Zipangizo zopangira zili pachiyambi cha magetsi apakhomo unyolo wopereka wa makampani osungira mphamvu zamagetsi, kutsatiridwa ndi opanga zinthu zofunika kwambiri ndi ophatikiza makina, ndipo potsiriza ogwiritsa ntchito.
Mu emakina osungira mphamvu zamagetsi, palimagulu awiri akuluakulu a zigawo: zomwe ndi mabatire ndi makina. Dongosolozikuphatikizapo paketi ya batri, BMS, PCS, ndi EMS.
Mtengo wa batire lalikulu losungiramo zinthu (selo + PAKITI + BMS) unali 67%, malo osungiramo zinthu m'nyumba anali 35% (makina osungiramo zinthu opepuka), ndipo zinthu zosagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya dzuwa zinali 49% ya mtengo wonse wa makina osungiramo mphamvu.
Malo osungiramo zinthu ambiri Pafupifupi 10% ya ndalama zonse zosungiramo zinthu zinachokera ku PCS, 23% ya ndalama zosungiramo zinthu m'nyumba (mutachotsa zinthu zina ndi 32% ya ndalama zonse), ndi 32% ya mtengo wa ndalama zomwe zinasungidwa m'nyumba.
Batire yosungira
Mphamvu ya makina osungira mphamvu imakhazikitsidwa ndi makina a batri, omwe ndi malo olumikizirana mitsempha a makinawo. Popeza mabatire akuluakulu osungiramo zinthu amapangidwanso ndi magetsi amodzi ndipo palibe malo ambiri ochepetsera ndalama pamene kukula kumawonjezeka malinga ndi ukadaulo, mabatire nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi gawo lalikulu m'mapulojekiti akuluakulu osungiramo mphamvu.
Mu 2021,CATL idatsogolera dziko lonse lapansi pakutumiza mabatire a lithiamu-ion kuti asungire mphamvu ndi gawo la pafupifupi 25%, kutsatiridwa ndi BYD, Samsung SDI yaku South Korea, ndi LGES yaku South Korea.
CATL Mosakayikira ili patsogolo pa ntchito yake ku China, ndi makampani monga BYD,MAWAMphamvu ya Lithium, Mphamvu ya Penghui,Gotion, Pylon Ukadaulo.
Makampani ogulitsa magetsi a BMS akuyembekezeka kukhala ndi mtengo wokwana pafupifupi $20 biliyoni pofika chaka cha 2025 chifukwa cha ntchito yake yofunika kwambiri monga njira yowunikira mabatire osungira magetsi.
Zofunikira pa BMS kuti magetsi asungidwe ndi apamwamba kuposa zomwe zimafunika pa batire yamagetsi ya galimoto.
Opanga magalimoto, opanga mabatire, ndi akatswirizOpanga magalimoto a ed BMS ndi omwe amapanga gawo lalikulu la makampaniwa pakadali pano. Pakadali pano palibe mtsogoleri pamsika wa BMS wosungira mphamvu, mosiyana ndi msika wa BMS wa batri yamagetsi, womwe umatsogozedwa makamaka ndi fakitale yamagalimoto ya terminal.
Popeza momwe makampani alili panopa pankhani ya kukhwima kwaukadaulo, kusakhalapo kwa miyezo yamakampani, komanso kugawikana kwa malo ampikisano, njira yomwe msika wa BMS wa mabatire osungira mphamvu ukuyembekezeka kufanana ndi msika wa BMS wa mabatire amphamvu.
PCS, kapena Power Conversion System
Dongosolo losinthira ndi kulamulira mphamvu (PCS) ndiye gawo lalikulu la malo osungira mphamvu. Limayang'anira kuyatsa ndi kutulutsa batri ndipo limachita kusintha kwa AC/DC kuti litumize mphamvu mwachindunji ku AC loads pamene gridi yamagetsi yatsika.
Ulalo wa PCS umaika patsogolo luso m'magawo atatu: kuthekera kochepetsa ndalama mobwerezabwereza; mphamvu ya kampani; ndi kuthekera kopeza ndalama ndikutsegula njira zatsopano.
Anthu omwe afika mochedwa adzavutika kusintha makampani osinthira magetsi ku China, omwe akadali achichepere pankhani yokweza khalidwe, kuchepetsa ndalama, komanso kukula kwa makampani.
Pali kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa ukadaulo womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi opanga ma converter apamwamba m'magawo osungira mphamvu ndi photovoltaic.
EMS
Monga malo osungira mphamvu, EMS (Energy Management System) ili ndi udindo wopanga zisankho zofunika kwambiri pa ntchito.
EMS imalola ESS kutenga nawo mbali pa "source-grid-load-storage", kukonza nthawi ya power plant, komanso kukonza nthawi ya grid.
Tsopano pali mabizinesi pafupifupi 16 omwe amagwira ntchito yosungira mphamvu m'nyumba, kuphatikizapo ochepa omwe alembedwa pamsika wamasheya omwe amayang'ana kwambiri dongosolo la State Grid.
Makamaka akuphatikizapo Pylon Technology, Guodian Nanrui, Zhongtian Science and Technology, Zhongheng Electric, XuJi Electric, PingGao Electric, Sungrow ndi ChangYuan Group.
Kuthekera kopanga mapulogalamu ndi kukonza njira zogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu kudzakhala kofunikira kwambiri pa mpikisano wamtsogolo wa EMS.
Kuletsa moto ndi malamulo okhudza kutentha kwa magetsi
Kulamulira kutentha kwa malo osungira mphamvu kumayang'ana kwambiri pakusunga mphamvu kwakukulu.
Ndi mphamvu zake zazikulu, malo ovuta kugwiritsa ntchito, ndi zina, kuziziritsa madzi kukuyembekezeka kuwonjezera gawo lake pamsika wosungira mphamvu zambiri.
Pafupifupi 3% ya ndalama zonse zogulira magetsi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito poteteza moto; kuchuluka kumeneku kungakulire limodzi ndi makampani osungira magetsi, ndipo kukula kwake ndi kuchuluka kwake kukuyembekezeka kupitirira msika wonse. Zitsanzo zingapo za mabizinesi osungira magetsi ndi monga Green Bird Fire, National Security, ndi ena.
Pali mgwirizano wampikisano pakati pa ogwirizanitsa magetsi m'dziko ndi ogwirizanitsa magetsi akunja. Komabe, ogwirizanitsa ena akunja amadalira ntchito za OEM zomwe zimaperekedwa ndi ogwirizanitsa magetsi m'dziko ngati njira yolowera mumsika wosungira magetsi ku US.
Zogwirizanitsa mapangidwe a bizinesi ya zida zamagetsi zilinso ndi ubwino wina. Malo osungiramo zinthu zambiri monga gawo latsopano la dongosolo lamagetsi, kufunikira kwa malo osungiramo zinthu zokhudzana ndi magetsi, ndi mabizinesi a zida zamagetsi ali ndi "jini" yokhudzana ndi magetsi kotero kusinthaku sikuli kophweka, tsogolo likuyembekezeka kuchepetsedwa mwachangu, ndipo lili ndi mpikisano wamphamvu.
Mabizinesi omwe amagwiritsa ntchito zida zopangira magetsi ali ndi ogula ambiri chifukwa cha State Grid South.
Popeza kufunikira kwa magetsi oyendera pansi pa nthaka kukuyamba kukwera mu 2022, kupereka ndi kukhazikitsa magetsi osungira mphamvu kudzawonjezeka pang'onopang'ono, zomwe zikuwongolera kwambiri chuma cha polojekitiyi.
Kusungirako zinthu zazikulu m'nyumba kukuyembekezeka kuyambitsa chitukuko chofulumira mogwirizana ndi momwe zinthu zikuyendera popanga mphamvu zatsopano, kugawa koyenera kwa malo osungiramo zinthu ndi malo osungiramo zinthu, ndi njira zina zatsopano zokokera.
Pamene mitengo ya malo osungira zinthu zazikulu ikupitirira kutsika padziko lonse lapansi, tiyenera kuyembekezera kuwona kufunikira kwakukulu kuchokera kumayiko ngati United States.
