Njengoko ingxaki yotshintsho lwemozulu kwihlabathi liphela isiya isiba mandundu, amazwe kwihlabathi liphela agxile kakhulu ekuphuhlisweni kwemithombo emitsha yamandla. Amandla e-photovoltaic kunye namandla omoya, njengee-energy ezimbini ezicocekileyo, sele zidlale indima ebalulekileyo kumhlaba okhulayo wamandla. Nangona kunjalo, amandla e-photovoltaic kunye namandla omoya aneenzuzo ezahlukeneyo; ngubani oza kuphumelela kwixesha elizayo lamandla? Leliphi ithemba elingcono: ukuvelisa umbane we-photovoltaic okanye ukuvelisa umbane womoya? Eli libe liziko lomdla kushishino.
I. Imfuno yemarike kunye namathuba okukhula
Ngenxa yesidingo sehlabathi sokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni nokufezekisa uphuhliso oluzinzileyo, imfuno yokuveliswa kwamandla e-photovoltaic kunye nomoya inyuke kakhulu kwiminyaka yakutshanje. Zombini ii-PV kunye neenkampani zamandla omoya zibone ukukhula okumangalisayo, ngenxa yenxalenye enkulu yemithetho yesizwe.
Nangona kunjalo, ngokwemfuno yemarike, ukuveliswa kwamandla e-photovoltaic kubonakala ngathi kunamandla amakhulu. Ngenxa yokwabiwa kwawo, ukuveliswa kwamandla e-PV kunokusetyenziswa kakhulu kuphahla lwezindlu, kwizakhiwo zoshishino, kwiindawo zokugcina izityalo zezolimo, nakwamanye amasimi, nto leyo eyandisa amathuba okusetyenziswa kwemarike. Ukuveliswa kwamandla omoya, kwelinye icala, kuthintelwe yindawo yejografi kunye nezixhobo zomoya, nto leyo eyenza iimeko zokusetyenziswa kwamandla orhwebo zibe mbalwa.
2. Ukuvuthwa kwetekhnoloji kunye nobuchule bokuyila izinto ezintsha
Ngokuphathelele ukuvuthwa kwetekhnoloji, iteknoloji yokuvelisa amandla omoya ikhulile kwaye ibisebenza iminyaka emininzi, inika ihlabathi amandla avuselelekayo anokuthenjwa. Nangona kunjalo, iteknoloji yelanga ihambele phambili ngokukhawuleza kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ngakumbi ngokuphuculwa kwezinto ze-photovoltaic, ukusebenza kakuhle kwebhetri, kunye netekhnoloji yokugcina amandla, eziye zanyusa kakhulu ukukhuphisana kokuveliswa kwamandla e-photovoltaic.
Ngaphezu koko, ishishini le-PV libonisa amandla amakhulu okuvelisa izinto ezintsha. Ukuhlanganiswa kwemida yogcino lwe-photovoltaic kunye namandla, amandla e-photovoltaic kunye ne-hydrogen, kunye nezinye iinkalo kuvule amathuba angenamkhawulo kuphuhliso lweshishini lelanga. Ukuveliswa kwamandla omoya, kwelinye icala, kubone uphuhliso oluncinci kakhulu lwetekhnoloji, ingqwalasela ephambili ikukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-wind turbine kunye nokuthembeka.
3. Iindleko kunye neMbuyekezo kuTyalo-mali.
Iindleko kunye nembuyekezo kutyalo-mali zizinto ezibalulekileyo ekumiseleni ukusebenza kweeprojekthi ezintsha zamandla. Ngokuphathelele iindleko, ngophuhliso oluqhubekayo lwetekhnoloji yelanga kunye nokuphuculwa kwekhonkco lemizi-mveliso, iindleko zokuveliswa kwamandla e-photovoltaic ziye zehla kakhulu, kwaye ngoku ziyasondela okanye zibiza kancinci kuneendleko zokuveliswa kwamandla emveli. Kwangaxeshanye, iindleko zokuveliswa kwamandla omoya ziyawa unyaka nonyaka, ngelixa zihlala ziphezulu kancinci kunezo zokuveliswa kwamandla e-PV.
Iiprojekthi zokuvelisa umbane we-photovoltaic zitsale imali eninzi kwintlalo ngenxa yomjikelo walo omfutshane wotyalo-mali kunye nesantya esiphezulu sembuyekezo. Ngaphezu koko, izitishi zamandla ze-photovoltaic zineendleko ezincinci zokusebenza kunye nokugcinwa, nto leyo ephucula imbuyekezo yazo kutyalo-mali. Iiprojekthi zamandla omoya, kwelinye icala, zinembuyekezo ende kumjikelo wotyalo-mali, ziphenjelelwa yimigaqo-nkqubo, indawo, kunye nezinye izinto, kwaye zithwala umngcipheko ophezulu wotyalo-mali.
4. Ukulungelelaniswa Kwendalo Nokwamkelwa Kwentlalo
Ngokuphathelele ukuguquguquka kwendalo, ukuveliswa kwamandla e-photovoltaic kunye nomoya kuneempawu ezahlukeneyo. Ukuveliswa kwamandla e-photovoltaic kufuna iimeko eziphezulu zelanga, kodwa ukuveliswa kwamandla okusebenzayo kunokufezekiswa kwiindawo ezinelanga elaneleyo; ukuveliswa kwamandla omoya kuxhomekeke kwizixhobo zomoya kwaye kulungele kakhulu iindawo ezinomoya otyebileyo. Zombini ziyahambelana ngokubhekiselele kukuguquguquka kwendalo, kwaye zisebenza kunye ukunceda utshintsho lwamandla lwehlabathi.
Ukuveliswa kwamandla e-photovoltaic kwamkelwe ngokubanzi phakathi koluntu ngokubanzi ngenxa yokuba kufutshane nendawo okuyo, ingxolo ephantsi, kunye nempembelelo engabonakaliyo. Kwelinye icala, iiprojekthi zamandla omoya zihlala zifuna uphuhliso lweefama zomoya ezinkulu kwiindawo ezintle, ezinokuba nempembelelo kwindalo yasekuhlaleni kunye nembonakalo yomhlaba, nto leyo ebangela inkxalabo kunye nengxoxo yoluntu.
Ukushwankathela, i-PV kunye nokuveliswa kwamandla omoya zibonelela ngeenzuzo ezahlukeneyo ngokwemfuno yemarike, ukuvuthwa kobuchwepheshe, iindleko kunye ne-ROI, ukuguquguquka kokusingqongileyo, kunye nokwamkelwa koluntu. Nangona ukuveliswa kwamandla e-photovoltaic kunamandla aphezulu ngeendlela ezithile, ukuveliswa kwamandla omoya nako kudlala indima ebalulekileyo. Ngenxa yoko, kwixesha elizayo lamandla, amandla elanga nawomoya akufuneki akhuphisane, kodwa endaweni yoko ancedisane, asebenzisane, kwaye anegalelo ekufezekisweni kwehlabathi lonke kokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni kunye neenjongo zophuhliso oluzinzileyo.
