Ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nesidingo esikhulayo samandla, imboni entsha yamandla ikhule kakhulu eminyakeni emihlanu edlule. Phakathi kwazo, imboni ye-Photovoltaic isibe yindawo eshisayo embonini entsha yamandla ngenxa yokuthembeka kwayo nokuzinza, impilo yayo ende yesevisi kanye nokufakwa okulula. Uma muva nje unombono wokuthenga amaphaneli elanga noma i-pv module, kodwa ungazi ukuthi ungakhetha kanjani. Bheka nje lesi sihloko.
Ulwazi oluyisisekelo lwamaphaneli elanga:
Amaphaneli elanga empeleni ayizinto ezazisetshenziswa ukubamba amandla avela elangeni, amunca ukukhanya kwelanga futhi akhiqize ugesi ngokuguqula i-photon ibe yi-electron, futhi leyo nqubo ibizwa ngokuthi umphumela we-Photovoltaic. Lapho ukukhanya kwelanga kukhanya kuphaneli yelanga, ama-photoelectron kumaphaneli akhuthazwa yimisebe yelanga, okuwavumela ukuthi akhe ama-photoelectron pair. I-electron eyodwa igeleza iye ku-anode kanti enye i-electron igeleza iye ku-cathode, yakha umzila wamanje. Amaphaneli e-silicon anempilo yenkonzo engaphezu kweminyaka engama-25, kodwa ngokwanda kwamahora okusebenzisa, ukusebenza kwawo kuzokwehla ngesivinini esingaba ngu-0.8% ngonyaka. Ngakho ungakhathazeki, ngisho nangemva kweminyaka eyi-10 yokusetshenziswa, amaphaneli akho asaqhubeka nokusebenza okuphezulu kokukhipha.
Kulezi zinsuku, imikhiqizo eyinhloko emakethe ifaka amaphaneli e-monocrystalline, amaphaneli e-polycrystalline, amaphaneli e-PERC kanye namaphaneli e-thin-film.
Phakathi kwalezo zinhlobo zamaphaneli elanga, amaphaneli e-monocrystalline yiwona asebenza kahle kakhulu kodwa futhi abiza kakhulu. Lokhu kungenxa yenqubo yokukhiqiza - ngoba amaseli elanga enziwa ngamakristalu e-silicon ngamanye, abakhiqizi kufanele bathwale izindleko zokwenza lawo makristalu. Le nqubo, eyaziwa ngokuthi inqubo ye-Czochralase, idla amandla amaningi futhi idala imfucuza ye-silicon (engasetshenziswa ukukhiqiza amaseli elanga e-polycrystalline).
Nakuba ibiza kakhulu kuneziphaneli ze-polycrystalline, isebenza kahle futhi isebenza kahle kakhulu. Ngenxa yokusebenzisana kwe-silicon ekhanyayo nehlanzekile, amaphaneli e-monocrystalline avela ngombala omnyama, futhi ngokuvamile amhlophe noma amnyama ngemuva. Uma kuqhathaniswa namanye amaphaneli, inokumelana nokushisa okuphezulu, futhi ikhiqiza amandla amaningi ngaphansi kokushisa okuphezulu. Kodwa ngokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe kanye nokuthuthukiswa kokukhiqizwa kwe-silicon, amaphaneli e-monocrystalline abe umkhiqizo ojwayelekile emakethe. Isizathu siwumkhawulo wokusebenza kahle kwe-silicon ye-polycrystalline, okungafinyelela kuphela ku-20%, kuyilapho ukusebenza kahle kwamaphaneli e-monocrystalline ngokuvamile kungu-21-24%. Futhi igebe lentengo phakathi kwawo liyancipha, ngakho-ke, amaphaneli e-monocrystalline ayinketho ebanzi kakhulu.
Amaphaneli e-polycrystalline enziwa nge-silicon wafer, okwenza inqubo yokukhiqiza amabhethri ibe lula -- izindleko eziphansi, intengo ephansi. Ngokungafani namaphaneli e-monocrystalline, amaseli amaphaneli e-polycrystalline aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngenkathi ekhombisa ukukhanya. Yilokho umehluko phakathi kwezingcezu ze-silicon kanye nekristalu ye-silicon emsulwa ngombala.
I-PERC imele i-Passivated Emitter kanye ne-Rear Cell, futhi ibizwa nangokuthi 'i-rear cell', ekhiqizwa ngobuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe. Lolu hlobo lwephaneli yelanga lusebenza kahle kakhulu ngokungeza ungqimba ngemuva kwamaseli elanga. Amaphaneli elanga avamile amunca ukukhanya kwelanga kuphela ngezinga elithile, futhi ukukhanya okuthile kudlula ngqo kuwo. Ungqimba olwengeziwe kuphaneli yelanga ye-PERC lungamunca ukukhanya okudlulayo futhi luthuthukise ukusebenza kahle. Ubuchwepheshe be-PERC buvame ukusetshenziswa kumaphaneli e-monocrystalline, futhi amandla ayo alinganiselwe aphezulu kakhulu phakathi kwamaphaneli elanga emakethe.
Ngokungafani namaphaneli e-monocrystalline namaphaneli e-polycrystalline, amaphaneli e-thin-film enziwe ngezinye izinto, eziphathelene kakhulu: i-cadmium telluride (CdTe) kanye ne-copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS). Lezi zinto zifakwa ezinqolobaneni zeglasi noma zepulasitiki esikhundleni se-silicon, okwenza kube lula ukufaka amaphaneli e-thin-film. Ngakho-ke, ungonga izindleko eziningi zokufaka. Kodwa ukusebenza kwayo kahle kakhulu kubi kakhulu, ngokusebenza kahle okuphezulu okungu-15% kuphela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inesikhathi esifushane sokuphila uma kuqhathaniswa namaphaneli e-monocrystalline namaphaneli e-polycrystalline.
Ungakhetha kanjani amaphaneli afanele?
Kuya ngezidingo zakho kanye nendawo oyisebenzisa kuyo.
Okokuqala, uma ungumsebenzisi wendawo yokuhlala futhi unendawo elinganiselwe yokufaka uhlelo lwamaphaneli elanga. Amaphaneli elanga asebenza kahle kakhulu njengamaphaneli e-monocrystalline noma amaphaneli e-PERC monocrystalline azoba ngcono. Anamandla okukhipha aphezulu ngakho-ke ayizinketho eziphelele kakhulu zendawo encane ukuze kwandiswe umthamo. Uma ucasulwa yizikweletu zikagesi eziphezulu noma ukuthatha njengokutshalwa kwezimali ngokuthengisa ugesi ezinkampanini zamandla kagesi, amaphaneli e-monocrystalline ngeke akudumaze. Nakuba kubiza ngaphezu kwamaphaneli e-polycrystalline esigabeni sokuqala, kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kunikeza umthamo ophezulu futhi kukusiza ukunciphisa izikweletu zakho zikagesi. Lapho imali yakho ekongeni izikweletu nokuthengisa ugesi (uma i-inverter yakho ikwigridi) imboza izindleko zesethi yamadivayisi e-photovoltaic, ungakhokhelwa nangokuthengisa ugesi. Lolu khetho lusebenza nasezimbonini noma ezakhiweni zezentengiselwano ezinqunyelwe isikhala.
Isimo sokufaka amaphaneli e-polycrystalline ngokusobala siphambene nalokho. Ngenxa yezindleko zawo eziphansi, siyasebenza ezimbonini noma ezakhiweni zezentengiselwano ezinesikhala esanele sokufaka amaphaneli. Ngoba lezi zikhungo zinezindawo ezanele zokubeka amaphaneli elanga ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nokuntuleka kokusebenza kahle. Kulesi simo, amaphaneli e-polycrystalline anikeza ukusebenza okuhle kakhulu kwezindleko.
Ngokuphathelene namaphaneli efilimu encane, ngokuvamile ayesetshenziswa kumaphrojekthi amakhulu ngenxa yezindleko zawo eziphansi kanye nokusebenza kahle noma uphahla lwezakhiwo ezinkulu zezentengiselwano ezingakwazi ukuthwala isisindo samaphaneli elanga. Noma ungawabeka ngisho nasezimotweni zokuzijabulisa nasezikebheni 'njengesitshalo esithwalwayo'.
Sekukonke, khetha ngokucophelela lapho uthenga amaphaneli elanga, njengoba isikhathi sawo sokuphila singafinyelela eminyakeni engama-20 ngokwesilinganiso. Kodwa akunzima njengoba ucabanga, ngokwezinzuzo kanye nokungalungi kohlobo ngalunye lwephaneli yelanga, bese uhlanganisa nezidingo zakho, khona-ke ungathola impendulo ephelele.
If you are looking for solar panel price, feel free to contact us by email: info@lessososolar.com
