Yuav kom tau raws li qhov kev thov zog uas nce ntxiv, kev lag luam zog tshiab tau vam meej hauv tsib xyoos dhau los. Ntawm lawv, kev lag luam Photovoltaic tau dhau los ua qhov chaw kub hauv kev lag luam zog tshiab vim nws qhov kev ntseeg siab thiab kev ruaj khov, lub neej ntev thiab kev teeb tsa yooj yim. Yog tias koj nyuam qhuav muaj lub tswv yim yuav cov vaj huam sib luag hnub ci lossis pv module, tab sis tsis paub yuav xaiv li cas. Tsuas yog saib tsab xov xwm no.
Cov ntaub ntawv yooj yim ntawm cov vaj huam sib luag hnub ci:
Cov vaj huam sib luag hnub ci yog cov khoom siv uas siv los ntes lub zog los ntawm lub hnub, lawv nqus lub hnub ci thiab tsim hluav taws xob los ntawm kev hloov photon mus rau hauv electron, thiab cov txheej txheem ntawd hu ua Photovoltaic effect. Thaum lub hnub ci ntsa iab rau ntawm lub vaj huam sib luag hnub ci, cov photoelectrons ntawm cov vaj huam sib luag raug txhawb los ntawm lub hnub ci, ua rau lawv tsim cov khub photoelectron. Ib qho electron ntws mus rau anode thiab lwm qhov electron ntws mus rau cathode, tsim txoj kev tam sim no. Cov vaj huam sib luag silicon muaj lub neej ua haujlwm ntau dua 25 xyoo, tab sis nrog kev nce ntxiv ntawm kev siv sijhawm, lawv cov kev ua haujlwm yuav poob qis hauv qhov ceev ntawm kwv yees li 0.8% ib xyoos. Yog li tsis txhob txhawj, txawm tias tom qab 10 xyoo siv, koj cov vaj huam sib luag tseem khaws cov txiaj ntsig zoo.
Niaj hnub no, cov khoom lag luam tseem ceeb hauv kev ua lag luam suav nrog monocrystalline panels, polycrystalline panels, PERC panels thiab thin-film panels.
Ntawm cov hom vaj huam sib luag hnub ci no, cov vaj huam sib luag monocrystalline yog cov uas ua haujlwm tau zoo tshaj plaws tab sis kuj kim tshaj plaws. Qhov no yog vim yog cov txheej txheem tsim khoom - vim tias cov hlwb hnub ci yog ua los ntawm cov pob zeb silicon, cov chaw tsim khoom yuav tsum tau them tus nqi ntawm kev ua cov pob zeb no. Cov txheej txheem no, hu ua Czochralase txheej txheem, yog lub zog siv ntau thiab tsim cov khib nyiab silicon (uas tom qab ntawd tuaj yeem siv los tsim cov hlwb hnub ci polycrystalline).
Txawm hais tias nws kim dua li cov vaj huam sib luag polycrystalline, nws ua haujlwm tau zoo thiab ua tau zoo. Vim yog kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm lub teeb thiab silicon ntshiab, cov vaj huam sib luag monocrystalline tshwm sim hauv dub, thiab feem ntau yog dawb lossis dub tom qab. Piv rau lwm cov vaj huam sib luag, nws muaj kev tiv taus cua sov siab, thiab tsim hluav taws xob ntau dua hauv qhov kub siab. Tab sis nrog kev txhim kho thev naus laus zis thiab kev txhim kho ntawm kev tsim khoom silicon, cov vaj huam sib luag monocrystalline tau dhau los ua cov khoom tseem ceeb hauv kev ua lag luam. Qhov laj thawj yog qhov txwv ntawm polycrystalline silicon hauv kev ua haujlwm, uas tsuas yog tuaj yeem ncav cuag qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm 20%, thaum qhov ua haujlwm ntawm cov vaj huam sib luag monocrystalline feem ntau yog 21-24%. Thiab qhov sib txawv ntawm tus nqi ntawm lawv tab tom nqaim, yog li ntawd, cov vaj huam sib luag monocrystalline yog qhov kev xaiv thoob ntiaj teb tshaj plaws.
Cov vaj huam sib luag polycrystalline yog ua los ntawm silicon wafer, uas ua rau cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim cov roj teeb yooj yim - tus nqi qis, tus nqi qis. Tsis zoo li cov vaj huam sib luag monocrystalline, cov vaj huam sib luag polycrystalline cell yog xiav thaum cuam tshuam lub teeb. Qhov ntawd yog qhov sib txawv ntawm cov khoom silicon thiab cov siv lead ua silicon ntshiab hauv xim.
PERC sawv cev rau Passivated Emitter thiab Rear Cell, thiab tseem hu ua 'rear cell', uas yog tsim los ntawm cov thev naus laus zis siab heev. Hom vaj huam sib luag hnub ci no ua haujlwm tau zoo dua los ntawm kev ntxiv ib txheej tom qab cov hlwb hnub ci. Cov vaj huam sib luag hnub ci ib txwm nqus tau lub hnub ci tsuas yog rau qee qhov, thiab qee lub teeb hla ncaj qha los ntawm lawv. Txheej ntxiv hauv PERC vaj huam sib luag hnub ci tuaj yeem nqus lub teeb hla dhau dua thiab txhim kho kev ua haujlwm tau zoo. PERC thev naus laus zis feem ntau yog siv rau hauv cov vaj huam sib luag monocrystalline, thiab nws lub zog ntsuas yog qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov vaj huam sib luag hnub ci hauv khw.
Txawv ntawm cov vaj huam sib luag monocrystalline thiab cov vaj huam sib luag polycrystalline, cov vaj huam sib luag nyias nyias yog ua los ntawm lwm cov ntaub ntawv, uas feem ntau yog hais txog: cadmium telluride (CdTe) thiab tooj liab indium gallium selenide (CIGS). Cov ntaub ntawv no tau muab tso rau ntawm iav lossis yas backplanes es tsis txhob silicon, ua rau cov vaj huam sib luag nyias nyias yooj yim rau kev teeb tsa. Yog li ntawd, koj tuaj yeem txuag tau ntau tus nqi teeb tsa. Tab sis nws qhov kev ua tau zoo hauv kev ua haujlwm yog qhov phem tshaj plaws, nrog rau qhov ua tau zoo tshaj plaws ntawm tsuas yog 15%. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws muaj lub neej luv dua piv rau cov vaj huam sib luag monocrystalline thiab cov vaj huam sib luag polycrystalline.
Koj tuaj yeem xaiv cov vaj huam sib luag zoo li cas?
Nws nyob ntawm koj cov kev xav tau thiab qhov chaw uas koj siv nws.
Ua ntej, yog tias koj yog tus neeg siv nyob hauv tsev thiab muaj thaj chaw tsawg rau kev tso lub hnub ci vaj huam sib luag. Tom qab ntawd cov hnub ci vaj huam sib luag nrog kev ua haujlwm zoo dua xws li cov vaj huam sib luag monocrystalline lossis PERC monocrystalline vaj huam sib luag yuav zoo dua. Lawv muaj lub zog tso zis siab dua thiab yog li ntawd yog cov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws rau thaj chaw me me kom ua kom muaj peev xwm ntau tshaj plaws. Yog tias koj chim siab nrog cov nqi hluav taws xob siab lossis coj nws ua kev nqis peev los ntawm kev muag hluav taws xob rau cov tuam txhab hluav taws xob fais fab, cov vaj huam sib luag monocrystalline yuav tsis ua rau koj poob siab. Txawm hais tias nws raug nqi ntau dua li cov vaj huam sib luag polycrystalline hauv theem pib, tab sis thaum kawg, nws muab lub peev xwm siab dua thiab pab koj txo koj cov nqi hluav taws xob. Thaum koj cov nyiaj tau los ntawm kev txuag cov nqi thiab muag hluav taws xob (yog tias koj lub inverter nyob rau hauv-grid) them rau cov nqi ntawm cov khoom siv photovoltaic, koj tuaj yeem tau txais nyiaj los ntawm kev muag hluav taws xob. Qhov kev xaiv no kuj siv tau rau cov chaw tsim khoom lossis cov tsev lag luam uas muaj qhov chaw txwv.
Qhov xwm txheej rau kev teeb tsa polycrystalline panels yog qhov tsis sib xws. Vim lawv tus nqi qis, nws siv tau rau cov chaw tsim khoom lossis cov tsev lag luam uas muaj chaw txaus los teeb tsa panels. Vim tias cov chaw no muaj chaw txaus los tso cov hnub ci panels los ua kom tsis muaj txiaj ntsig zoo. Rau hom xwm txheej no, polycrystalline panels muab kev ua tau zoo heev.
Raws li cov vaj huam sib luag nyias nyias, lawv feem ntau siv rau hauv cov haujlwm loj vim lawv tus nqi qis thiab ua haujlwm tau zoo lossis cov ru tsev ntawm cov tsev lag luam loj uas tsis tuaj yeem txhawb nqa qhov hnyav ntawm cov vaj huam sib luag hnub ci. Los yog koj tuaj yeem tso lawv rau ntawm cov tsheb ua si thiab nkoj ua 'cov nroj tsuag nqa tau'.
Tag nrho hauv txhua yam, xaiv kom zoo thaum yuav cov vaj huam sib luag hnub ci, vim lawv lub neej siv tau txog 20 xyoo. Tab sis nws tsis nyuaj li koj xav, tsuas yog raws li qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm txhua hom vaj huam sib luag hnub ci, thiab ua ke nrog koj tus kheej xav tau, ces koj tuaj yeem tau txais cov lus teb zoo meej.
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