutsa system zvakanyanya, kuderedza mitengo, nyore kushandisa, kushanda zvakanaka, uye kuvimbika. Kuvandudzwa kweindasitiri ye inverter yePV kuri kuwedzera, matekinoroji matsva akasiyana-siyana, zvigadzirwa zvitsva, zvinogara zvichichinja, zvinoenderana nemamiriro emunharaunda, makwikwi zana; muzviteshi zvemagetsi zvepasi, mhinduro dzepakati dzekudyara kwekutanga dzakaderera, mari yekushanda nekugadzirisa gare gare inongova tambo 1/3 chete, huwandu hwemhedzisiro yekushanda kwechiteshi chemagetsi hunoratidza kuti kugadzirwa kwesimba retambo ne centralized ndiyo sarudzo inosarudzwa nemushandisi; 2/2.5M String inverters mumashandisirwo akaparadzirwa ari kukurawo, uye simba rakawanda, kushanda zvakanaka, uye kuwanda kwesimba ndiwo marongero eramangwana. PV + Internet ichave yakakurumbira, uye mashandisirwo e PV + esimba rekuchengetedza achava neramangwana rakajeka.
