Ubuchwepheshe bokugcina amandla busiza amaphrojekthi e-photovoltaic (PV) ukunciphisa ukuncishiswa kukagesi futhi buqinisekisa ukuhlanganiswa okukhulu kwegridi yezinhlelo ze-PV. Phakathi kobuchwepheshe bokugcina amandla obuvuthiwe nobezentengiselwano njengamanje, isitoreji samandla se-electrochemical sifanele ukuhlanganiswa namaphrojekthi e-PV ngenxa yezinzuzo zaso zokungathinteki yizimo zemvelo, impendulo esheshayo, kanye nokuphila komjikelezo omude.
I. Uhlelo lwe-Photovoltaic
Ukukhiqizwa kwamandla e-photovoltaic, okwaziwa nangokuthi ukukhiqizwa kwamandla e-solar photovoltaic, ubuchwepheshe obuguqula amandla okukhanya abe amandla kagesi kusetshenziswa umphumela we-photoelectric esibonakalayo se-semiconductor. Ngokuyinhloko buqukethe izingxenye ezintathu: amaphaneli elanga (amamojula e-PV), abalawuli, kanye nama-inverter.
Iziteshi zikagesi ze-photovoltaic zingahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezimbili ngokusekelwe ekuhleleni kwezingxenye: iziteshi zikagesi ze-PV ezihlanganisiwe kanye neziteshi zikagesi ze-PV ezisatshalaliswayo.
Iziteshi Zikagesi ze-PV Eziphakathi: Lezi yiziteshi zikagesi ze-PV ezinkulu ezakhiwe ezindaweni ezinkulu njengezingwadule, ugesi okhiqizwayo uhlanganiswe ngqo kugridi yomphakathi futhi uxhunywe ohlelweni lokudlulisa olunamandla aphezulu ukuze lunikeze imithwalo ekude. Zivame ukutholakala ezifundeni ezifana neQinghai, iNingxia, iGansu, neXinjiang.
Iziteshi Zikagesi ze-PV Ezisatshalaliswayo: Lezi zakhiwe futhi zisebenza endaweni yomsebenzisi noma eduze kwayo, ikakhulukazi ukuze zizisebenzisele zona kanye nanoma yimuphi ugesi owengeziwe ofakwa kugridi. Ngokuvamile zisebenzisa ophahleni, izindawo zokupaka izimoto, nezinye izindawo ezihlakazekile ukwakha iziteshi zikagesi ze-PV futhi zivame eNingizimu naseNyakatho yeShayina. Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-PV esatshalaliswayo kwake kwabhekana nezinselele ngenxa yokufakwa ekuphathweni kwezikali. Kodwa-ke, kwaba yindaba eshisayo embonini ngenxa yenqubomgomo "yokuhlola ukusabalalisa kwesifunda sonke".
II. Izindlela Zokuhlanganisa Izinhlelo Zokugcina Amandla
Iziteshi zikagesi ze-PV zingasebenzisa izindlela ezimbili zobuchwepheshe: ukuhlanganiswa okuphakathi kwe-AC kanye nokuhlanganiswa okusatshalaliswa kwe-DC.
Ukuhlanganiswa Okuphakathi Kohlangothi lwe-AC:
Kule ndlela, ibhethri lokugcina amandla libekwa phakathi esiteshini sokukhulisa amandla/isiteshi sokushintsha amandla sesiteshi samandla. Amandla e-DC ayaguqulwa futhi akhushulwe ngaphambi kokuba axhunywe ebhasini le-AC lesiteshi sokukhulisa amandla, lapho ukushintshana kwamandla phakathi kwesistimu yokugcina amandla kanye nesistimu yamandla kulawulwa yi-dispatch. Le ndlela idinga ukumisa ama-PCS amaningi (Power Conversion Systems) ukuze asebenze ngokufanayo futhi kufakwe ama-transformer e-booster kanye namadivayisi okusabalalisa.
Ukuhlanganiswa Okusatshalaliswayo Ohlangothini lwe-DC:
Le ndlela isabalalisa amayunithi okugcina amandla kuwo wonke ama-sub-array ahlukahlukene e-PV, kanti i-sub-array ngayinye ifakwe idivayisi yayo yokugcina amandla, ikakhulukazi equkethe i-PV inverter, i-booster transformer, i-DC/DC module, kanye nebhethri lokugcina. Kulolu hlelo lokugcina amandla olusatshalaliswe, ukuxhumana phakathi kwe-DC/DC module kanye ne-PV inverter kungenza kube lula ukukhipha amandla, kodwa ayikwazi ukugcina amandla amaningi ohlangothini lwe-AC. Ukuze kufezwe ukugeleza kwamandla okuya ohlangothini olulodwa, i-PV inverter eya ohlangothini olulodwa idinga ukushintshwa yi-PCS eya ohlangothini olulodwa.
Eziteshini zikagesi ze-PV ezikhona, indlela yokuhlanganisa esakazwa ohlangothini lwe-DC ibhekene nezingqinamba ngenxa yesikhala esincane sokubekwa kwemishini kanye nokuguqulwa okukhulu kwezintambo zikagesi, okudinga ukucima kukagesi isikhathi eside ukuze kufakwe kabusha, ngaleyo ndlela kube nezindleko eziphakeme.
Ukusebenzisa izinhlelo zokugcina amandla kagesi kumaphrojekthi e-PV kuqinisekisa ikhwalithi kanye nokuhambisana kwegridi kwamandla ahlanzekile, kugcwalisa izidingo zokugcina amandla eziphoqelekile yizinkampani zegridi. Kuphinde kubhekane nenkinga yokuncishiswa kokukhanya futhi kunciphisa ukumoshwa kwezinsiza.
