E toru ngā whakatipuranga o te whanaketanga hangarau kua pā ki ngā pūtau photovoltaic:
Te Whakatipuranga Tuatahi: Hangarau Hiraka Tioata
Ko te silicon te rauemi matua mō tēnei, tae atu ki ngā hangarau pēnei i te BSF, PERC, TOPCon, HJT, me IBC.
Reanga Tuarua: Hangarau Kiriata-Angiangi
Ahakoa ngā rauemi pēnei i te Copper Indium Gallium Selenide (CIGS), te Cadmium Telluride (CdTe), me te Gallium Arsenide (GaAs), kua uaua ngā pūtau kiriata angiangi ki te whakataetae ki te silicon tioata nā te iti o te whai huatanga me te nui o ngā utu (neke atu i te $2 piriona ia GW o te haumitanga). I tēnei wā, he iti iho i te 5% te wāhi mākete o aua pūtau.
Te Tuatoru o ngā Whakatipuranga: Ngā Pūtau Pūngao Perovskite me ngā Pūtau Pūngao Ora
Nā ngā pūtau rā perovskite te mana whakahaere, kua tere te whanaketanga o tēnei whakatipuranga i ngā tau tata nei. E kiia ana he hangarau whai hua tēnei, ā, tera pea ka hipa ake i ngā pūtau silicon tioata hei putanga hou i roto i te ao photovoltaics.
Te Ahunga Whakamua i roto i te Whai Huatanga o te Huringa Pūtau Photovoltaic
Ki te whakatauritea ki te silicon tioata, he nui ake te whai huatanga ariā me ngā utu whakaputa iti iho. Ko te whai huatanga ariā o ngā pūtau perovskite kotahi-hononga me ngā pūtau perovskite takirua he 33% me te 45%, ia, e hipa ana i te tuanui mō te silicon tioata. I te taha ōhanga, ko te utu roa mō ngā kōwae perovskite kotahi-hononga e matapaetia ana kei te 0.5–0.6 RMB/W, he iti iho i te silicon tioata, ka waiho hei pokapū mō te whanaketanga photovoltaic a meake nei.
Ahakoa kei ngā wāhanga tōmua tonu o te ahumahi ngā pūtau perovskite, kei te kaha te haumi a ngā kamupene silicon tioata me ngā kamupene silicon kore-āhua ki tēnei rāngai. Kua uru mai hoki ngā momo puna pūtea ki te mākete, e whakanui ana i te hiahia whānui me te whakateretere i te hokohoko.
Ngā Wero me te Ara ki te Whakawhanaketanga
Kei te pāngia ngā pūtau Perovskite e ngā wero e pā ana ki te pumau me ngā tukanga hanga, me whakatau ēnei kia tutuki ai te whakaputanga nui. Kei te wāhanga whakamātautau tonu ngā raina whakaputa whakamātautau o nāianei. Ko ngā arai matua ko te whakapai ake i te pumau me te whai huatanga o te huringa mā roto i ngā rauemi me ngā tukanga pai ake. Ko ngā mahi auaha matua, pērā i ngā rauemi ātete-makuku me te hau, ngā tāpiringa hei whakarei ake i te pumau, ngā paparanga passivation, me ngā taputapu matatau, he mea nui ki te wikitoria i ēnei arai. Mā ngā putanga hou i roto i ēnei wāhanga ka akiaki i te tangohanga o te ahumahi, me ngā hua PV tohatoha me ngā hua kounga-kaihoko pea hei tauira tono tuatahi.
Ngā Pūtau Tandem: He Kī ki te Wetewete i te Whai Huatanga
Ki te whakaritea ki ngā pūtau hononga-kotahi, he nui ake te pai o ngā whirihoranga tandem. I roto i ēnei, kei te tere haere te ahu whakamua o ngā pūtau tandem silicon-perovskite e whā-mutunga ki te hokohoko nā te mea he māmā ake te hanganga me ngā painga whakarei ake i te pai o ngā pūtau silicon tioata. Ahakoa he uaua ake ngā pūtau tandem e rua-mutunga, ka whakangawari ake i te hanganga pūtau, ā, he pai ake te hono atu ki te hangarau HJT. Ko ngā pūtau tandem perovskite-katoa te otinga tino pai, e tuku ana i te pai ake me te iti ake o ngā utu.
Te Whakataetae me te Mahi Tahi
Ko ngā paionia o te silicon amorphous, pērā i a GCL Optoelectronics, Xinnano, me Microquanta, kua ārahi i te whanaketanga perovskite, me te whai kia uru atu ki te umanga PV mā tēnei hangarau hou. I tēnei wā, kua uru atu ngā kamupene silicon crystalline tuku iho ki te whakataetae i muri tata mai, me te arotahi ki ngā hangarau tandem hei whakarei ake i te whai huatanga o ngā pūtau silicon crystalline o nāianei.
He herenga pūtea kei ngā kamupene silicon kore-āhua, ā, tera pea ka tere ake te whanaketanga o ngā pūtau takirua e whā-mutunga hei whakarite kia tere ake ngā hokinga mai. I tetahi atu taha, tera pea ka whai ngā kamupene silicon tioata i ngā hokonga mai i ngā kamupene perovskite auaha hei whakauru i ā rātou whanaketanga, ka arahi ki te whakakotahitanga o te ahumahi.
Ahakoa ō rātou whakataetae, he whāinga kotahi tā ngā kamupene silicon tioata me te silicon kore-āhua: te whakatairanga i te ahumahi o te hangarau perovskite. E matapaetia ana ka kaha ake ngā mahi tahi a te wā tata nei, i te mea e mahi tahi ana ngā taha e rua ki te whakatutuki i te pūmanawa katoa o ngā tono perovskite i roto i te rāngai photovoltaic.
