Ngaphezu kwemishini eyinhloko, njengamamojula e-photovoltaic, ama-inverter, kanye nama-transformer e-step-up asekela ukuxhumana kwezinto zekhebula le-photovoltaic esiteshini samandla se-photovoltaic, inzuzo iyonke yekhono lokusebenzisa ukuphepha, noma ngabe kusebenza kahle, nayo idlala indima ebalulekile.
Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla elanga (i-PV) kuyanda kakhulu, kuthuthuka ngokushesha, enkambisweni yokwakha izitshalo zamandla ze-photovoltaic, ngaphezu kwemishini eyinhloko, njengemojula ye-photovoltaic, ama-inverter, ama-transformer esinyathelo, ngaphezu kokusekela ukuxhumana kwezinto zekhebula le-photovoltaic enzuzweni iyonke yesitshalo samandla se-photovoltaic, ukuphepha kokusebenza, noma ngabe ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu, nakho kudlala indima ebalulekile. Okulandelayo umbono ogcwele wezintambo nezinto ezivamile ezisetshenziswa ezitshalweni zamandla ze-PV, kanye nomthelela wazo emvelweni.
Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla elanga (i-PV) kuyanda kakhulu, kuthuthuka ngokushesha, enkambisweni yokwakha izitshalo zamandla ze-photovoltaic, ngaphezu kwemishini eyinhloko, njengemojula ye-photovoltaic, ama-inverter, ama-transformer esinyathelo, ngaphezu kokusekela ukuxhumana kwezinto zekhebula le-photovoltaic enzuzweni iyonke yesitshalo samandla se-photovoltaic, ukuphepha kokusebenza, noma ngabe ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu, nakho kudlala indima ebalulekile. Okulandelayo umbono ogcwele wezintambo nezinto ezivamile ezisetshenziswa ezitshalweni zamandla ze-PV, kanye nomthelela wazo emvelweni.
Ngokusho kohlelo lwezitshalo zikagesi ze-PV, izintambo zingahlukaniswa zibe izintambo ze-DC kanye nezintambo ze-AC, futhi zihlukaniswe kanje ngokusekelwe ezinhlosweni nasezindaweni ezahlukene zokusetshenziswa:
1. Ikhebula le-DC
(1). Izintambo zochungechunge zixhuma amamojula kumamojula.
(2). Phakathi kwezintambo nezintambo zazo kanye nebhokisi lokusabalalisa le-DC (ibhokisi lokuhlangana) ngokuxhumeka okuhambisanayo.
(3). Xhuma ikhebula phakathi kwebhokisi lokusabalalisa le-DC kanye ne-inverter.
Izintambo ezibalwe ngenhla ziyizintambo ze-DC, okumele zingabi nomswakama, zingamelani nokushiswa yilanga, amakhaza, ukushisa kanye nemisebe ye-UV. Kwezinye izimo, i-asidi, i-alkali, kanye nezinye izinto zamakhemikhali nazo kumele zigwenywe.
2. Ikhebula le-AC
(1). Xhuma i-inverter ku-transformer yesinyathelo esiphezulu usebenzisa ikhebula.
(2). Ikhebula elixhumanisa i-transformer yesinyathelo esiphezulu neyunithi yokusabalalisa ugesi.
(3). Iyunithi yokusabalalisa yegridi noma ikhebula lokuxhuma lomsebenzisi.
Lesi sigaba sekhebula senzelwe ikhebula lomthwalo we-AC, elibekwe endaweni yangaphakathi ngokuvumelana nezindinganiso zokukhetha ikhebula lamandla ezijwayelekile.
3. Ikhebula elikhethekile le-Photovoltaic
Inani elikhulu lezintambo ze-DC kumele zifakwe ngaphandle ezimweni zezulu ezimbi, ngakho-ke izinto zekhebula kufanele zimelane nemisebe ye-UV, i-ozone, ukushintshashintsha kwezinga lokushisa okukhulu, kanye nokuguguleka kwamakhemikhali. Izintambo zezinto ezivamile ezisetshenziswa kule ndawo isikhathi eside zizokwenza buthaka i-cable sheath futhi zize zincibilikise ungqimba lokuvikela. Lezi zimo ngeke zilimaze nje uhlelo lwekhebula ngokushesha, kodwa zizophinde zikhulise amathuba okufinyeza ikhebula, kanye namathuba omlilo noma ukulimala kwabasebenzi esikhathini esiphakathi kuya kweside, kunciphisa kakhulu impilo yesevisi yesistimu.
Ngakho-ke, ukusetshenziswa kwezintambo nezingxenye ezithile ze-PV ezitshalweni zamandla ze-PV kubalulekile. Njengoba imboni yelanga iqhubeka nokukhula, imakethe yezingxenye ezisekela i-photovoltaic iye yanda kancane kancane, futhi maqondana nezintambo, kuye kwakhiqizwa amazinga ahlukahlukene ezimpahla zekhebula ezikhethekile ze-photovoltaic. Ikhebula elixhumanisayo le-electron beam eliklanywe muva nje, elilinganiselwe ku-120 ℃, lingasinda ezimweni zezulu ezinzima kanye nokushaqeka komshini. Esinye isibonelo ikhebula le-RADOX, okuyikhebula lamandla elanga elikhethekile eliklanywe ngokuhambisana ne-IEC216 ejwayelekile yomhlaba wonke, elinempilo yesevisi yangaphandle ephindwe ka-8 kunezintambo zerabha kanye nezikhathi ezingu-32 kunezintambo ze-PVC. Izintambo nezingxenye ezikhethekile ze-photovoltaic zinikeza ukumelana nesimo sezulu okuphezulu, ukumelana nokuguguleka kwe-UV kanye ne-ozone, futhi zingasinda ezinhlobonhlobo eziningi zokushintshashintsha kwezinga lokushisa. EYurophu, ochwepheshe bathole ukuthi amazinga okushisa alinganiswa ophahleni angafinyelela ku-100 kuya ku-110°C.
4. Izinto Zokuqhuba Ikhebula
Izintambo ze-DC zivame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu eziteshini zamandla elanga ukuze kusebenze isikhathi eside ngaphandle; nokho, ngenxa yemingcele yokwakha, ukuxhumeka kwezintambo kusetshenziswa kakhulu ezixhumini. Izinto zomqhubi wekhebula zihlukaniswa zibe yi-copper core kanye ne-aluminium core. Ikhebula le-copper core linokumelana okungcono kwe-oxidation kune-aluminium, impilo ende, ukuzinza kanye nokusebenza okuhle, ukwehla kwamandla amancane kanye nezici zokulahlekelwa amandla amancane; ekwakheni, ngenxa yokuguquguquka okuhle kwe-copper core, i-radius evumelekile yokugoba incane, kulula ukuyigoba, kulula ukuyigqoka ipayipi; kanye nokukhathala kwe-copper core, ukugoba okuphindaphindiwe akulula ukuphuka, kulula ukuyixhuma; ngesikhathi esifanayo, amandla omshini we-copper core aphezulu, ikani Ngokuphambene nalokho, i-aluminium core cable, ngenxa yezimfanelo zayo zamakhemikhali, ithambekele eku-oxidation (ukusabela kwe-electrochemical), futhi ithambekele kakhulu ezimweni ezikhulayo, ezingaholela ekwehlulekeni.
Ngenxa yalokho, izintambo zethusi zinezinzuzo ezibalulekile ezinhlelweni zamandla elanga, ikakhulukazi emkhakheni wokulethwa kwamandla ezintambo zokungcwaba ngqo. Kunganciphisa inani lezingozi, kuthuthukise ukuthembeka kokunikezwa kwamandla, kwenze ukwakhiwa nokugcinwa kube lula, njalo njalo. Yingakho izintambo zethusi zisetshenziswa kakhulu ekulethweni kwamandla ezintambo ngaphansi komhlaba eShayina.
5. Izinto Zokufaka Ikhebula Esigxotsheni
Ngesikhathi sokufakwa, ukusebenza, kanye nokugcinwa kwesitshalo samandla se-photovoltaic, ikhebula lingase libe semhlabathini ngaphansi kwenhlabathi, amatshe akhule ngokweqile, isakhiwo sophahla lwemiphetho ebukhali yezintambo, noma livezwe emoyeni; ikhebula cishe lizobhekana nemiphumela ehlukahlukene yangaphandle. Uma ijakethi yekhebula ingaqinile ngokwanele, ukufakelwa kwekhebula kuzolimala, ngaleyo ndlela kufinyeze impilo yekhebula noma kubangele imijikelezo emifushane, imililo, kanye nezingozi zokulimala. Abacwaningi bekhebula kanye nochwepheshe bathole ukuthi izinto ezixhunywe ngemisebe zinamandla aphezulu okusebenza kunangaphambi kokwelashwa. Inqubo yokuxhumanisa ishintsha isakhiwo samakhemikhali se-polymer esetshenziswa ezintweni zejakethi yokufakelwa kwekhebula, iguqula izinto ze-thermoplastic ezifuthayo zibe izinto ze-elastomer ezingefuthayo. Ukufakelwa kwemisebe kuthuthukisa kakhulu izakhiwo zokushisa, zomshini, kanye nezamakhemikhali zokufakelwa kwekhebula.
Amasekethe e-DC avame ukuchayeka ezimweni eziningi ezingezinhle ngesikhathi sokusebenza, okuholela ekusekelweni komhlabathi nokuvimbela uhlelo ukuthi lusebenze kahle. Ukukhipha, ukukhiqizwa kwekhebula okungekuhle, izinto zokuvikela ezinganele, ukusebenza kahle kokuvikela, ukuguga kokuvikela uhlelo lwe-DC, kanye nokuba khona kwamaphutha athile omonakalo konke kungabangela ukusekelwa komhlabathi noma kube yingozi yokusekelwa komhlabathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isimo sezulu sangaphandle, ukuhlasela kwezilwane ezincane, noma ukulunywa konke kuzoholela ezinkingeni zokusekelwa komhlabathi ze-DC. Ngenxa yalokho, kulesi simo, igobolondo lekhebula livame ukuvikelwa ngento engangenisi amagundane.
