Pofuna kukwaniritsa kufunikira kwa mphamvu komwe kukukulirakulira, makampani atsopano opanga mphamvu apita patsogolo kwambiri m'zaka zisanu zapitazi. Pakati pawo, makampani opanga mphamvu zamagetsi (photovoltaic) akhala otchuka kwambiri mumakampani atsopano opanga mphamvu chifukwa cha kudalirika kwawo komanso kukhazikika kwawo, moyo wautali komanso kuyika kosavuta. Ngati mwangoganiza zogula ma solar panels kapena pv module posachedwapa, koma simukudziwa momwe mungasankhire, ingoyang'anani nkhaniyi.
Mfundo zazikulu zokhudza ma solar panels:
Ma solar panels kwenikweni ndi zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kugwira mphamvu kuchokera ku dzuwa, zimayamwa kuwala kwa dzuwa ndikupanga magetsi posintha photon kukhala electron, ndipo njirayi imatchedwa Photovoltaic effect. Pamene kuwala kwa dzuwa kukuwalira pa solar panel, ma photoelectron omwe ali pama panels amalimbikitsidwa ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa, zomwe zimawalola kupanga ma photoelectron awiriawiri. Electron imodzi imapita ku anode ndipo electron inayo imapita ku cathode, ndikupanga njira yamagetsi. Ma silicon panels amakhala ndi moyo wautumiki wa zaka zoposa 25, koma ndi kuwonjezeka kwa maola ogwiritsa ntchito, mphamvu zawo zidzachepa mofulumira pafupifupi 0.8% pachaka. Chifukwa chake musadandaule, ngakhale mutagwiritsa ntchito zaka 10, ma panels anu amakhalabe ndi mphamvu yotulutsa mphamvu zambiri.
Masiku ano, zinthu zomwe zikupezeka pamsika zikuphatikizapo ma monocrystalline panels, ma polycrystalline panels, ma PERC panels ndi ma thin-film panels.
Pakati pa mitundu imeneyo ya ma solar panels, ma monocrystalline panels ndi omwe amagwira ntchito bwino kwambiri komanso okwera mtengo kwambiri. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha njira yopangira - chifukwa ma solar cell amapangidwa kuchokera ku ma silicon crystals osiyanasiyana, opanga ayenera kulipira ndalama zopangira ma crystals amenewo. Njira imeneyi, yomwe imadziwika kuti Czochralase process, imagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri ndipo imapanga zinyalala za silicon (zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito popanga ma polycrystalline solar cells).
Ngakhale kuti ndi yokwera mtengo kuposa ma polycrystalline panels, ndi yothandiza komanso yogwira ntchito bwino kwambiri. Chifukwa cha kuyanjana kwa silicon yopepuka ndi yoyera, ma monocrystalline panels amawoneka akuda, ndipo nthawi zambiri amakhala oyera kapena akuda kumbuyo. Poyerekeza ndi ma panels ena, ali ndi kukana kutentha kwambiri, ndipo amapanga mphamvu zambiri kutentha kwambiri. Koma chifukwa cha chitukuko cha ukadaulo ndi kusintha kwa kupanga silicon, ma monocrystalline panels akhala chinthu chachikulu pamsika. Chifukwa chake ndi kuchepa kwa polycrystalline silicon mu magwiridwe antchito, omwe amatha kufika pa 20% yokha, pomwe magwiridwe antchito a ma monocrystalline panels nthawi zambiri amakhala 21-24%. Ndipo kusiyana kwamitengo pakati pawo kukuchepa, chifukwa chake, ma monocrystalline panels ndi omwe amasankhidwa kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi.
Mapanelo a polycrystalline amapangidwa ndi silicon wafer, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ntchito yopanga mabatire ikhale yosavuta - mtengo wotsika komanso wotsika. Mosiyana ndi mapanelo a monocrystalline, ma cell a mapanelo a polycrystalline ndi abuluu pomwe akuwonetsa kuwala. Ndiko kusiyana pakati pa zidutswa za silicon ndi kristalo wa silicon weniweni.
PERC imayimira Passivated Emitter ndi Rear Cell, komanso imatchedwa 'rear cell', yomwe imapangidwa muukadaulo wapamwamba. Mtundu uwu wa solar panel umagwira ntchito bwino powonjezera gawo kumbuyo kwa maselo a solar. Ma solar panel wamba amayamwa kuwala kwa dzuwa pamlingo winawake, ndipo kuwala kwina kumadutsa mwachindunji mwa iwo. Gawo lowonjezera mu PERC solar panel limatha kuyamwanso kuwala komwe kumadutsa ndikuwonjezera magwiridwe antchito. Ukadaulo wa PERC nthawi zambiri umagwiritsidwa ntchito mu ma monocrystalline panels, ndipo mphamvu yake yovomerezeka ndiyo yapamwamba kwambiri pakati pa ma solar panels pamsika.
Mosiyana ndi ma panel a monocrystalline ndi ma panel a polycrystalline, ma panel a thin-film amapangidwa ndi zinthu zina, zomwe makamaka zimakhala ndi: cadmium telluride (CdTe) ndi copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS). Zipangizozi zimayikidwa pa magalasi kapena mapulasitiki m'malo mwa silicon, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ma panel a thin-film akhale osavuta kuyika. Chifukwa chake, mutha kusunga ndalama zambiri zoyikira. Koma magwiridwe antchito ake ndi oipa kwambiri, ndipo amagwira ntchito bwino kwambiri ndi 15% yokha. Kuphatikiza apo, amakhala ndi nthawi yochepa poyerekeza ndi ma panel a monocrystalline ndi ma panel a polycrystalline.
Kodi mungasankhe bwanji mapanelo oyenera?
Zimadalira zosowa zanu komanso malo omwe mumagwiritsa ntchito.
Choyamba, ngati ndinu ogwiritsa ntchito nyumba ndipo muli ndi malo ochepa oyika solar panel system. Kenako solar panels zokhala ndi mphamvu zambiri monga monocrystalline panels kapena PERC monocrystalline panels zidzakhala bwino. Zili ndi mphamvu zambiri zotulutsa ndipo motero ndi zosankha zabwino kwambiri pa malo ang'onoang'ono kuti ziwonjezere mphamvu. Ngati mukukhumudwa ndi ma bilu okwera magetsi kapena kutenga ngati ndalama pogulitsa magetsi ku makampani opanga magetsi, monocrystalline panels sizingakukhumudwitseni. Ngakhale zimawononga ndalama zambiri kuposa ma polycrystalline panels kale, koma pamapeto pake, zimapereka mphamvu zambiri ndipo zimakuthandizani kuchepetsa ma bilu anu amagetsi. Pamene ndalama zomwe mumapeza posunga ma bilu ndikugulitsa magetsi (ngati inverter yanu ili pa gridi) zikuphimba ndalama za zida za photovoltaic, mutha kulipidwa pogulitsa magetsi. Njirayi imagwiranso ntchito ku mafakitale kapena nyumba zamalonda zomwe zili ndi malo ochepa.
Mkhalidwe wokhazikitsa ma polycrystalline panels ndi wosiyana kwambiri. Chifukwa cha mtengo wotsika, izi zimagwira ntchito m'mafakitale kapena nyumba zamalonda zomwe zili ndi malo okwanira okhazikitsa ma panels. Chifukwa malo awa ali ndi malo okwanira oyika ma solar panels kuti akwaniritse zosowa za ogwiritsa ntchito. Pachifukwa ichi, ma polycrystalline panels amapereka mtengo wabwino kwambiri.
Ponena za mapanelo opyapyala, nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa ntchito zazikulu chifukwa cha mtengo wawo wotsika komanso magwiridwe antchito kapena denga la nyumba zazikulu zamalonda zomwe sizingathe kunyamula kulemera kwa mapanelo a dzuwa. Kapena mutha kuwayika pa Magalimoto Osangalatsa ndi maboti ngati 'chomera chonyamulika'.
Mwachidule, sankhani mosamala mukamagula ma solar panel, chifukwa nthawi yawo yogwira ntchito imatha kufika zaka 20. Koma sizovuta monga momwe mukuganizira, malinga ndi ubwino ndi kuipa kwa mtundu uliwonse wa solar panel, ndikuphatikiza ndi zosowa zanu, ndiye kuti mutha kupeza yankho labwino kwambiri.
If you are looking for solar panel price, feel free to contact us by email: info@lessososolar.com
