He ariā hou tonu ngā pūnaha rokiroki hiko PV kāinga mō te tini o te tangata. Ahakoa kua roa te hangarau photovoltaic e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i ngā tipu hiko photovoltaic nui me ngā momo taputapu iti ake pēnei i ngā whakamahana wai solar me ngā rama tiriti solar, kāore anō kia eke te rongonui o ngā pūnaha rokiroki hiko photovoltaic kāinga ki ngā taumata whakamiharo.
Heoi, nā te whanaketanga o te pūtaiao me te hangarau, me te whakanui ake i te kaha whakahou, kua āta whanake haere ngā pūnaha rokiroki hiko PV kāinga, ā, kua pakari haere hoki i roto i ngā tono kāinga me ngā tono arumoni i te kāinga me tāwāhi. I ngā whenua o Ūropi me Amerika i tāwāhi, kua noho ēnei pūnaha hei taputapu taumata-motu, ā, e whakamahia whānuitia ana mō ngā kaupapa kāinga me ngā kaupapa arumoni.
Ka whakamahia e ngā pūnaha rokiroki hiko PV kāinga ngā panera rā hei kohikohi i te pūngao rā, hei huri hei hiko. Ka taea te whakamahi i tēnei hiko mō te whakamahinga o ia rā, ā, ka taea te penapena i te toenga ki roto i ngā pākahiko mō te whakamahinga ohorere. Mā te putanga mai o tēnei pūnaha ka taea e ngā kaiwhakamahi kāinga te whakamahi hiko i roto i te huarahi ohanga ake, ā, he pai ake hoki mō te taiao, ā, ka whakaratohia hoki he taumata tiaki mēnā ka motuhia, ka pakaru rānei te pūnaha hiko.
Hei tāpiritanga, ko te whakamahinga o ngā pūnaha rokiroki pūngao photovoltaic kāinga ka āwhina hoki ki te whakatairanga i te whanaketanga me te rongonuitanga o te pūngao whakahou. I te mea kei te piki haere te tautoko a te kāwanatanga mō te pūngao whakahou me te mōhiotanga o te iwi ki te tiaki taiao, he whānui rawa te tirohanga mākete mō te pūnaha rokiroki pūngao PV kāinga.
Ko te penapena pūngao o te whakaputa hiko photovoltaic kāinga me te pūnaha rokiroki pūngao e whakaatahia ana i roto i ngā āhuatanga e whai ake nei:
1. He momo pūngao matomato, ma hoki te pūngao rā, kāore e whakaputa i ngā matū kino ki te taiao. Ki te whakatauritea ki te pūngao pūmua tuku iho, he pūtake pūngao whakahou te pūngao rā ka taea te hangarua tata tonu. Nō reira, mā te whakamahi i te pūngao rā mō te whakaputa hiko ka taea te whakaiti i te kino me te parahanga ki te taiao.
2. Ka taea e te pūnaha rokiroki hiko PV kāinga te whakatutuki i te rokiroki hiko me te tuku hiko, ā, ka karohia te pēhanga o te whakapau hiko me te raruraru o te motuhanga hiko i puta mai i te tuku hiko arawhata. I roto i ngā whare he nui te whakapau hiko, mā te whakamahi i ēnei pūnaha ka taea te whakaiti i te utu hiko, me te whakatutuki i te whai rawa ki te whakapau hiko me te whakaiti i te whakawhirinaki ki te whatunga hiko tuku iho.
3. Mai i te tirohanga o te ōwehenga tāuru-putanga, me tango te pūnaha PV 10KW a Lenercom hei tauira, ka taea e ia te whakaputa hiko 47 kWh ia rā, ā, ka taea hoki te penapena i te 25.6 kWh. Ko te tikanga o tēnei, ka taea e tēnei momo pūnaha te whakarato hiko 24-hāora mō te whānau, ā, ka tino whakaiti i te utu hiko mō te whānau.
4. Ka taea e te roanga mahi o tētahi pūnaha hiko o te rā kāinga te eke ki te 25 tau, neke atu rānei, tae atu ki te 40 tau mēnā ka tiakina tika. Mā te roanga mahi o aua pūnaha ka taea te whakaputa hiko me te tuku hiko pumau mō te wā roa, ā, ka piki ake te hokinga mai o te haumitanga o te pūnaha.
5. E ai ki ngā utu hiko o nāianei, ina whakakotahihia, he iti noa te utu mō te whakamahi i tētahi pūnaha whakaputa hiko me te rokiroki PV ā-whare, ka taea ai te whakaiti i te whakapaunga hiko a te whānau. Hei tāpiri, ki te whakaarohia te kaupapa here tautoko a te kāwanatanga, ka taea e te tere o te hokinga mai o tētahi pūnaha pēnei te eke ki te neke atu i te 15%, ā, ko te wā whakahokinga moni ka taea i roto i te 6-9 tau.
He haumaru te tāuta i tētahi pūnaha rokiroki hiko PV kāinga?
Kua tino whakamanahia te haumaru o te pūnaha rokiroki hiko PV kāinga. I ēnei rā, kua maha ngā whakahoutanga me ngā whakapainga o te pūnaha rokiroki hiko PV kāinga, ahakoa ko ngā wāhanga taputapu PV i te pito o te pūnaha whakaputa hiko, ko ngā pākahiko, ngā inverters me te pūnaha whakahaere hiko i te pito rokiroki hiko rānei, ka taea e ēnei katoa te whakamana i te haumaru ki te taumata teitei.
Tuatahi, ko te pākahiko te wāhanga matua o te pūnaha whakaputa hiko me te rokiroki pūngao PV kāinga, ā, ko tōna pakari me te mahi haumaru he mea nui ki te haumaru o te pūnaha katoa. Ko te nuinga o ngā pākahiko e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā pūnaha whakaputa hiko me te rokiroki pūngao photovoltaic kāinga kounga teitei kei te mākete i ēnei rā he pākahiko lithium rino phosphate kounga-A. He tino pai te pumau o tēnei momo matua hiko, ka taea te pupuri i te pumau i te pāmahana teitei, kāore e ngawari ki te pirau, nō reira he taumata haumaru teitei. I te wa ano, he roa hoki tōna ora ratonga, ka taea te neke atu i te 10 tau, nō reira ka taea e ngā kaiwhakamahi te okioki māia ka whakamahia.
Tuarua, kei te whakatinanahia hoki e te pūnaha rokiroki hiko PV kāinga o nāianei te whakahaere hiko atamai "AMS+BMS+APP". Mā tēnei pūnaha whakahaere atamai ka taea e ngā kaiwhakamahi te mārama ki te āhua o te whakaputa hiko, te rokiroki hiko me te tuku hiko i te kāinga ipurangi i ngā wā katoa, me te whakarerekē me te arotau i te rautaki whakamahinga i te wā tika. Mēnā ka rahua, ka taea e te pūnaha te whakatika aunoa i ngā hapa, kia mau ai te haumaru me te pono o te whakaputa hiko me te rokiroki hiko a ngā kaiwhakamahi.
Hei tāpiritanga, he wāhanga nui anō hoki te inverter o te pūnaha whakaputa me te rokiroki hiko PV kāinga. Ko te mahi a te inverter he huri i te hiko DC ki te hiko AC hei whakatutuki i te hiahia o te hiko kāinga. I ēnei rā, kua tino pakari te hangarau inverter, ka taea te whakarite i te mahi pumau i raro i ngā āhuatanga rerekē, ā, he tino pai hoki te mahi hei whakanui ake i te mahi a te pūngao o te rā.
Hei whakarāpopototanga, kua tino whakamanahia te haumaru o ngā pūnaha rokiroki hiko PV kāinga. Mai i ngā taputapu pūmārō pēnei i ngā pākahiko me ngā inverters ki ngā hangarau pūmanawa pēnei i te pūnaha whakahaere atamai, e whakarato ana ēnei katoa i te taurangi pakari mō te haumaru me te pono o te pūnaha.
Kua āta whanake haere, kua tino pakari haere ngā pūnaha whakaputa hiko photovoltaic me te rokiroki hiko kāinga, ā, kua tino rongonui haere i ētahi whenua. I te haere tonu o te hangarau me te whakaiti i ngā utu, ka āta piki haere te rongonui o tēnei pūnaha i Haina, ā, ka noho hei huarahi whanaketanga nui mō te hiko matomato ā muri ake nei.
