Amaseli e-photovoltaic adlule ezizukulwaneni ezintathu zentuthuko yezobuchwepheshe:
Isizukulwane Sokuqala: Ubuchwepheshe be-Crystalline Silicon
Lokhu kusekelwe ku-silicon njengento eyinhloko, okubonisa ubuchwepheshe obufana ne-BSF, i-PERC, i-TOPCon, i-HJT, kanye ne-IBC.
Isizukulwane Sesibili: Ubuchwepheshe Befilimu Encane
Emelelwa yizinto ezifana ne-Copper Indium Gallium Selenide (CIGS), i-Cadmium Telluride (CdTe), kanye ne-Gallium Arsenide (GaAs), amaseli efilimu encane aye ahluleka ukuncintisana ne-crystalline silicon ngenxa yokusebenza kahle okuphansi kanye nezindleko eziphakeme (ngaphezu kwama-$2 billion nge-GW ngayinye yokutshalwa kwezimali). Njengamanje, isabelo sabo semakethe singaphansi kuka-5%.
Isizukulwane Sesithathu: Amaseli Elanga ePerovskite kanye nama-Organic
Njengoba ibuswa amaseli elanga e-perovskite, lesi sizukulwane sibone intuthuko esheshayo eminyakeni yamuva nje. Kubhekwa njengobuchwepheshe obuthembisayo obungase budlule amaseli e-silicon acwebezelayo njengentuthuko elandelayo kuma-photovoltaics.
Intuthuko Ekusebenzeni Kokuguqulwa Kwamaseli E-Photovoltaic
Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-silicon ekristali, amaseli e-perovskite anikeza ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu kwethiyori kanye nezindleko zokukhiqiza eziphansi. Amaseli e-perovskite ahlanganayo kanye namaseli e-tandem anezimpumelelo zethiyori ezingama-33% kanye nama-45%, ngokulandelana, adlula uphahla lwe-silicon ekristali. Ngokomnotho, izindleko zesikhathi eside zamamojula e-perovskite ahlanganayo alinganiselwa ku-0.5–0.6 RMB/W, aphansi kakhulu kune-silicon ekristali, okwenza kube yindawo ebalulekile yentuthuko ye-photovoltaic yesikhathi esizayo.
Nakuba amaseli e-perovskite ehlala ezigabeni zokuqala zokukhula kwezimboni, izinkampani ze-silicon ezikristalu nezingenasimo zitshala imali ngenkuthalo kulo mkhakha. Imithombo ehlukahlukene yemali nayo ingene emakethe, ivuselela intshisekelo ebanzi futhi isheshisa ukuthengiswa.
Izinselele kanye Nendlela Yokwenza Ibhizinisi
Amaseli e-Perovskite abhekene nezinselele ezihlobene nezinqubo zokuzinza nokukhiqiza, okumele zixazululwe ukuze kufezwe ukukhiqizwa okukhulu. Imigqa yokukhiqiza yokuhlola yamanje isesesigabeni sokuhlola. Izithiyo eziyinhloko zifaka phakathi ukuthuthukisa ukuzinza nokusebenza kahle kokuguqulwa ngokusebenzisa izinto nezinqubo ezingcono. Izinto ezintsha ezibalulekile, njengezinto ezimelana nomswakama negesi, izithasiselo zokuthuthukisa ukuzinza, izendlalelo zokudlula, kanye nemishini ethuthukisiwe, kubalulekile ekunqobeni lezi zithiyo. Ukuphumelela kulezi zindawo kuzoqhuba ukwamukelwa kwemboni, ngemikhiqizo ye-PV esatshalaliswa kanye nezinga labathengi okungenzeka ukuthi isebenza njengezimo zokuqala zokusetshenziswa.
Amaseli Ahlanganisiwe: Isihluthulelo Sokuvula Ukusebenza Kahle
Uma kuqhathaniswa namaseli ahlanganayo, ukucushwa kwe-tandem kunikeza ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu. Phakathi kwalawa, amaseli e-silicon-perovskite four-terminal tandem athuthuka ngokushesha ekuhwebeni ngenxa yesakhiwo sawo esilula kanye nezinzuzo zokukhulisa ukusebenza kahle kwamaseli e-silicon akristali. Amaseli e-two-terminal tandem, yize eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, enza kube lula ukwakheka kweseli futhi afaneleka kangcono ukubhanqa nobuchwepheshe be-HJT. Amaseli e-full-perovskite tandem amelela ikhambi eliphelele, anikeza ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu kakhulu kanye nezindleko eziphansi.
Ukuncintisana Nokubambisana
Amaphayona e-silicon angenasimo, njenge-GCL Optoelectronics, i-Xinnano, ne-Microquanta, ahole phambili ekuthuthukisweni kwe-perovskite, ehlose ukungena embonini ye-PV ngalobu buchwepheshe obusha. Okwamanje, izinkampani ze-silicon zendabuko ze-crystalline zingene emncintiswaneni kamuva kancane, zigxile kubuchwepheshe be-tandem ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwamaseli e-silicon e-crystalline akhona.
Izinkampani ze-silicon ezingafani zibhekene nezinkinga zezimali futhi zingasheshisa ukuthuthukiswa kwamaseli e-tandem ane-terminal ezine ukuqinisekisa ukubuya okusheshayo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izinkampani ze-silicon ezikristalu cishe zizophishekela ukuthengwa kwezinkampani ezintsha ze-perovskite ukuze zihlanganise intuthuko yazo, okuholela ekuhlanganisweni kwemboni.
Naphezu kokuncintisana kwazo, izinkampani ze-silicon ezikristalu nezingenasimo zinomgomo ofanayo: ukuthuthukisa izimboni zobuchwepheshe be-perovskite. Imizamo yokubambisana kulindeleke ukuthi ibuse esikhathini esiseduze, njengoba izinhlangothi zombili zisebenzela ukuqaphela amandla aphelele ezicelo ze-perovskite emkhakheni we-photovoltaic.
