Ua ib qho ntawm cov thev naus laus zis tseem ceeb rau kev hloov pauv lub zog yav tom ntej, thev naus laus zis khaws cia lub zog tau txais kev saib xyuas thiab kev tshawb fawb ntau heev nyob rau xyoo tas los no. Nrog rau kev txhim kho sai ntawm lub zog rov ua dua tshiab thiab kev nce qib ntawm kev txawj ntse ntawm lub grid, kev lag luam khaws cia lub zog qhia tau tias muaj peev xwm loj heev rau kev txhim kho. Daim ntawv tshaj tawm no lub hom phiaj yog los muab kev tshuaj xyuas kom ntxaws thiab tob txog kev lag luam khaws cia lub zog, suav nrog qhov loj me ntawm kev ua lag luam, kev txhim kho thev naus laus zis, cov xwm txheej ntawm daim ntawv thov, thaj chaw sib tw, thiab lwm yam, kom muab cov ntaub ntawv txiav txim siab rau cov tuam txhab thiab cov tub ua lag luam.
Kev Lag Luam Loj thiab Cov Qauv
(i) Qhov Loj ntawm Kev Lag Luam
Raws li cov koom haum tshawb fawb kev ua lag luam, qhov loj ntawm kev lag luam khaws cia hluav taws xob thoob ntiaj teb tau qhia txog kev loj hlob sai hauv ob peb xyoos dhau los. Nws xav tias nyob rau ob peb xyoos tom ntej no, nrog rau kev nrov ntxiv ntawm lub zog rov ua dua tshiab thiab kev nce qib tas mus li ntawm cov thev naus laus zis khaws cia hluav taws xob, qhov loj ntawm kev ua lag luam yuav txuas ntxiv mus kom muaj kev loj hlob siab.
(ii) Kev tshuaj xyuas qhov sib txawv
Cov qauv tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam khaws cia hluav taws xob suav nrog:
1. Kev thov kom muaj kev khaws cia lub zog rov ua dua tshiab ntau zuj zus: thaum qhov sib piv ntawm lub zog rov ua dua tshiab hauv kev sib xyaw lub zog txuas ntxiv mus, qhov kev thov rau cov kab ke khaws cia lub zog yuav txuas ntxiv mus.
2. Kev nce qib tas mus li hauv kev siv tshuab khaws cia hluav taws xob: Kev tsim kho tshiab tas mus li thiab kev nce qib hauv kev siv tshuab roj teeb, kev siv tshuab khaws cia hluav taws xob, thiab lwm yam tau txhim kho kev ua tau zoo thiab kev sib tw nqi ntawm cov tshuab khaws cia hluav taws xob.
3. Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev tswj hwm lub zog tau dhau los ua qhov tseem ceeb dua: nrog rau kev txhim kho ntawm lub grid ntse, lub kaw lus tswj hwm lub zog yuav dhau los ua ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm lub kaw lus khaws cia lub zog los txhim kho kev siv hluav taws xob zoo thiab kev ruaj khov ntawm lub kaw lus.
Kev txhim kho ntawm thev naus laus zis
(i) Kev siv roj teeb
Tam sim no, cov thev naus laus zis roj teeb tseem ceeb hauv kev khaws cia lub zog suav nrog cov roj teeb lithium-ion, cov roj teeb lead-acid, cov roj teeb sodium-sulfur thiab lwm yam. Cov roj teeb lithium-ion muaj qhov zoo ntawm lub zog ceev ceev, lub neej ntev, tus nqi tso tawm tus kheej qis, thiab lwm yam, nyob hauv txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam khaws cia lub zog. Tib lub sijhawm, cov thev naus laus zis roj teeb tshiab xws li cov roj teeb ntws kua, cov roj teeb potassium ion, thiab lwm yam kuj tseem tab tom tsim kho thiab tshawb fawb tas mus li.
(ii) Kev siv tshuab los sib koom ua ke ntawm lub zog cia khoom
Cov thev naus laus zis sib koom ua ke ntawm lub kaw lus khaws cia hluav taws xob suav nrog lub kaw lus tswj hwm roj teeb (BMS), lub kaw lus hloov pauv hluav taws xob (PCS), lub kaw lus saib xyuas thiab tswj hwm, thiab lwm yam. Kev txhim kho ntawm cov thev naus laus zis no muaj kev cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau kev lag luam khaws cia hluav taws xob. Kev txhim kho ntawm cov thev naus laus zis no cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau kev ua haujlwm, kev ntseeg siab thiab kev nyab xeeb ntawm lub kaw lus khaws cia hluav taws xob.
(iii) Kev siv tshuab khaws cia hluav taws xob
Cov xwm txheej siv ntawm cov thev naus laus zis khaws cia hluav taws xob npog ntau yam teb xws li sab tsim hluav taws xob, sab grid thiab sab neeg siv. Ntawm sab tsim hluav taws xob, cov thev naus laus zis khaws cia hluav taws xob tuaj yeem siv rau kev ua kom cov zis hluav taws xob rov ua dua tshiab du, kev tswj zaus standby, thiab lwm yam; ntawm sab grid, nws tuaj yeem siv rau kev hloov pauv siab tshaj plaws ntawm kev khaws cia hluav taws xob, kev them rov qab hluav taws xob, thiab lwm yam; ntawm sab neeg siv, nws tuaj yeem siv rau kev khaws cia hluav taws xob faib tawm, microgrid ntse, thiab lwm yam.
Cov Xwm Txheej Thov thiab Kev Tshawb Fawb Txog Kev Lag Luam
(i) Kev khaws cia lub zog sab ntawm kev tsim hluav taws xob
Kev khaws cia lub zog ntawm sab kev tsim hluav taws xob feem ntau yog siv rau kev siv hluav taws xob rov ua dua tshiab thiab kev ruaj khov ntawm lub network. Nrog rau kev nthuav dav ntawm lub peev xwm teeb tsa lub zog rov ua dua tshiab, qhov kev thov rau lub kaw lus khaws cia lub zog kuj nce ntxiv. Ntawm sab kev tsim hluav taws xob, thev naus laus zis khaws cia lub zog tuaj yeem daws qhov teeb meem ntawm kev tsis tu ncua thiab kev tsis ruaj khov ntawm kev tsim hluav taws xob rov ua dua tshiab, thiab txhim kho lub network txais yuav lub zog rov ua dua tshiab.
(ii) Kev khaws cia hluav taws xob sab Grid
Kev khaws cia hluav taws xob sab hauv lub network feem ntau yog siv rau kev hloov pauv siab tshaj plaws thiab kev sau cov hav, kev hloov pauv zaus thaum tos thiab lwm yam. Lub kaw lus khaws cia hluav taws xob tuaj yeem khaws hluav taws xob thaum lub sijhawm siv hluav taws xob tsawg thiab tso tawm hluav taws xob thaum lub sijhawm siv hluav taws xob siab tshaj plaws, yog li ntawd thiaj li sib npaug ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob thiab txhim kho kev ruaj khov thiab kev ntseeg siab ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub kaw lus khaws cia hluav taws xob kuj tseem tuaj yeem koom nrog kev tswj hwm zaus thiab kev pabcuam tos ntawm lub network kom txhim kho kev ua haujlwm zoo ntawm lub network thiab qhov zoo ntawm kev muab hluav taws xob.
(iii) Kev khaws cia hluav taws xob ntawm sab neeg siv
Kev khaws cia hluav taws xob ntawm tus neeg siv feem ntau yog siv rau kev khaws cia hluav taws xob faib tawm thiab kev tsim kho microgrid ntse. Ntawm sab neeg siv, lub kaw lus khaws cia hluav taws xob tuaj yeem ua ke nrog cov chaw muab hluav taws xob faib tawm (xws li lub hnub ci photovoltaic tsim hluav taws xob, cua tsim hluav taws xob, thiab lwm yam) kom paub txog kev txaus siab rau lub zog thiab kev tswj hwm ntse. Tib lub sijhawm, lub kaw lus khaws cia hluav taws xob kuj tseem siv tau ua ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm microgrid ntse los txhim kho kev ruaj khov thiab kev ntseeg siab ntawm microgrid.
Kev tshuaj xyuas kev sib tw thiab kev lag luam
(I) Kev sib tw ua lag luam
Tam sim no, kev lag luam khaws cia hluav taws xob muaj kev sib tw heev, nrog cov neeg ua si loj suav nrog cov chaw tsim roj teeb, cov neeg sib koom ua ke ntawm lub kaw lus khaws cia hluav taws xob, thiab cov neeg muab khoom siv hluav taws xob. Hauv kev siv tshuab roj teeb, Ningde Times, BYD thiab lwm lub tuam txhab nyob hauv txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev ua lag luam; hauv kev sib koom ua ke ntawm lub kaw lus khaws cia hluav taws xob, Sunny Power, Huawei thiab lwm lub tuam txhab muaj kev sib tw muaj zog.
(II) Kev Tshawb Fawb Txog Kev Lag Luam
Kev tshuaj xyuas tob txog cov lag luam khaws cia hluav taws xob hauv tsev thiab txawv teb chaws, suav nrog cov ntaub ntawv lag luam, lub zog ntawm kev siv tshuab, feem ntawm kev ua lag luam thiab lwm yam. Tsom mus rau cov lag luam uas muaj peev xwm tsim kho tshiab thiab kev sib tw ua lag luam, nrog rau cov lag luam hluav taws xob ib txwm muaj thiab cov lag luam hluav taws xob tshiab uas muaj cov qauv hauv kev khaws cia hluav taws xob.
Cov Cai thiab Kev Cai
Txoj kev loj hlob ntawm kev lag luam khaws cia hluav taws xob raug cuam tshuam loj heev los ntawm cov cai thiab kev cai. Tsoomfwv tau tsim cov kev ntsuas txoj cai los txhawb kev txhim kho kev khaws cia hluav taws xob, xws li cov cai pab nyiaj thiab cov haujlwm qhia txog kev khaws cia hluav taws xob. Tib lub sijhawm, cov qauv thiab cov qauv cuam tshuam nrog kev khaws cia hluav taws xob kuj zoo dua, uas muab kev lees paub rau kev txhim kho kev noj qab haus huv ntawm kev lag luam khaws cia hluav taws xob.
Kev Pheej Hmoo thiab Kev Sib Tw
Cov kev pheej hmoo thiab cov teeb meem uas kev lag luam khaws cia hluav taws xob ntsib suav nrog kev pheej hmoo ntawm thev naus laus zis, kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev ua lag luam, kev pheej hmoo ntawm txoj cai, thiab lwm yam. Hais txog thev naus laus zis, kev siv tshuab khaws cia hluav taws xob tseem tab tom txhim kho thiab txhim kho tas mus li, thiab muaj qee qhov kev tsis paub meej txog kev siv tshuab; hais txog kev ua lag luam, kev ua lag luam khaws cia hluav taws xob muaj kev sib tw heev, thiab kev thov ua lag luam thiab kev hloov pauv ntawm tus nqi loj heev; hais txog txoj cai, kev txhawb nqa thiab kev ruaj khov ntawm txoj cai yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev txhim kho kev lag luam khaws cia hluav taws xob.
Xaus Lus thiab Outlook
Raws li ib qho kev taw qhia tseem ceeb ntawm kev txhim kho lub zog yav tom ntej, kev lag luam khaws cia zog muaj kev cia siab dav thiab muaj peev xwm loj hlob zoo. Nrog rau kev nce qib tas mus li ntawm thev naus laus zis thiab kev txo nqi, thev naus laus zis khaws cia zog yuav raug siv dav hauv kev siv hluav taws xob rov ua dua tshiab, kev ruaj khov ntawm lub grid, microgrid ntse thiab lwm yam. Tib lub sijhawm, kev txhawb nqa txoj cai thiab kev thov ntawm kev ua lag luam yuav txhawb nqa kev txhim kho sai ntawm kev lag luam khaws cia zog, ua rau nws yog ib qho ntawm cov thev naus laus zis txhawb nqa tseem ceeb rau kev hloov pauv zog.
