He kupu whakataki ki ngā waea rongonui me ngā rauemi e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā whakaurunga hiko photovoltaic.

I ngā tau tata nei, kei te whānui haere te whakamahinga o te whakaputa hiko pūngao rā (PV), me te tere o te whanaketanga, i roto i te tukanga hanga o ngā tipu hiko photovoltaic, hei tāpiri atu ki ngā taputapu matua, pērā i ngā kōwae photovoltaic, ngā inverters, ngā transformers step-up, hei tāpiri atu ki te tautoko i te hononga o ngā rauemi taura photovoltaic ki te hua whānui o te tipu hiko photovoltaic, he mea nui anō hoki te haumaru whakahaere, ahakoa he pai te mahi. Kei raro nei he tirohanga whānui mō ngā taura me ngā rauemi e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā tipu hiko PV, me ō rātou pānga ki te taiao.

E ai ki te pūnaha o ngā tipu hiko PV, ka taea te whakarōpū i ngā taura ki ngā taura DC me ngā taura AC, ā, ka whakarōpūtia pēnei i runga i ngā kaupapa me ngā taiao whakamahinga rerekē:

1. Taura DC
(1). Ka hono ngā taura raupapa i ngā kōwae ki ngā kōwae.
(2). I waenganui i ngā aho me ō rātou aho me te pouaka tohatoha DC (pouaka huihuinga) mā te hononga whakarara.
(3). Honoa he taura i waenganui i te pouaka tohatoha DC me te inverter.

Ko ngā taura kua whakarārangihia i runga ake nei he taura DC, me ātete ki te makuku, ki te wera, ki te hihi UV. I ētahi wā, me karo hoki i te waikawa, te kawakore, me ētahi atu matū.

2. Taura AC
(1). Honoa te inverter ki te transformer piki-whakarunga mā te whakamahi i te taura.
(2). Ko te taura e hono ana i te whakawhiti hiko whakarunga ki te wae tohatoha hiko.
(3). Te wae tohatoha mō te whatunga hiko, mō te taura hononga rānei a te kaiwhakamahi.

Ko tēnei wāhanga o te taura mō te taura kawenga AC, e whakatakotoria ana ki roto i te taiao o roto i runga anō i ngā paerewa whānui mō te kōwhiringa taura hiko.

3. Taura motuhake photovoltaic
Me tāuta te maha o ngā taura DC ki waho i ngā āhuatanga huarere kino, nō reira me ātete te rauemi taura ki te hihi UV, te ozone, ngā rerekētanga pāmahana tino nui, me te horo matū. Mā ngā taura rauemi noa e whakamahia ana i tēnei taiao mō te wā roa ka ngoikore te uhi taura, ka memeha hoki te paparanga whakamarumaru. Ehara i te mea ka kino tonu te pūnaha taura i ēnei āhuatanga, engari ka piki ake hoki te tūponotanga o te porowhita poto o te taura, me te tūponotanga o ngā ahi, ngā whara rānei o ngā kaimahi i roto i te wā waenga ki te wā roa, ka tino whakaiti i te roa o te mahi a te pūnaha.

Nō reira, he mea nui te whakamahinga o ngā taura me ngā wāhanga motuhake mō te PV i roto i ngā tipu hiko PV. I te whānui haere tonu o te umanga hiko pūngao rā, kua piki haere te mākete mō ngā wāhanga tautoko photovoltaic, ā, mō ngā taura, kua puta he whānuitanga o ngā paerewa mō ngā taonga taura motuhake mō te photovoltaic. Ka taea e te taura whakawhiti hihi irahiko i hangaia tata nei, i te 120 ℃ te whakatauranga, te tu atu i ngā āhuatanga āhuarangi uaua me te ru miihini. Ko tētahi atu tauira ko te taura RADOX, he taura pūngao pūngao rā motuhake i hangaia kia rite ki te paerewa o te ao IEC216, me te roa o te ratonga o waho e 8 ngā wā i te roa o ngā taura rapa me te 32 ngā wā i te roa o ngā taura PVC. He pai ake te ātete o ngā taura me ngā wāhanga photovoltaic motuhake ki te huarere, te ātete ki te UV me te horo ozone, ā, ka taea te tu atu i ngā rerekētanga pāmahana whānui. I Ūropi, i kitea e ngā tohunga hangarau ka taea e ngā taumata pāmahana i inehia i runga i te tuanui te eke ki te 100 ki te 110°C.

4. Ngā Rauemi Arataki Taura
Ko ngā taura DC te mea e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i ngā teihana hiko o te rā mō ngā mahi o waho mō te wā roa; heoi, nā ngā rohe o te whare, ko ngā hononga taura te mea matua e whakamahia ana mō ngā hononga. Ka whakarōpūtia ngā rauemi kawe taura ki te matua parahi me te matua konumohe. He pai ake te ātete ki te waikura o te taura matua parahi i te konumohe, he roa te ora, he pumau me te mahi pai, he iti te hekenga ngaohiko me ngā āhuatanga ngaronga hiko iti; i roto i te hanganga, nā te ngāwari pai o te matua parahi, he iti te radius piko e whakaaetia ana, nō reira he ngāwari ki te piko, he ngāwari ki te mau i te paipa; ā, nā te ngenge o te matua parahi, he uaua ki te piko tonu te pakaru, nō reira he ngāwari ki te hono; i te wa ano, he teitei te kaha miihini o te matua parahi, ka taea. I te ritenga ke, nā ōna āhuatanga matū, he ngāwari te waikura (te tauhohenga hiko), ā, he tino ngāwari ki te ngoki, ka arahi pea ki te pakaru.

Nā reira, he nui ngā painga o ngā taura parahi i roto i ngā pūnaha hiko o te rā, inā koa i roto i te ao o te tuku hiko taura tanu tika. Ka taea e ia te whakaiti i te maha o ngā aituā, te whakarei ake i te pono o te pūtake hiko, te whakangāwari ake i te hanga me te tiaki, me ētahi atu. Koinei tonu te take e whakamahia nuitia ai te taura parahi i roto i te tuku hiko taura raro whenua i Haina.

5. Ngā Rauemi Whakamarumaru Taura
I te wā e tāuta ana, e whakahaere ana, e tiaki ana hoki i tētahi tipu hiko photovoltaic, tera pea kei roto te taura i te whenua i raro i te oneone, i ngā toka kua tipua, i te hanganga tuanui o ngā taha koi o te waea, i te rangi rānei; tera pea ka pāngia te taura e ngā pānga o waho. Mēnā kāore i te tino kaha te uhi taura, ka pakaru te whakamarumaru taura, ka whakapoto i te roanga o te ora o te taura, ka puta rānei he ara iahiko poto, he ahi, he whara rānei. I kitea e ngā kairangahau me ngā tohunga hangarau taura he kaha ake te miihini o ngā rauemi kua honoa ki te irahiko i mua i te maimoatanga. Ka whakarerekē te tukanga hono i te hanganga matū o te polymer e whakamahia ana i roto i te rauemi uhi whakamarumaru taura, ka huri i te rauemi thermoplastic whakarewa ki te rauemi elastomer kore-whakarewa. Ka whakapai ake hoki te irahiko whakawhiti i ngā āhuatanga wera, miihini, me te matū o te whakamarumaru taura.

He maha ngā wā ka pāngia ngā ara iahiko DC e ngā āhuatanga kino i te wā e whakahaerehia ana, ka hua ake te whenua, ā, ka kore e pai te mahi a te pūnaha. Ko te whakaputanga, te ngoikore o te hanga taura, te koretake o ngā rauemi whakamahana, te koretake o te mahi whakamahana, te tawhito o te whakamahana pūnaha DC, me te kitea o ngā hapa kino motuhake ka taea te whakawhenua, te noho hei tūponotanga whenua. Hei tāpiri, ko te āhuarangi o waho, te whakaekenga a ngā kararehe ririki, te ngau rānei ka hua ake ngā raruraru whenua DC. Nō reira, i tēnei horopaki, ko te hipoki o te taura he mea ārai ki ngā kiore.