Dịka otu n'ime teknụzụ ndị na-akwado mgbanwe ike n'ọdịnihu, teknụzụ nchekwa ike enwetala nlebara anya na nnyocha dị ukwuu n'afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya. Site na mmepe ngwa ngwa nke ike mmeghari ohuru na ọganihu nke ọgụgụ isi grid, ahịa nchekwa ike na-egosi nnukwu ohere maka mmepe. Akụkọ a na-achọ inye nyocha zuru oke na nke miri emi nke ụlọ ọrụ nchekwa ike, gụnyere nha ahịa, mmepe teknụzụ, ọnọdụ ngwa, ọnọdụ asọmpi, wdg, ka o wee nye ntụaka ime mkpebi maka ụlọ ọrụ na ndị na-etinye ego dị mkpa.
Ọkwa Ahịa na Usoro
(i) Ọnụọgụ Ahịa
Dịka ndị otu nyocha ahịa si kwuo, nha ahịa nchekwa ike zuru ụwa ọnụ egosila na ọ na-eto ngwa ngwa n'ime afọ ole na ole gara aga. A na-atụ anya na n'ime afọ ole na ole sochirinụ, site na mmụba nke ike mmeghari ohuru na ọganihu na-aga n'ihu nke teknụzụ nchekwa ike, nha ahịa ga-anọgide na-eto nke ọma.
(ii) Nyocha usoro ihe omume
Isi ihe na-eme n'ahịa nchekwa ike gụnyere:
1. Ọchịchọ maka nchekwa ike mmeghari ohuru: ka oke nke ike mmeghari ohuru na ngwakọta ike na-aga n'ihu na-abawanye, ọchịchọ maka sistemụ nchekwa ike ga-anọgide na-eto.
2. Ọganihu na-aga n'ihu na teknụzụ nchekwa ike: Mmepụta ihe ọhụrụ na ọganihu na-aga n'ihu na teknụzụ batrị, teknụzụ njikọta sistemụ nchekwa ike, wdg emeela ka arụmọrụ na asọmpi ọnụ ahịa nke sistemụ nchekwa ike ka mma.
3. Mkpa nke sistemụ njikwa ike na-apụta ìhè nke ukwuu: site na mmepe nke grid smart, sistemụ njikwa ike ga-aghọ akụkụ dị mkpa nke sistemụ nchekwa ike iji melite arụmọrụ ojiji ike na nkwụsi ike sistemụ.
Mmepe nke teknụzụ
(i) Teknụzụ batrị
Ugbu a, teknụzụ batrị bụ isi n'ihe gbasara nchekwa ike gụnyere batrị lithium-ion, batrị lead-acid, batrị sodium-sulfur na ihe ndị ọzọ. Batrị lithium-ion nwere uru dị na njupụta ike dị elu, ndụ ogologo oge, obere ọnụego mwepụ onwe onye, wdg, na-achịkwa ọnọdụ kachasị na ahịa nchekwa ike. N'otu oge ahụ, teknụzụ batrị ọhụrụ dịka batrị mmiri mmiri, batrị potassium ion, wdg. nọkwa n'okpuru mmepe na nyocha na-aga n'ihu.
(ii) Teknụzụ njikọta sistemụ nchekwa ike
Teknụzụ njikọta sistemụ nchekwa ike gụnyere sistemụ njikwa batrị (BMS), sistemụ mgbanwe ike (PCS), sistemụ nlekota na njikwa, wdg. Mmepe nke teknụzụ ndị a nwere mmetụta kpọmkwem na ahịa nchekwa ike. Mmepe nke teknụzụ ndị a na-emetụta arụmọrụ, ntụkwasị obi na nchekwa nke sistemụ nchekwa ike ozugbo.
(iii) Teknụzụ ngwa nchekwa ike
Usoro ojiji nke teknụzụ nchekwa ike na-ekpuchi ọtụtụ ubi dịka akụkụ mmepụta ike, akụkụ grid na akụkụ onye ọrụ. N'akụkụ mmepụta ike, enwere ike iji teknụzụ nchekwa ike mee ka mmepụta ike mmeghari ohuru dị nro, nchekwa usoro ugboro ugboro, wdg.; n'akụkụ grid, enwere ike iji ya maka mgbanwe elu nchekwa ike, nkwụghachi ike mmeghachi omume, wdg.; n'akụkụ onye ọrụ, enwere ike iji ya maka nchekwa ike kesara, microgrid nwere ọgụgụ isi, wdg.
Ọnọdụ Ngwa na Nyocha Ahịa
(i) Nchekwa ike n'akụkụ mmepụta ike
A na-ejikarị nchekwa ike nke mmepụta ike eme ihe maka oriri ike mmeghari ohuru na ime ka grid kwụsie ike. Site na mmụba na-aga n'ihu nke ikike mmeghari ohuru arụnyere, ọchịchọ maka sistemụ nchekwa ike na-amụbakwa. N'akụkụ mmepụta ike, teknụzụ nchekwa ike nwere ike idozi nsogbu nke nkwụsị na enweghị ntụkwasị obi nke mmepụta ike mmeghari ohuru, ma melite nnabata grid maka ike mmeghari ohuru.
(ii) Nchekwa ike n'akụkụ grid
A na-ejikarị ebe nchekwa ike dị n'akụkụ grid eme ihe maka mgbanwe elu na ijuputa ndagwurugwu, mgbanwe ugboro ugboro na ihe ndị ọzọ. Sistemụ nchekwa ike nwere ike ịchekwa ọkụ eletrik na obere ndagwurugwu nke oriri ọkụ eletrik ma wepụta ọkụ eletrik n'oge oke oriri ọkụ eletrik, si otú a na-ahazi ibu nke grid ike ma na-eme ka nkwụsi ike na ntụkwasị obi nke grid ike dịkwuo mma. Na mgbakwunye, sistemụ nchekwa ike nwekwara ike isonye na nhazi ugboro ugboro nke grid na ọrụ nchekwa iji melite arụmọrụ ọrụ grid na ịdị mma nke ọkọnọ ọkụ eletrik.
(iii) Nchekwa ike nke onye ọrụ
A na-ejikarị nchekwa ike nke ndị ọrụ eme ihe maka nchekwa ike kesara na owuwu obere grid smart. N'akụkụ onye ọrụ, enwere ike ijikọ sistemụ nchekwa ike na isi mmalite ike kesara (dịka mmepụta ike fotovoltaic anyanwụ, mmepụta ike ifufe, wdg) iji nweta ike zuru oke na njikwa ọgụgụ isi. N'otu oge ahụ, enwere ike iji sistemụ nchekwa ike dị ka akụkụ dị mkpa nke obere grid smart iji melite nkwụsi ike na ntụkwasị obi nke obere grid.
Nhazi asọmpi na nyocha azụmaahịa
(I) Ọdịdị asọmpi
Ugbu a, ahịa nchekwa ike na-asọmpi nke ukwuu, ya na ndị isi egwuregwu gụnyere ndị na-emepụta batrị, ndị na-ejikọta sistemụ nchekwa ike, na ndị na-ebunye ngwa ike. N'ọhịa nke teknụzụ batrị, Ningde Times, BYD na ụlọ ọrụ ndị ọzọ nọ n'ọkwa kachasị elu n'ahịa; n'ọhịa nke njikọta sistemụ nchekwa ike, Sunny Power, Huawei na ụlọ ọrụ ndị ọzọ nwere asọmpi siri ike.
(II) Nyocha Ụlọ Ọrụ
Nyocha miri emi nke ụlọ ọrụ nchekwa ike dị n'ime obodo na mba ofesi, gụnyere profaịlụ ụlọ ọrụ, ike teknụzụ, òkè ahịa na akụkụ ndị ọzọ. Lekwasị anya na ụlọ ọrụ nwere ikike imepụta ihe ọhụrụ na asọmpi ahịa, yana ụlọ ọrụ ike ọdịnala na ụlọ ọrụ ike ọhụrụ nwere nhazi n'ọhịa nchekwa ike.
Iwu na Iwu
Mmepe nke ụlọ ọrụ nchekwa ike na-emetụta nke ukwuu site na atumatu na ụkpụrụ. Gọọmentị ewebatala usoro amụma iji kwado mmepe nke nchekwa ike, dịka atumatu enyemaka na ọrụ ngosipụta nchekwa ike. N'otu oge ahụ, ụkpụrụ na ụkpụrụ metụtara nchekwa ike na-akawanye mma, nke na-enye nkwa maka mmepe ahụike nke ụlọ ọrụ nchekwa ike.
Ihe Ize Ndụ na Ihe Ịma Aka
Ihe egwu na ihe ịma aka ndị ụlọ ọrụ nchekwa ike na-eche ihu gụnyere ihe egwu teknụzụ, ihe egwu ahịa, ihe egwu amụma, wdg. N'ihe gbasara teknụzụ, teknụzụ nchekwa ike ka na-aga n'ihu na-emepe emepe na mmezi, enwerekwa ụfọdụ oke enweghị nchekwube teknụzụ; n'ihe gbasara ahịa, ahịa nchekwa ike na-asọmpi nke ukwuu, ọchịchọ ahịa na mgbanwe ọnụahịa dịkwa ukwuu; n'ihe gbasara amụma, nkwado na nkwụsi ike nke amụma dị oke mkpa maka mmepe nke ụlọ ọrụ nchekwa ike.
Mmechi na Echiche
Dịka ụzọ dị mkpa maka mmepe nke ubi ike n'ọdịnihu, ụlọ ọrụ nchekwa ike nwere atụmanya ahịa sara mbara na nnukwu ikike mmepe. Site na ọganihu na-aga n'ihu nke teknụzụ na mbelata ọnụ ahịa, a ga-eji teknụzụ nchekwa ike eme ihe nke ọma na oriri ike mmeghari ohuru, nkwụsi ike grid, microgrid smart na mpaghara ndị ọzọ. N'otu oge ahụ, nkwado amụma na ọchịchọ ahịa ga-akwalite mmepe ngwa ngwa nke ụlọ ọrụ nchekwa ike, na-eme ka ọ bụrụ otu n'ime teknụzụ dị mkpa maka mgbanwe ike.
