Kev lag luam photovoltaic (PV) tau pom kev nce qib zoo kawg nkaus, nrog rau ntau yam thev naus laus zis tseem ceeb uas tau hloov kho lub zog hnub ci. Cov kev tsim kho tshiab no tsom mus rau kev txhim kho kev ua haujlwm zoo, txo cov nqi, thiab txhim kho qhov ua tau ntau yam ntawm cov modules hnub ci. Nov yog saib ze dua ntawm cov thev naus laus zis uas tsav tsheb rau kev lag luam mus tom ntej:
Ib qho kev tshawb pom tseem ceeb yog thev naus laus zis txiav hlau pob zeb diamond, uas txo qis tus nqi ntawm kev txiav cov silicon crystalline. Los ntawm kev siv cov hlau uas muaj pob zeb diamond rau kev txiav ceev ceev, txoj kev no ua tau zoo dua li kev txiav slurry ib txwm muaj hauv kev ua haujlwm zoo thiab kev siv nyiaj tsawg. Monocrystalline silicon twb tau hloov mus rau kev txiav hlau pob zeb diamond tag nrho, thaum multicrystalline silicon tab tom ua raws li qhov no sai sai, qhia txog kev hloov pauv paradigm hauv kev tsim silicon wafer.
PERC (Passivated Emitter thiab Rear Cell) thev naus laus zis kuj tau dhau los ua ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov cell PV ua haujlwm tau zoo. Tsis zoo li cov cell ib txwm muaj, PERC muaj qhov chaw tom qab uas tsis muaj zog, txo cov electron recombination thiab txhim kho kev cuam tshuam ntawm lub teeb. Qhov kev tsim kho tshiab no ua rau cov cell ua haujlwm tau zoo dua. Thaum kawg ntawm xyoo 2018, lub peev xwm tsim khoom thoob ntiaj teb PERC tau mus txog 70GW, nrog rau kev loj hlob ntxiv uas xav tau, ua kom nws txoj haujlwm ua tus thawj coj hauv kev siv cov khoom siv hnub ci zoo.
Lwm qhov kev tsim kho tshiab uas hloov pauv qhov kev ua si yog kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov hlau pob zeb diamond thiab cov thev naus laus zis silicon dub. Silicon dub txhim kho kev nqus lub teeb thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cell los ntawm kev daws qhov teeb meem siab ntawm qhov chaw ntawm silicon ib txwm muaj. Txawm hais tias silicon dub qhuav muab cov txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws, nws xav tau cov khoom siv kim, txwv tsis pub nws siv dav rau cov chaw tsim khoom saum toj kawg nkaus. Silicon dub ntub muab lwm txoj hauv kev pheej yig dua, ua tiav kev ua haujlwm nce ntxiv ntawm 0.3% -0.5% nrog kev nqis peev qis dua.
Cov roj teeb hnub ci ob sab yog lwm qhov kev nce qib tseem ceeb, muaj peev xwm ntes tau lub hnub ci los ntawm ob sab los txhawb kev tsim hluav taws xob. Txhim kho nrog cov txheej txheem xws li kev luam ntawv ob sab thiab boron doping, cov roj teeb no ua tiav qhov nce hluav taws xob sab nraub qaum ntawm 10% -25%, nyob ntawm seb ib puag ncig zoo li cas. N-hom monocrystalline bifacial cells tab tom nthuav dav peev xwm tsim khoom, ua rau kev siv hauv kev ua lag luam ntxiv.
Cov thev naus laus zis Multi-busbar (MBB) yog lwm qhov kev tsim kho tshiab uas tseem ceeb, muaj 12 lub busbars los txhim kho kev sau tam sim no thiab txo qhov tsis kam sab hauv. Tus qauv tsim no txo qhov poob ntawm cov duab ntxoov ntxoo, txhim kho kev nqus lub teeb, thiab ua rau lub zog tso zis ntawm module ntau dua 5W. Tsis tas li ntawd, MBB txo qhov yuav muaj microcracks thiab tswj lub zog tso zis ruaj khov txawm tias muaj kev puas tsuaj ntawm lub cell.
Cov thev naus laus zis shingled module ua kom zoo dua qhov kev teeb tsa ntawm cov cell PV los ntawm kev txiav thiab sib tshooj lawv, tsim kom muaj kev teeb tsa nruj uas ua rau cov cell ntom ntau dua 13% piv rau cov modules ib txwm muaj. Qhov tsis muaj cov soldering ribbons txo qhov poob hluav taws xob, ua kom cov module ua haujlwm tau zoo thiab tso zis hluav taws xob tau zoo. Cov thev naus laus zis no sawv cev rau ib kauj ruam hloov pauv mus tom ntej hauv kev ntim khoom module ua haujlwm tau zoo.
Thaum kawg, cov thev naus laus zis cell ib nrab txiav suav nrog kev faib cov cell ib txwm ua ob ntu thiab rov teeb tsa lawv hauv lub module. Qhov no txo cov teeb meem tam sim no, txo cov hluav taws xob sab hauv poob, thiab txhim kho tag nrho cov zis los ntawm kwv yees li 10W piv rau cov modules puv cell. Ntxiv mus, nws txo qhov kub ntawm qhov chaw kub los ntawm kwv yees li 25 ° C, txhim kho kev ntseeg tau thiab kev ruaj khov.
Cov thev naus laus zis tshiab no ua ke qhia txog kev cog lus ntawm kev lag luam PV rau kev tsim kho tshiab. Los ntawm kev txhim kho kev ua tau zoo tas li, txo cov nqi, thiab nthuav dav cov ntawv thov, lawv tab tom tsim txoj hauv kev rau yav tom ntej uas siv hluav taws xob hnub ci tau zoo thiab ruaj khov.
