Iyini uhlelo lokugcina amandla lwe-photovoltaic?
Uhlelo lokugcina amandla e-photovoltaic luyinhlanganisela yemishini nobuchwepheshe obuguqula amandla elanga abe amandla kagesi ukuze ahlinzeke ngezinto zasekhaya ngenkathi egcina okungaphezulu ukuze kusetshenziswe ebusuku noma lapho kungekho mandla okusebenza.
Kuyini futhi yiziphi izingxenye eziyinhloko?
1. Imodyuli ye-Photovoltaic: iqukethe amamojula amaningana e-photovoltaic (aziwa nangokuthi amaphaneli elanga) anesibopho sokubamba ukukhanya kwelanga nokukuguqula kube ugesi oqondile.
2. Ama-racking, izesekeli kanye nezintambo: ezisetshenziselwa ukulungisa amaphaneli elanga nokuthutha amandla e-DC akhiqizwe ku-inverter.
3. Ama-inverter (ama-inverter axhunywe kugridi kanye nama-inverter angaphandle kwegridi): Amandla kagesi ashintshanayo (AC) adalwa ngokuguqula amandla kagesi aqondile (DC) akhiqizwa amaphaneli elanga, bese egcina amandla angaphezulu ohlelweni lokugcina amandla, olungaxhunywa futhi kugridi yedolobha.
4. Amadivayisi okugcina amandla: Ngokuvamile kubhekisela kumabhethri, njengamabhethri e-lithium nezinye izinhlobo zamabhethri, agcina ugesi okhiqizwa amandla elanga ongasetshenziswa ngokushesha nge-inverter ukuze usetshenziswe kamuva.
5. I-EMS ne-BMS: I-EMS uhlelo oluqapha futhi luphathe ukusebenza kohlelo lonke ukuqinisekisa ukuthi zonke izingxenye zisebenza kahle nangokuphephile. I-BMS uhlelo lokuphatha ibhethri lokugcina, olwenza ngcono futhi lulawule ukushaja nokukhipha ibhethri.
6. Ibhokisi lokuhlangana: kufaka phakathi zonke izinhlobo zemishini yokuvikela kanye namaswishi, njengokuvikela ukukhuphuka (ukuvikelwa kombani) phakathi kwe-inverter yokufinyelela yelanga, ama-fuse, ama-DC circuit breakers, ama-utility input circuit breakers, ama-uninterruptible power supply output circuit breakers nokunye.
Umphumela we-Photovoltaic, indlela yokuthola ugesi kusuka kumandla elanga
1. Ukumuncwa kwama-photon: Lapho ukukhanya kwelanga (kufaka phakathi eminye imithombo yokukhanya) kushaya izinto (i-silicon) zephaneli yelanga, amandla ama-photon amuncwa yizinto ze-semiconductor.
2. Ukuvusa ama-electron: Amandla e-photon adonswayo abangela ama-electron aku-semiconductor ukuba agxume esuka ebhendini le-valence aye ebhendini lokuqhuba, awashintshe kusuka esimweni sokuboshwa aye esimweni esikhululekile.
3. Ukukhiqizwa kwama-electron-hole pair: Uma i-electron ishukunyiswa yi-conduction band, ishiya imbobo ebhendini ye-valence. Le electron kanye nembobo kwakha i-electron-hole pair.
4. Ukusungula insimu kagesi: Izifunda zohlobo lwe-P kanye nohlobo lwe-N zivame ukuba khona ezintweni ze-photovoltaic, futhi lapho kuhlangana khona lezi zifunda ezimbili (okungukuthi, i-PN junction), kwakheka insimu kagesi yangaphakathi.
5. Ukushayela ukugeleza kwama-electron: Le nsimu kagesi yangaphakathi iqhuba ama-electron akhululekile ukuba aye esifundeni sohlobo lwe-N kanye nezimbobo ukuba aye esifundeni sohlobo lwe-P, futhi lokhu kunyakaza kudala ugesi.
6. Ukuqoqa ugesi: Nge-inverter, lo gesi uguqulwa ube ugesi we-AC noma we-DC bese ugcinwa ohlelweni lokugcina amandla ukuze usetshenziswe kamuva.
Indlela ama-inverter axhunywe ngegridi kanye nangaphandle kwegridi asebenza ngayo kanye nendlela yawo yokusebenza
1. I-inverter exhunywe kugridi iguqula amandla e-DC akhiqizwa amaphaneli elanga abe yi-voltage yebhasi efanelekile ye-inverter nge-module ye-MPPT, bese iwaguqula abe amandla e-AC ngezingxenye ze-elekthronikhi ukuze inikeze izinto zasendlini, futhi uma kukhona amandla amaningi, azoguqulwa abe yi-voltage efanayo naleyo yesistimu yokugcina bese eshajwa ohlelweni lokugcina ukuze agcinwe, futhi uma kukhona amandla amaningi, azoguqulwa futhi ahlanganiswe negridi yamandla.
2. Izinhlelo zokugcina amandla ze-PV zinezindlela zokuzikhiqizela zona kanye nezindlela zokuzisebenzisa, izindlela zokushefa kakhulu kanye nezindlela zokugcwalisa isigodi, kanye nezindlela zokubeka phambili ibhethri.
Imodi yokuzikhiqiza nokuzisebenzisa: ugesi okhiqizwa ngamaphaneli elanga uguqulwa ube ugesi oshintshanayo (i-AC) bese unikezwa ngqo ezintweni zasekhaya, kuyilapho okusele kushajwa ohlelweni lokugcina; uma ugesi okhiqizwa ngamaphaneli elanga unganele ukusetshenziswa yizinto zasekhaya, ugcwaliswa kabusha kusetshenziswa igridi yamandla yedolobha.
Imodi Yokushefa Okuphakeme kanye Nokugcwalisa Isigodi: Ngesikhathi sokufakwa komshini, amandla e-AC avela kugridi yedolobha azoguqulwa abe amandla e-DC bese eshajwa ohlelweni lokugcina amandla; ngesikhathi sokufakwa komshini, amandla e-DC ohlelweni lokugcina amandla azoguqulwa abe amandla e-AC ukuze anikezwe izinto zasendlini; uma amandla ebhethri enganele, azokwenezelwa yigridi yedolobha.
Imodi Yokubaluleka Kwebhethri: Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isimo sinjani, okokuqala qiniseka ukuthi amandla esistimu yokugcina amandla agcwele, lapho amandla elanga ekhiqiza amandla engeziwe, azoguqulwa ngqo abe amandla e-AC ukuze asetshenziswe ibhethri lasekhaya, futhi lapho umsebenzi wokuxhuma igridi uvuliwe, okungeziwe kuzongezwa kugridi yedolobha.
Indlela yokuklama nokubala ukuthi zingaki amaphaneli elanga e-W okufanele uwafake
Iphaneli yelanga: LESSO 550W
Usayizi: L 2278 x 1134mm cishe 2.6 sq. ft.
Isisindo: 28kg
Amandla: 550W
Ifomula yokubala indawo:
Qaphela: Sekela amaphaneli elanga angaphansi kuka-7KW
Amandla aphelele ephaneli yelanga: 550W*12=6.6KW
Indawo yophahla edingekayo: 12 x 2.6 sq. ft. = 31.2 sq. ft.
Ukubalwa kokukhiqizwa kwamandla kwansuku zonke:
Thatha iWenzhou, eShayina njengesibonelo, ilanga eliqhakazile lingamahora angu-3.77, i-watt ngayinye ngonyaka ukukhiqizwa kwamandla kuyi-1.088KWH, ukusetshenziswa kwamahora ngonyaka ngempumelelo amahora ayi-1087.08 I-engeli yokufaka: ama-degree ayi-18
Ukukhiqizwa kwamandla nsuku zonke okuphezulu kakhulu = 6.6KW x 3.77H = 24.88KWH
Ukukhiqizwa kwamandla ngonyaka = 6.6KW x 1087.08H = 7174.728KWH
