Tsopano, mu Energy Industry, malo osungira mphamvu ndi otchuka kwambiri.
Madera opitilira khumi ndi awiri, kuphatikizapo Shandong, Shanxi, Xinjiang, Inner Mongolia, Anhui ndi Tibet, apereka zikalata zoti magetsi a dzuwa ndi mphepo akhale ndi makina osungira magetsi.
Ngakhale makampani opanga mphamvu akhala akuzindikira kwa nthawi yayitali kuti "Kusunga mphamvu ndi njira yothandiza yothetsera kusinthasintha kwa mphamvu ya dzuwa, mphepo, komanso kusinthasintha kwa mphamvu, kuti alimbikitse kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ndikuchepetsa kuchepa." Kutsika kwamitengo kwakukulu kumapangitsa mwayi uwu kukhala wodziwika bwino, koma chifukwa cha ukadaulo wake ndi zoletsa zamitengo kunapangitsa kuti "Usagwiritsidwe ntchito." Masiku ano, chisankho chovomerezeka chikupangitsa kuti kusungira mphamvu kukhale konyadira.
Koma ngati kusungira mphamvu kukufuna kumaliza kusintha kwakukulu kuchokera ku "Icing on the keke" kupita ku "Chofunika pamsika", sikuti kungofunika thandizo lomveka bwino komanso lamphamvu la mfundo zokha, komanso tiyenera kulimbikitsa chitukuko cha makampani osungiramo zinthu pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo ndi luso la zinthu? Kodi Mumasakaniza Bwanji Bwino? Kodi mavuto ogwirizana ndi chiyani? Zonsezi ziyenera kuyankhidwa.
1. Kodi zochitika zachizolowezi za dongosolo ndi ziti?
Pakadali pano, pali mapulojekiti ambiri omwe ali pamsika.
Ndondomeko yolumikizira mbali ya Ac imatanthauza kusungira mphamvu ya photovoltaic ndi mphamvu mu kulumikizana kwa mbali ya AC, njira yosungira mphamvu imatha kulumikizidwa kumbali yamagetsi otsika, imathanso kulumikizidwa ku basi ya 10 kV ~ 35 kV. Ndondomekoyi ndi yoyenera malo opangira magetsi akuluakulu osungira magetsi, kapangidwe ka dongosolo losungira mphamvu pakati, Kasamalidwe Kosavuta ka Ntchito ndi kutumiza magetsi pa gridi.
Dongosolo lolumikizira mbali ya Dc limatanthauza njira yosungira mphamvu yolumikizidwa ku mbali ya DC, kusintha kwa mphamvu pakati pa makina awiriwa kumachepetsa maulalo, kutayika kwa mphamvu kochepa, komanso ndalama zochepa zogulira zida. Pankhaniyi, inverter ya dzuwa iyenera kusunga mawonekedwe osungira mphamvu.
2. Kodi mungakwaniritse bwanji kuphatikiza kwa 1 + 1 > 2?
Pali njira zolumikizirana, koma kuphatikizana kuti zikwaniritse zotsatira za 1 + 1 > 2, koma sizophweka.
Ukadaulo wa fusion wa kuwala ndi wovuta kwambiri. Dongosolo lophatikiza liyenera kuonetsetsa kuti kuwala kwa dzuwa, malo osungira mphamvu ndi gridi yamagetsi zikugwira ntchito bwino komanso mokhazikika, komanso kudutsa zopinga pakati pa zida, mapulogalamu ndi mulingo wa makina.
Pali zipangizo zambiri mu optical storage fusion system, zomwe zimafunika kuthetsa vuto la kugwirizana kwa ma interface pakati pa hardware ndi mapulogalamu. Zipangizo nthawi zambiri zimachokera kwa opanga osiyanasiyana, kapangidwe ka magetsi, kugula zida, kugwiritsa ntchito, kukonza zovuta ndi ndalama zidzawonjezeka, ndipo chofunika kwambiri, kulumikizana pakati pa zida zosiyanasiyana kumakhala kosiyana, ophatikiza ayenera kudziwa bwino ma protocol ndi ma interface osiyanasiyana.
Chifukwa chake, kusakanikirana kwa optical storage si kuphatikiza kosavuta kwa zida za photovoltaic ndi zida zosungiramo mphamvu, koma kudalira ukadaulo wozama wa fusion kuti ukwaniritse zotsatira za 1 + 1 > 2. Izi zimayesa kwambiri mphamvu yolumikizira ya Integrator.
3. Vuto logwirizanitsa mafakitale linayamba chifukwa cha mpikisano wotsika
Kuphatikiza makina ndiye chinsinsi chomanga malo osungira magetsi, koma pali zovuta zambiri m'munda wophatikiza magetsi m'dziko muno.
Kumbali imodzi, palibe mabizinesi ambiri omwe ali ndi mphamvu yophatikizana ya makina osungiramo zinthu zamagetsi. Kaya ndi kulumikizana kwa ukadaulo kapena kulumikizana kwa chitsanzo cha bizinesi, kusungirako mphamvu m'dziko lathu kudakali koyambirira kwa chitukuko cha mafakitale. Mabizinesi ambiri ndi olimba m'magawo osiyanasiyana monga solar inverter, mabatire osungira mphamvu, PCS, EMS, ndi zina zotero, koma makampani ochepa okha ndi omwe ali ndi makina osungiramo zinthu zamagetsi ophatikizana.
Kumbali ina, mitengo yotsika yakhala yokwera kwambiri, mabizinesi akuvutika ndi mitengo yotsika. Pakadali pano, mtengo wogulira mphamvu wachepetsedwa kuchoka pa 2.15 yuan/Wh (mtengo wa EPC) kufika pa 1.699 yuan/Wh (mtengo wa EPC) kumbali ya mphamvu yatsopano ya mdziko muno, mtengo uwu wakhala wotsika kwambiri kuposa mtengo wodziwika ndi makampani.
Zochitika zosiyanasiyana zimakhala ndi zofunikira zosiyanasiyana pamakina osungira mphamvu, ndipo palibe muyezo wogwirizana wa kapangidwe ndi mtengo wamakina osungira mphamvu, zimatha kukhala malo obisika mosavuta.
"Tsopano makampani akuyitanitsa mabatire, ndipo muyezo wake ndi ma cycle 6,000. Makampaniwa alibe muyezo wogwirizana wowunikira. Opanga ena akuyitanitsa mapulojekiti okhala ndi mabatire okhala ndi moyo wozungulira wa ma cycle osakwana 3,000 pamitengo yotsika. Zachidziwikire, sitingapikisane nawo pankhani ya mtengo," adatero katswiri wamkulu wosungira mphamvu mopanda thandizo.
"Zachidziwikire, gawo lofunika kwambiri pakuphatikiza kwa makina osungira mphamvu ndi kasamalidwe ka chitetezo cha mbali ya DC, kutanthauza kasamalidwe ka chitetezo cha makina a batri, komwe kumafuna kapangidwe kathunthu koteteza makina," gwero linapitiliza. Cell, module, batri cluster, kasamalidwe ka makina a batri, magawo anayi ali olumikizidwa, kapangidwe kabwino ka chitetezo cha makina, amatha kudziwa momwe amagwirira ntchito nthawi yeniyeni, amatha kuchenjeza zolakwika, ngati cholakwika chachitika, amathanso kuteteza pang'onopang'ono komanso kuteteza kulumikizana mwachangu.
Kupanda kutero, kulephera pang'ono kungasanduke mavuto akulu mosavuta. M'zaka zaposachedwapa, ngozi zamoto zoposa 30 zachitika ku South Korea, zifukwa zambiri ndi zolakwika pakupanga makina amagetsi, chitetezo cha makina chomwe chimachitika chifukwa cha kulephera.
Mayesowa satha pamenepo, pali mavuto okhudzana ndi moyo wa batri, payenera kukhala kapangidwe ka makina owongolera kutentha kwa malo osungira mphamvu. Kuyerekeza kutentha kwambiri ndi kutsimikizira koyesera, kapangidwe ka ma duct a mpweya wa zotengera zosungira mphamvu, kasinthidwe ka mphamvu ya mpweya woziziritsa ndi zina zotero, maulalo awa sakulamulidwa ndi kupangidwa mosamala, ndikosavuta kutsogolera ku kusalingana kwa kutentha kwa mabatire a lithiamu mkati mwa chidebe, kukulitsa kusakhazikika kwa selo.
Wolembayo wakumana ndi njira yosungira mphamvu ya 4H, pamene kusiyana kwa kutentha kwa selo kufika pa 22℃, sikuti kumakhudza kwambiri moyo wa batri, komanso kumawonjezera chiopsezo cha kugwira ntchito kwa malo osungira mphamvu.
4. Kodi njira zosungira mphamvu zingayendetsedwe bwanji bwino?
Kuyambira kusankha njira mpaka kuphatikiza njira, magwiridwe antchito otetezeka komanso phindu labwino la njira yonse yosungira mphamvu zimagwirizana kwambiri ndi kayendetsedwe ka njira yonse.
Poyerekeza ndi njira yachikhalidwe yotumizira magetsi pazachuma, kasamalidwe kogwira mtima ka mabatire ndi ma converter mu malo osungira magetsi kuyenera kuganiziridwa mokwanira pamene makina opangira magetsi osungira magetsi akutumizidwa, mwanjira imeneyi, chitetezo ndi ndalama za malo onse opangira magetsi zitha kuwongoleredwa.
Apa ndi pomwe kufunika kwa EMS (Energy Management System-RRB-, ubongo wanzeru wa chomera chosungiramo kuwala, kumayambira. Kodi kusungirako mphamvu kumagwira ntchito bwanji ndi makina a photovoltaic ndi ma grid amphamvu? Kodi batire yokha iyenera kutchaja ndalama zingati, momwe ingatchajire, momwe ingatsimikizire chitetezo? Zonsezi zimafunikira gulu la EMS yanzeru komanso yothandiza pa Utsogoleri Wogwirizana.
Potengera kusalala kwa dongosolo la photovoltaic mwachitsanzo, dongosolo losungira mphamvu likhoza kutengera kulamulira kosalala kwa kutulutsa kwa photovoltaic kwa kupanga mphamvu ya photovoltaic, kukhazikitsa gawo losalala, EMS imatenga gawo losalala ngati cholinga chowongolera, kuyitanitsa mwachangu ndi kulamulira kutulutsa mphamvu kumagwiritsidwa ntchito ku dongosolo losungira mphamvu, kotero kuti mphamvu yotulutsa ya dongosolo lopangira mphamvu ili pamlingo wofanana ndi kusintha komwe kwakhazikitsidwa.
Pakadali pano, njira yodziwika bwino mumakampaniwa ndi yakuti EMS yanzeru yochokera pa kuneneratu mphamvu ya photovoltaic ndi mawonekedwe a millisecond yosungira mphamvu kuti ikwaniritse kuwongolera bwino machitidwe a photovoltaic, kuchepetsa kukhudzidwa kwa gridi yamagetsi, kukonza kukhazikika ndi kudalirika kwa magwiridwe antchito a gridi yamagetsi. Nthawi yomweyo, njira yolumikizirana mwachangu ya millisecond inamangidwa pakati pa BMS, PCS ndi EMS kuti iteteze batri ndi makina onse.
Kuphatikiza apo, EMS yanzeru yapamwamba imathanso kukwaniritsa Multi-energy Digital Integrated Management, kuphimba tsitsi lonse, kutumiza, kugawa, ndi zochitika zonse.
