Itekhnoloji yokugcina amandla inceda iiprojekthi ze-photovoltaic (PV) ukunciphisa ukuncitshiswa kombane kwaye iqinisekisa ukuhlanganiswa okukhulu kwegridi yeenkqubo ze-PV. Phakathi kwetekhnoloji yokugcina amandla esele ikhulile kwaye ithengiswa, ukugcinwa kwamandla e-electrochemical kufanelekile ukuhlanganiswa neeprojekthi ze-PV ngenxa yeenzuzo zayo zokungachaphazeleki ziimeko zendalo, impendulo ekhawulezayo, kunye nobomi bomjikelo omde.
I. Inkqubo ye-Photovoltaic
Ukuveliswa kwamandla e-Photovoltaic, okwaziwa ngokuba kukuveliswa kwamandla e-solar photovoltaic, bubuchwepheshe obuguqula amandla okukhanya abe ngamandla ombane kusetyenziswa isiphumo se-photoelectric kwi-interface ye-semiconductor. Ngokuyintloko buquka amacandelo amathathu: iiphaneli zelanga (iimodyuli ze-PV), abalawuli, kunye nee-inverters.
Izitishi zamandla ze-photovoltaic zinokwahlulwahlulwa zibe ziindidi ezimbini ngokusekwe kulungiselelo lwezixhobo: izitishi zamandla ze-PV ezikwindawo enye kunye nezitishi zamandla ze-PV ezisasazwayo.
Izikhululo zoMbane ze-PV eziPhakathi: Ezi zizikhululo zombane ze-PV ezinkulu ezakhiwe kwiindawo ezinkulu ezifana neentlango, apho umbane oveliswayo udityaniswe ngqo kwigridi kawonke-wonke kwaye uqhagamshelwe kwinkqubo yothumelo lwe-voltage ephezulu ukuze inike imithwalo ekude. Zixhaphake kakhulu kwiindawo ezifana neQinghai, iNingxia, iGansu, kunye neXinjiang.
Izikhululo zoMbane ze-PV ezisasazwayo: Ezi zakhiwe kwaye zisebenza kwindawo okanye kufutshane nesakhiwo somsebenzisi, ikakhulu ukuze zisetyenziswe zodwa kunye nombane ogqithisileyo ofakwa kwigridi. Zihlala zisebenzisa uphahla, ii-carports, kunye nezinye iindawo ezisasazwayo ukwakha izikhululo zombane ze-PV kwaye ziqhelekile eMzantsi naseMantla eTshayina. Uphuhliso lwe-PV esasazwayo lwalujongene nemingeni ngenxa yokubandakanywa kulawulo lwesikali. Nangona kunjalo, yaba ngumxholo oshushu kushishino ngenxa yomgaqo-nkqubo "wovavanyo lokusasazwa kwesithili siphela".
II. Iindlela zokuHlanganisa iiNkqubo zokuGcina amandla
Izikhululo zamandla ze-PV zinokusebenzisa iindlela ezimbini zobugcisa: ukuhlanganiswa kwe-AC-side centralized kunye nokuhlanganiswa kwe-DC-side distribution.
Udibaniso oluSecaleni kwe-AC:
Kule ndlela, ibhetri yokugcina amandla ibekwe kwindawo ephakathi kwisikhululo sokunyusa amandla/isikhululo sokutshintsha amandla sesikhululo samandla. Amandla e-DC ayaguqulwa aze anyuswe amandla ngaphambi kokuba aqhagamshelwe kwibhasi ye-AC yesikhululo sokunyusa amandla, kunye notshintshiselwano lwamandla phakathi kwenkqubo yokugcina amandla kunye nenkqubo yamandla olulawulwa yi-dispatch. Le ndlela ifuna ukumisela ii-PCS ezininzi (iiNkqubo zoGuqulelo lwaMandla) ukuze zisebenze ngaxeshanye kwaye kongezwe ii-transformers zokunyusa amandla kunye nezixhobo zokusasaza.
Udibaniso oluSasazwe kwicala le-DC:
Le ndlela isasaza iiyunithi zokugcina amandla kwii-sub-arrays ezahlukeneyo ze-PV, apho i-sub-array nganye ixhotyiswe ngesixhobo sayo sokugcina amandla, ikakhulu equka i-PV inverter, i-booster transformer, i-DC/DC module, kunye nebhetri yokugcina. Kule nkqubo yokugcina amandla esasazwe, unxibelelwano phakathi kwe-DC/DC module kunye ne-PV inverter lunokulungisa umbane ophumayo, kodwa alunakugcina amandla angaphezulu kwicala le-AC. Ukuze kufezekiswe ukuhamba kwamandla okuya kwicala elinye, i-PV inverter esiya kwicala elinye kufuneka itshintshwe yi-PCS esiya kwicala elinye.
Kwizikhululo zamandla ze-PV ezikhoyo, indlela yokudibanisa esasazwa kwicala le-DC ijongene nemiqobo ngenxa yendawo encinci yokubeka izixhobo kunye notshintsho olukhulu lweentambo zombane, ezifuna ukucima umbane ixesha elide ukuze kufakelwe ezinye izixhobo, nto leyo ebangela iindleko eziphezulu.
Ukusebenzisa iinkqubo zokugcina amandla ze-electrochemical kwiiprojekthi ze-PV kuqinisekisa umgangatho kunye nokuhambelana kwegridi yamandla acocekileyo, kuzalisekisa iimfuno zokugcina amandla ezinyanzelekileyo ziinkampani zegridi. Kukwajongana nomba wokuncitshiswa kokukhanya kunye nokunciphisa inkcitho yezixhobo.
