He maha ngā momo iahiko kei roto i ngā pūtau rā, pērā i te iahiko pōuri, te iahiko whakamuri, me te iahiko turuturu. He rerekē te pānga o ēnei iahiko ki te putanga hiko o ngā kōwae rā. Mā te wehewehe i ngā āhuatanga o ēnei iahiko ka āwhina i te tautuhi i ngā pūtake o te putanga hiko rerekē o te kōwae, ka whai wāhi ki te whakatau tika i ngā raruraru.
Au Pōuri
Whakamāramatanga
Ko te au pōuri, e mōhiotia ana ko te au whakamuri i raro i te korenga o te māramatanga, e pā ana ki te au DC whakamuri e whakaputaina ana i roto i te hononga PN i raro i ngā āhuatanga whakamuri i te wā kāore he māramatanga e pā mai ana. Ko te tikanga ka puta mai i te horapa o te kaikawe, i ngā hapa rānei i runga i te mata me roto i te taputapu, me ngā poke kino hoki.
Te hanganga
(1).Tukanga Horowha:I roto i te hononga PN, he nui ake ngā irahiko i te rohe-N, he nui ake hoki ngā pū i te rohe-P. Nā te rerekētanga o te kukū, ka horapa ngā irahiko i te rohe-N ki te rohe-P, ā, ka horapa ngā pū i te rohe-P ki te rohe-N. Ahakoa te ātete o te mara hiko o te hononga PN ki tēnei horapa, ka puta tonu tēnei tae noa ki te tutuki i te taurite hihiri, ka hangaia he ia horapa.
(2).Ngā Koha me ngā Parakore:Ina kitea he hapa i runga i te mata, i roto rānei i te taputapu, ka mahi rātou hei pokapū whakakotahitanga, ka hopu i ngā irahiko me ngā kōhao, ka āwhina hoki i te whakakotahitanga. He rite tonu te mahi a ngā poke kino, ka whai wāhi ki te hanganga o te ia pōuri.
Pānga
He maha ngā wā ka whakaarohia te au pōuri i te wā e whakarōpū ana i te papara silicon. Ko te nui rawa o te au pōuri e tohu ana i te kounga o te papara ngoikore, pērā i te maha o ngā āhua o te mata, te maha o ngā hapa whatunga, ngā poke kino, te nui rawa rānei o ngā kukū tāpiringa. Ko ngā pūtau rā i hangaia mai i aua papara he iti te roa o te ora o ngā kaikawe iti, e arahi tika ana ki te iti o te whai huatanga o te huringa.
Te Au Pōuri i roto i ngā Pūtau Rā
I roto i ngā taio māmā, ko te ia pōuri he ia whakamuri. Heoi, i roto i ngā pūtau rā, ko te ia pōuri kei roto ko te ia whakamuri, te ia turuturu paparanga-angiangi, me te ia turuturu papatipu.
Iahiko Whakamuri o te Matū
Whakamāramatanga
Ko te iahiko whakamuri e pā ana ki te iahiko i roto i te hononga PN ina whakamahia te whakamuri. Ka whānui ake te ngaohiko whakamuri i te paparanga whakaheke, ka whakanui ake i te papa hiko me te kaha pūmanawa o ngā irahiko. Nā tēnei ka uaua ki ngā kaikawe nuinga te whiti i te arai, ka whakaiti i te iahiko horapa ki te tata ki te kore.
Te hanganga
1. Ia Hurihuri: Mā te pikinga o te papa hiko ka māmā ake te hurihuri a ngā kaikawe iti i ngā rohe N me P, ka hanga he ia whakamuri.
2. Te Whakawhirinakitanga ki te Pāmahana: Nā te mea ka whakaputahia ngā kaikawe iti e te wera, ka pumau tonu tō rātou maha i tētahi pāmahana kua hoatu, me te ia whakamuri anō hoki.
Au Puta
Whakamāramatanga
E toru ngā rohe e taea ai te wehewehe i ngā pūtau rā: te paparanga angiangi (rohe-N), te paparanga whakahekenga (hononga PN), me te rohe papatipu (rohe-P). Ko ngā hapa me ngā poke o ēnei rohe he pokapū whakakotahitanga, e hopu ana i ngā irahiko me ngā kōhao hei whakahaere i te whakakotahitanga. Mā tēnei tukanga ka puta he ia iti, ka whai wāhi ki te ia pōuri kua inehia.
Ngā momo
· Te Au Puta o te Papa Angiangi: Nā ngā hapa me ngā poke o te papa angiangi i puta mai.
· Te Au Puta o te Papatipu: Nā ngā hapa me ngā poke i te rohe papatipu i puta mai.
Te Kaupapa o te Whakamātautau Au Pōuri
1. Te Ārai i te Pakaru
Ina hurihia te pūtau, ina hurihia rānei te polarity o te kōwae, ka tere te pakaru o te pūtau i te nui o te ia pōuri. Ahakoa he onge, mā te whakamātautau i te ia pōuri ka ārai i ēnei āhuatanga.
2. Te Aroturuki i ngā Tukanga Whakaputa
Mā te whakamātautau i te au pōuri ka āwhina i te tautuhi i ngā raruraru tukanga pea. Ko te au pōuri he mea tito mai i te au whakamuri, te au turuturu paparanga-angiangi, me te au turuturu papatipu, e tohuhia ana e J1J_1J1, J2J_2J2, me J3J_3J3.
Ina whakamahia te ngaohiko whakamuri:
· Rohe 1: Kei raro i te mana o J2J_2J2 (iahiko turuturu paparanga-angiangi).
· Rohe 2: Kei raro i te mana o J3J_3J3 (iahiko turuturu papatipu).
· Rohe 3: Kei raro i te mana o J1J_1J1 (iahiko whakamuri).
Ko ngā rohe o ēnei rohe ka whakatauhia e ngā ngaohiko whakamātautau motuhake.
Ngā Pānga Ngaohiko
Ina pāngia te pūtau e te ngaohiko, ka puta he werohanga hiko ki roto i te anga silicon, ka whakaoho i ngā kaikawe kore-taurite. Ka teitei ake te ngaohiko, ka nui ake te whakaoho i ngā kaikawe, ka hua ake he ia pōuri nui ake. Heoi, ka puhoi te tere tipu i te pikinga o te ngaohiko tae noa ki te wā e pakaru ai te pūtau.
Whakamātautau Paerewa
Ko te iahiko pōuri ka whakamātauria i te 12V. Mā te whakatairite i ngā hua o te whakamātautau ki ngā ānau paerewa, ka taea te aromatawai i te āhua o te pūtau:
· Ko te nui rawa o te au pōuri i te Rohe 1 e tohu ana i ngā raruraru i roto i te paparanga angiangi.
· Ko te nui rawa o te au pōuri i te Rohe 2 e tohu ana i ngā raruraru i te rohe papatipu.
· Ko te nui rawa o te au pōuri i te Rohe 3 e tohu ana i ngā raruraru ki te hononga PN, pērā i te horapa, te tā mata, te rerekētanga rānei o te pāmahana.
Whakamutunga
He mea nui te whakamātautau i te au pōuri hei tautuhi i ngā take e pā ana ki te tukanga me te whakapai ake i te hanga pūtau pūngao rā.
