Njengoba inkinga yokushintsha kwesimo sezulu emhlabeni wonke iba nkulu kakhulu, amazwe emhlabeni wonke agxile kakhulu ekuthuthukisweni kwemithombo yamandla emisha. Amandla e-photovoltaic nawomoya, njengezinto ezimbili ezinkulu zamandla ahlanzekile, sekuyisikhathi eside edlala indima ebalulekile endaweni yamandla ekhulayo. Kodwa-ke, amandla e-photovoltaic nawomoya anezinzuzo ezihlukile; ubani ozonqoba enkathini yamandla ezayo? Yiliphi ithemba elingcono: ukukhiqizwa kukagesi we-photovoltaic noma ukukhiqizwa kukagesi womoya? Lokhu kube yisizinda sentshisekelo embonini.
I. Isidingo semakethe kanye namathuba okukhula
Njengoba kunesidingo somhlaba wonke sokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni nokufeza intuthuko esimeme, isidingo sokukhiqizwa kwamandla e-photovoltaic kanye nomoya sikhule kakhulu eminyakeni yamuva nje. Amabhizinisi e-PV kanye namandla omoya abone ukukhula okumangalisayo, ngenxa yengxenye enkulu yomthetho kazwelonke.
Kodwa-ke, ngokwesidingo semakethe, ukukhiqizwa kwamandla e-photovoltaic kubonakala kunamandla amakhulu. Ngenxa yemvelo yokusatshalaliswa kwayo, ukukhiqizwa kwamandla e-PV kungasetshenziswa kabanzi ophahleni lwezindlu, ezakhiweni zebhizinisi, ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo zezolimo, nakwezinye izinkambu, okwandisa amathuba okusetshenziswa kwemakethe. Ukukhiqizwa kwamandla omoya, ngakolunye uhlangothi, kuvinjelwe indawo kanye nezinsiza zomoya, okwenza izimo zokusetshenziswa kwezentengiselwano zilinganiselwe.
2. Ukuvuthwa kobuchwepheshe kanye nekhono lokuqamba izinto ezintsha
Ngokuphathelene nokuvuthwa kobuchwepheshe, ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza amandla omoya buvuthiwe futhi busebenze iminyaka eminingi, buhlinzeka umhlaba ngamandla avuselelekayo athembekile. Kodwa-ke, ubuchwepheshe belanga buthuthuke ngokushesha eminyakeni yamuva nje, ikakhulukazi ngokuthuthuka kwezinto ze-photovoltaic, ukusebenza kahle kwebhethri, kanye nobuchwepheshe bokugcina amandla, okuye kwakhulisa kakhulu ukuncintisana kokukhiqizwa kwamandla e-photovoltaic.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ibhizinisi le-PV libonisa amandla amakhulu okusungula izinto ezintsha. Ukuhlanganiswa kwemingcele yokugcina i-photovoltaic kanye namandla, amandla e-photovoltaic kanye ne-hydrogen, kanye neminye imikhakha kuvule amathuba angenamkhawulo entuthuko yemboni yelanga. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukukhiqizwa kwamandla omoya kubonakale kuncane kakhulu ukuthuthuka kwezobuchwepheshe, kanti ukugxila okuyinhloko kube ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwe-wind turbine kanye nokuthembeka.
3. Izindleko kanye Nembuyiselo Ekutshalweni Kwezimali.
Izindleko kanye nembuyiselo ekutshalweni kwezimali kuyizinto ezibalulekile ekunqumeni ukusebenza kwamaphrojekthi amasha amandla. Ngokuphathelene nezindleko, ngokuqhubeka kwentuthuko yobuchwepheshe belanga kanye nokuthuthukiswa kochungechunge lwezimboni, izindleko zokukhiqizwa kwamandla e-photovoltaic zehle kakhulu, futhi manje sezisondela noma zishibhile kakhulu kunezindleko zokukhiqizwa kwamandla kwendabuko. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izindleko zokukhiqizwa kwamandla omoya ziyehla unyaka nonyaka, kuyilapho zihlala ziphakeme kancane kunezo zokukhiqizwa kwamandla e-PV.
Amaphrojekthi okukhiqizwa kwamandla kagesi e-photovoltaic adonse inani elikhulu lemali yomphakathi ngenxa yomjikelezo wayo wokutshalwa kwezimali omfushane kanye nezinga elikhulu lenzuzo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izitshalo zamandla e-photovoltaic zinezindleko ezincane zokusebenza nokulungisa, okuthuthukisa inzuzo yazo ekutshalweni kwezimali. Amaphrojekthi kagesi omoya, ngakolunye uhlangothi, anembuyiselo ende ekutshalweni kwezimali, athonywa yinqubomgomo, indawo, nezinye izici, futhi athwala izinga eliphezulu lengozi yokutshalwa kwezimali.
4. Ukuzivumelanisa Nemvelo Nokwamukelwa Komphakathi
Ngokuphathelene nokuguquguquka kwemvelo, ukukhiqizwa kwamandla e-photovoltaic kanye nomoya kunezakhiwo ezihlukile. Ukukhiqizwa kwamandla e-photovoltaic kudinga izimo zokukhanya kwelanga okuphezulu, kodwa ukukhiqizwa kwamandla okuphumelelayo kungatholakala ezindaweni ezinokukhanya kwelanga okwanele; ukukhiqizwa kwamandla omoya kuncike emithonjeni yomoya futhi kufaneleka kakhulu ezindaweni ezigcwele umoya. Zombili ziyahambisana ngokuqondene nokuguquguquka kwemvelo, futhi zisebenza ndawonye ukusiza ukuguquka kwamandla emhlabeni jikelele.
Ukukhiqizwa kwamandla e-photovoltaic kwamukelwa kabanzi emphakathini jikelele ngenxa yendlela encane yokunyathela, umsindo ophansi, kanye nomthelela ophansi wokubona. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amaphrojekthi amandla omoya avame ukudinga ukuthuthukiswa kwamapulazi omoya amakhulu ezindaweni ezinhle, okungaba nomthelela endaweni yemvelo yendawo kanye nemvelo, okubangela ukukhathazeka kanye nempikiswano yomphakathi.
Ngamafuphi, i-PV kanye nokukhiqizwa kwamandla omoya kunikeza izinzuzo ezihlukile ngokwesidingo semakethe, ukuvuthwa kobuchwepheshe, izindleko kanye ne-ROI, ukuguquguquka kwemvelo, kanye nokwamukelwa komphakathi. Nakuba ukukhiqizwa kwamandla e-photovoltaic kunamandla aphezulu ngezindlela ezithile, ukukhiqizwa kwamandla omoya nakho kudlala indima ebalulekile. Ngenxa yalokho, esikhathini esizayo samandla, amandla elanga nawomoya akufanele ancintisane, kodwa kunalokho ahambisana, abambisane, futhi anikele ekufezeni umhlaba wonke ukunciphisa ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni kanye nemigomo yentuthuko esimeme.
